Metabolomic Profiling Reveals Potential Biomarkers and Prominent Features in HIV/AIDS Patients Co-Infected with SARS-CoV-2.

The underlying mechanisms and diagnostic biomarkers for the progress of COVID-19 in HIV patients have not been fully elucidated. In this study, the aim is to analyze the metabolomic profiles of HIV/AIDS patients co-infected with SARS-CoV-2 and to identify biomarkers indicative of co-infection. In this study, we conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of peripheral blood samples collected from 30 HIV/AIDS patients co-infected with SARS-CoV-2 (pc group) and 30 patients without SARS-CoV-2 (nc group).

Safety and efficacy of lamivudine/dolutegravir vs. bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide in antiretroviral-naive adults with HIV-1 infection in Shanghai, China: a single-centre retrospective study.

Lamivudine plus dolutegravir (3TC/DTG) and bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (B/F/TAF) regimens are commonly used as first-line treatments for people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (PLWH) worldwide. There are limited comparative data on the antiviral activity and safety between these regimens in ART-naive PLWH, particularly in China, where the 3TC/DTG regimen was integrated into first-line therapy in 2021 and gained broader adoption after its inclusion in the National Health Insurance in 2022. This study aims to provide real-world evidence comparing the 3TC/DTG regimen to the B/F/TAF regimen in ART-naive PLWH in China.

Gold nanocube-enhanced SERS biosensor based on heated electrode coupled with exonuclease III-assisted cycle amplification for sensitive detection of flap endonuclease 1 activity.

The flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1) plays a key role in DNA replication and repair, its aberrant expression is associated with tumor development, so it has been recognized as a promising biomarker for a variety of cancers. Here, a novel "turn on" mode gold nanocube-enhanced surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) biosensor was constructed by combining a heated Au electrode (HAuE), exonuclease III (Exo III)-assisted cycle amplification, and gold nanocube (AuNC)-based SERS enhancement to achieve highly sensitive detection of FEN1 activity. The SERS tag was prepared using the Raman reporter modified on the AuNC surface, and the high electromagnetic field provided by the sharp geometric feature of AuNC greatly enhanced the SERS signal.

Brief communication: efficacy and safety of the dolutegravir/lamivudine dual therapy in antiretroviral treatment-experienced Chinese people living with HIV.

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of dolutegravir plus lamivudine (DTG/3TC) in antiretroviral treatment (ART)-experienced people living with HIV (PLWH). A total of 303 PLWH in Shanghai, China, who switched from triple ART to DTG/3TC between January 2019 and June 2022, with a minimum ART duration of 6 months, were retrospectively enrolled. More than 95% of PLWH maintained viral suppression with no significant changes in CD4 counts 12 months after switching.

A nanoporous electrochemical aptamer-based sensors for rapid detection of cardiac troponin I in blood.

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the top contributors to global disease mortality. AMI biomarkers, such as cardiac troponin I (cTnI), are often detected with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) that suffers from several well-known drawbacks such as poor stability and slow and cumbersome operation. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new analytical technique that can rapidly analyse and detect cTnI for early screening of AMI.

Construction of an electrochemical aptamer-based sensors for rapid quantification of the anticancer drug imatinib in blood to improve drug bioavailability at microdoses.

Imatinib (Ima), as a commonly used anticancer drug for the clinical treatment of leukemia and gastrointestinal mesenchymal stromal tumour, requires timely monitoring of patients' blood concentration to ensure efficacy while reducing complications and achieving precision medicine due to its narrow therapeutic window (1-5 μM) and the varying sensitivity and resistance of different patients to Ima. However, traditional assays are slow and cumbersome, so improved and innovative platforms for monitoring Ima in the clinic are necessary. In this work, a nanoporous electrochemical aptamer-based (E-AB) sensor was designed for the detection of Ima and imatinib mesylate (Ima-Mes) in blood.

Actomyosin contraction in the follicular epithelium provides the major mechanical force for follicle rupture during ovulation.

Ovulation is critical for sexual reproduction and consists of the process of liberating fertilizable oocytes from their somatic follicle capsules, also known as follicle rupture. The mechanical force for oocyte expulsion is largely unknown in many species. Our previous work demonstrated that ovulation, as in mammals, requires the proteolytic degradation of the posterior follicle wall and follicle rupture to release the mature oocyte from a layer of somatic follicle cells.

Trends in Clinico-Epidemiological Profile and Outcomes of Patients with HIV-Associated Cryptococcal Meningitis in Shanghai, China, 2013-2023.

The study aimed to analyze changes in the clinical and epidemiological aspects of HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis (CM) patients and to identify factors influencing their prognosis. Clinical data of patients with HIV-associated CM treated in Shanghai, China between 2013 and 2023 were collected. This study included 279 cases, 2.

Cold-hot Janus electrochemical aptamer-based sensor for calibration-free determination of biomolecules.

Real-time, high-frequency measurements of pharmaceuticals, metabolites, exogenous antigens, and other biomolecules in biological samples can provide critical information for health management and clinical diagnosis. Electrochemical aptamer-based (EAB) sensor is a promising analytical technique capable of achieving these goals. However, the issues of insufficient sensitivity, frequent calibration and lack of adapted portable electrochemical device limit its practical application in immediate detection.

Rapid nanomolar detection of cocaine in biofluids by electrochemical aptamer-based sensor with low-temperature effect for drugged driving screening.

Cocaine is one of the most abused illicit drugs, and its abuse damages the central nervous system and can even lead directly to death. Therefore, the development of simple, rapid and highly sensitive detection methods is crucial for the prevention and control of drug abuse, traffic accidents and crime. In this work, an electrochemical aptamer-based (EAB) sensor based on the low-temperature enhancement effect was developed for the direct determination of cocaine in bio-samples.

SPP1 promotes tumor progression in esophageal carcinoma by activating focal adhesion pathway.

Background: Recurrence and metastasis are the major obstacles affecting the therapeutic efficacy and clinical outcomes for patients with esophageal carcinoma (ESCA). Secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) is considered as a hub gene in ESCA and is negatively associated with disease-free survival (DFS) in ESCA. However, the exact roles and underlying mechanisms remain elusive.

Prevalence and associated factors of low bone mineral density in people living with HIV: a cross-sectional study.

Unlabelled: This study examined low bone mineral density (BMD) prevalence and associated factors among Chinese people living with HIV (PLWH), uncovering a persistent high BMD risk in older individuals, even after adjusting for age and body mass index (BMI). Notably, lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) therapy was linked to reduced BMD, highlighting the imperative need for regular BMD monitoring and interventions in older PLWH.

Purpose: HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy (ART) have been shown to contribute to lower BMD, resulting in an increased susceptibility to osteopenia and osteoporosis.

Hierarchical Gradients of Encoded Spatial and Sensory Information in the Neocortex Are Attenuated by Dorsal Hippocampal Lesions.

During navigation, the neocortex actively integrates learned spatial context with current sensory experience to guide behaviors. However, the relative encoding of spatial and sensorimotor information among cortical cells, and whether hippocampal feedback continues to modify these properties after learning, remains poorly understood. Thus, two-photon microscopy of male and female Thy1-GCaMP6s mice was used to longitudinally image neurons spanning superficial retrosplenial cortex and layers II-Va of primary and secondary motor cortices before and after bilateral dorsal hippocampal lesions.

CRF08_BC subtype is more prone to ART failure and new-generation NNRTI-resistance under long-term first-line ART.

Objective: To investigate the characteristics of drug resistance mutations (DRMs) and their contextual influence on drug susceptibility in CRF07_BC and CRF_08BC subtypes.

Methods: Patients with virological failure were genotyped using phylogenetic analysis. DRMs and susceptibility to antiretroviral drugs were analysed using the Stanford University HIV Drug Resistance Database.

Trends in and Risk Factors for Drug Resistance in in HIV-Infected Patients.

Trends in and risk factors for drug resistance in () in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with active tuberculosis were analyzed. The clinical data of and HIV-coinfected patients treated at the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center between 2010 and 2022 were collected. The diagnosis of tuberculosis was confirmed by solid or liquid culture.

SPDEF drives pancreatic adenocarcinoma progression via transcriptional upregulation of and activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is a notably aggressive malignancy with limited treatment options and an unfavorable prognosis for patients. We aimed to investigate molecular mechanisms by which Sam's pointed domain-containing ETS transcription factor (SPDEF) exerts effects on PAAD progression. We analyzed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and their integration with ETS family members using the The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, hence identifying SPDEF as a core gene in PAAD.

A silk-based hydrogel containing dexamethasone and lipoic acid microcrystals for local delivery to the inner ear.

Local drug delivery has been exploited recently to treat hearing loss, as this method can both bypass the blood-labyrinth barrier and provide sustained drug release. Combined drug microcrystals (MCs) offer additional advantages for sensorineural hearing loss treatment via intratympanic (IT) injection due to their shape effect and combination strategy. In this study, to endow viscous effects of hydrogels, nonspherical dexamethasone (DEX) and lipoic acid (LA) MCs were incorporated into silk fibroin (SF) hydrogels, which were subsequently administered to the tympanic cavity to investigate their pharmaceutical properties.

Accurate diagnosis and treatment of sacral meningeal cysts without spinal nerve root fibres: identifying leakage orificium using high-resolution spherical arbitrary-dimensional reconstructing magnetic resonance imaging.

Objective: This study aimed to develop an arbitrary-dimensional nerve root reconstruction magnetic resonance imaging (ANRR-MRI) technique for identifying the leakage orificium of sacral meningeal cysts (SMCs) without spinal nerve root fibres (SNRFs).

Methods: This prospective study enrolled 40 consecutive patients with SMCs without SNRFs between March 2021 and March 2022. Magnetic resonance neural reconstruction sequences were performed for preoperative evaluation.

Rapid nanomolar detection of Δ-tetrahydrocannabinol in biofluids via electrochemical aptamer-based biosensor.

Background: The fabrication of sensors capable of achieving rapid, sensitive, and highly selective detection of target molecules in complex fluids is key to realizing their real-world applications. For example, there is an urgent need in drugged driving roadside screening scenarios to develop a method that can be used for rapid drug detection and that avoids interference from the matrix in the sample. How to minimize the interference of complex matrices in biofluids at the electrode interface is the key to improve the sensitivity of the sensor.

ETS transcription factors regulate precise matrix metalloproteinase expression and follicle rupture in Drosophila.

Drosophila matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP2) is specifically expressed in posterior follicle cells of stage-14 egg chambers (mature follicles) and is crucial for the breakdown of the follicular wall during ovulation, a process that is highly conserved from flies to mammals. The factors that regulate spatiotemporal expression of MMP2 in follicle cells remain unknown. Here, we demonstrate crucial roles for the ETS-family transcriptional activator Pointed (Pnt) and its endogenous repressor Yan in the regulation of MMP2 expression.

Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal the Role of Phenylalanine Metabolism in the Maize Response to Stalk Rot Caused by .

Stalk rot is a prevalent disease of maize ( L.) that severely affects maize yield and quality worldwide. The ascomycete fungus spp.

Feasibility and safety of one-stage sacral laminoplasty with autologous sacral laminar reimplantation fixed by absorbable fixation clamps in direct microsurgical treatment of symptomatic sacral extradural spinal meningeal cysts.

Introduction: Sacral laminoplasty with titanium mesh and titanium screws can reduce symptomatic sacral extradural spinal meningeal cysts (SESMCs) recurrence and operation complications. However, due to a defect or thinning of the sacrum, the screws cannot be securely anchored and there are also problems with permanent metal implantation for titanium mesh and screws. We propose that sacral laminoplasty with absorbable clamps can provide rigid fixation even for a thinned or defected sacrum without leaving permanent metal implants.