Wearable Biodevices Based on Two-Dimensional Materials: From Flexible Sensors to Smart Integrated Systems.

The proliferation of wearable biodevices has boosted the development of soft, innovative, and multifunctional materials for human health monitoring. The integration of wearable sensors with intelligent systems is an overwhelming tendency, providing powerful tools for remote health monitoring and personal health management. Among many candidates, two-dimensional (2D) materials stand out due to several exotic mechanical, electrical, optical, and chemical properties that can be efficiently integrated into atomic-thin films.

CK-666 exerts anticancer effects by regulating autophagy, tunneling nanotubes and extracellular vesicles formation.

CK-666, an inhibitor of the actin-related protein complex 2/3 (Arp2/3), can suppress lamellipodia formation and cell migration. However, research on its application in tumor therapy is still limited. Using RNA-seq, we clustered and analyzed the functions of differentially expressed mRNAs in CK-666-treated tumor cells.

Cadmium exposure induces inflammation, oxidative stress and DNA damage in HUVEC and promotes THP-1 adhesion: A possible mechanism on the formation of atherosclerotic plaque.

Observational studies have shown that cadmium exposure increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. Atherosclerotic plaque can cause vascular obstruction, which is important for the death from cardiovascular disease. Cell damage and monocyte adhesion are two early events in atherosclerotic plaque formation that can be induced by cadmium exposure, but the mechanism remains to be determined.

[Distribution and Source-specific Ecological Risk Analysis of Soil Heavy Metals in South Hunan Province].

To identify the spatial distribution patterns and assess the ecological risks associated with soil heavy metal pollution in the southern region of Hunan Province, a total of 362 surface soil samples were collected from the studied area. This study employed multivariate statistics and geographic information systems （GIS） to investigate the spatial distribution pattern of soil metals （Cd, Hg, As, Pb, Zn, Ni, Mn, Tl, and Sb）. Furthermore, the pollution sources and source-specific ecological risk of heavy metals were quantified by combining the positive matrix factorization （PMF） model and the comprehensive ecological risk index model.

Study on the causality of cathepsin on autoimmune diseases and cancer: evidence from mendelian randomization analysis.

The genetic causality between cathepsin levels and autoimmune diseases (ADs) bidirectionally was investigated and the associated cancer risk was explored with Mendelian randomization. Mendelian randomization analyses were used to explore causal associations between cathepsin and 14 ADs. The final results came from a meta-analysis of two datasets to get a robust result.

Goos-Hänchen shift for an Airyprime beam.

We propose a comprehensive theory to analyze the Goos-Hänchen (GH) shift for an arbitrarily polarized Airyprime beam reflected at the air-dielectric interface. We derive general expressions for the spatial and angular GH shifts and establish a close relationship between the GH shift of the Airyprime beam and the GH shift of the Airy beam. We also predict the novel optical effects of a significantly enhanced spatial GH shift and an almost disappeared angular GH shift when the horizontally polarized Airyprime beam is reflected near Brewster's angle.

Impact of steel slag, gypsum, and coal gangue on microbial immobilization of metal(loid)s in non-ferrous mine waste dumps.

Non-ferrous mine waste dumps globally generate soil pollution characterized by low pH and high metal(loid)s content. In this study, the steel slag (SS), gypsum (G), and coal gangue (CG) combined with functional bacteria consortium (FB23) were used for immobilizing metal(loid)s in the soil. The result shown that FB23 can effectively decrease As, Pb, and Zn concentrations within 10 d in an aqueous medium experiment.

Molecular dynamics study on structural modulation and dyeing property optimization of meta-aramid in a DMSO/electrolyte system.

Meta-aramid (PMIA) fabrics are typically problematic to dye owing to their extremely crystalline structure and high compactness. Herein, Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and electrolyte as hydrogen bond regulators were selected to improve the dyeability of PIMA dyed with cationic dyes. The PMIA shows both high dyeing and mechanical properties as a result of the synergistic effect of DMSO and electrolyte in the system, which destructs hydrogen bonding networks and increase interaction energy density between dye molecules and PMIA, confirmed by a series of characterization and molecular dynamics simulations.

Ratcheting by Stochastic Resetting With Fat-Tailed Time Distributions.

We investigated both numerically and analytically the drift of a Brownian particle in a ratchet potential under stochastic resetting with fat-tailed distributions. As a study case we chose a Pareto time distribution with tail index β. We observed that for rectification occurs even if for the mean resetting time is infinite.

Diffusion of noiseless active particles in a planar convection array.

We investigated, both analytically and numerically, the dynamics of a noiseless overdamped active particle in a square lattice of planar counter-rotating convection rolls. Below a first threshold of the self-propulsion speed, a fraction of the simulated particle's trajectories spatially diffuse around the convection rolls, whereas the remaining trajectories remain trapped inside the injection roll. We detected two chaotic diffusion regimes: (i) below a second, higher threshold of the self-propulsion speed, the particle performs a random motion characterized by asymptotic normal diffusion.

Deep Learning-Based Simultaneous Temperature- and Curvature-Sensitive Scatterplot Recognition.

Since light propagation in a multimode fiber (MMF) exhibits visually random and complex scattering patterns due to external interference, this study numerically models temperature and curvature through the finite element method in order to understand the complex interactions between the inputs and outputs of an optical fiber under conditions of temperature and curvature interference. The systematic analysis of the fiber's refractive index and bending loss characteristics determined its critical bending radius to be 15 mm. The temperature speckle atlas is plotted to reflect varying bending radii.

Machine Learning for Single-Molecule Localization Microscopy: From Data Analysis to Quantification.

Single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) is a versatile tool for realizing nanoscale imaging with visible light and providing unprecedented opportunities to observe bioprocesses. The integration of machine learning with SMLM enhances data analysis by improving efficiency and accuracy. This tutorial aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the data analysis process and theoretical aspects of SMLM, while also highlighting the typical applications of machine learning in this field.

A critical review on bioremediation technologies of metal(loid) tailings: Practice and policy.

Globally, most high-grade ores have already been exploited. Contemporary mining tends to focus on the extraction of lower-grade ores thereby leaving large stored tailings open to the environment. As a result, current mines have emerged as hotspots for the migration of metal(loid)s and resistance genes, thereby potentially contributing to a looming public health crisis.

Identification of Key lncRNAs Associated with Immune Infiltration and Prognosis in Gastric Cancer.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), as promising novel biomarkers for cancer treatment and prognosis, can function as tumor suppressors and oncogenes in the occurrence and development of many types of cancer, including gastric cancer (GC). However, little is known about the complex regulatory system of lncRNAs in GC. In this study, we systematically analyzed lncRNA and miRNA transcriptomic profiles of GC based on bioinformatics methods and experimental validation.

First report of causing blight on in China.

Ammopiptanthus mongolicus is the only evergreen broad-leaved shrub in the desert region of Northwest China, which is one of the dominant species in the desert vegetation of the region, playing an important role in maintaining the stability of the local desert ecosystem. A. mongolicus is also very hardy and drought resistant and can survive extreme temperatures (Liu et al.

A novel tryptanthrin-based "on-off-on" probe for sequential sensing Cu/S in water samples.

Copper ions (Cu) and sulfide (S) play essential roles in many physiologies and pathologic processes. Herein, a new "on-off-on" tryptanthrin-based probe TR-1 (TR-1) has been designed and synthesized in a facile and economical way. TR-1 exhibited highly selective and sensitive response to Cu without any interference over 14 competitive metal ions and the detection limit downs to 24 nM, which is far below the Chinese standard of fishery water quality (157 nM).

Bioindicator responses to extreme conditions: Insights into pH and bioavailable metals under acidic metal environments.

Acid mine drainage (AMD) caused environmental risks from heavy metal pollution, requiring treatment methods such as chemical precipitation and biological treatment. Monitoring and adapting treatment processes was crucial for success, but cost-effective pollution monitoring methods were lacking. Using bioindicators measured through 16S rRNA was a promising method to assess environmental pollution.

Heavy metals in centralized drinking water sources of the Yangtze River: A comprehensive study from a basin-wide perspective.

Water quality in the Yangtze River Basin (YRB) has received considerable attention because it supplies water to 400 million people. However, the trends, sources, and risks associated with heavy metals (HMs) in water of centralized drinking water sources (CDWSs) in the YRB region are not well understood due to the lack of high-frequency, large-scale monitoring data. Moreover, research on the factors affecting the transportation of HMs in natural water are limited, all of which significantly reduce the effectiveness of CDWSs management.

Microbial diversity and their extracellular enzyme activities among different soil particle sizes in mossy biocrust under N limitation in the southeastern Tengger Desert, China.

Introduction: Mossy biocrust represents a stable stage in the succession of biological soil crust in arid and semi-arid areas, providing a microhabitat that maintains microbial diversity. However, the impact of mossy biocrust rhizoid soil and different particle sizes within the mossy biocrust layer and sublayer on microbial diversity and soil enzyme activities remains unclear.

Methods: This study utilized Illumina MiSeq sequencing and high-throughput fluorometric technique to assess the differences in microbial diversity and soil extracellular enzymes between mossy biocrust rhizoid soil and different particle sizes within the mossy biocrust sifting and sublayer soil.

Nomogram combining pre-operative clinical characteristics and spectral CT parameters for predicting the WHO/ISUP pathological grading in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Purpose: To develop a novel clinical-spectral-computed tomography (CT) nomogram incorporating clinical characteristics and spectral CT parameters for the preoperative prediction of the WHO/ISUP pathological grade in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).

Methods: Seventy-three ccRCC patients who underwent spectral CT were included in this retrospective analysis from December 2020 to June 2023. The subjects were pathologically divided into low- and high-grade groups (WHO/ISUP 1/2, n = 52 and WHO/ISUP 3/4, n = 21, respectively).