Anti-NMDAR encephalitis presenting with persistent fever and meningitis and responding well to distinctive individualized first-line treatment: A case report.

Rationale: Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is an autoimmune encephalitis characterized by diverse neurological and psychiatric symptoms. It predominantly affects young women, particularly those with ovarian teratomas. However, cases without teratomas are also commonly reported, often exhibiting poorer treatment responses and higher relapse rates.

Quantitative assessments of white matter hyperintensities and plasma biomarkers can predict cognitive impairment and cerebral microbleeds in cerebral small vessel disease patients.

The objective of this study is to examine the efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features and peripheral blood biomarkers in assessing cognitive function in patients with cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD). A total of 58 CSVD patients were recruited. Six features of white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) were derived from MRI scans.

Systemic Administration of Neurotransmitter-Derived Lipidoids-PROTACs-DNA Nanocomplex Promotes Tau Clearance and Cognitive Recovery for Alzheimer's Disease Therapy.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) poses a significant burden on the economy and healthcare systems worldwide. Although the pathophysiology of AD remains debatable, its progression is strongly correlated with the accumulation of tau aggregates. Therefore, tau clearance from brain lesions can be a promising strategy for AD therapy.

A rare case report of bilateral vestibulopathy due to otosyphilis.

Rationale: Bilateral vestibulopathy is an important cause of imbalance. There are multiple etiologies of bilateral vestibulopathy (BVP), but reports of BVP due to otosyphilis are rare.

Patient Concerns: A 39-year-old male was referred to our medical center due to vertigo, persistent dizziness and gait disturbance for 2 months.

Exploring the Occurrence Mechanism and Early-Warning Model of Phlebitis Induced by Aescinate Based on Metabolomics in Cerebral Infarction Patients.

Objective: This study aims to explore the mechanism underlying the induction of phlebitis by aescinate and create an early-warning model of phlebitis based on metabolomics.

Methods: Patients with cerebral infarction enrolled had been treated with aescinate. Plasma samples were collected either before administration of aescinate, upon the occurrence of phlebitis, or at the end of treatment.

Optimizing vestibular neuritis management with modular strategies.

Objective: This study proposes a "modular management" approach for vestibular neuritis (VN) to reduce chronicization and improve patient prognosis. The approach involves multi-factor grading and hierarchical intervention and was found to be more effective than traditional treatment strategies.

Methods: This retrospective analysis compared two groups of VN patients from two medical institutions.

Cell primitive-based biomimetic nanomaterials for Alzheimer's disease targeting and therapy.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, which is not just confined to the older population. Although developments have been made in AD treatment, various limitations remain to be addressed. These are partly contributed by biological hurdles, such as the blood-brain barrier and peripheral side effects, as well as by lack of carriers that can efficiently deliver the therapeutics to the brain while preserving their therapeutic efficacy.

Biomaterials-based anti-inflammatory treatment strategies for Alzheimer's disease.

The current therapeutic drugs for Alzheimer's disease only improve symptoms, they do not delay disease progression. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new effective drugs. The underlying pathogenic factors of Alzheimer's disease are not clear, but neuroinflammation can link various hypotheses of Alzheimer's disease; hence, targeting neuroinflammation may be a new hope for Alzheimer's disease treatment.

Engineered mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles: A state-of-the-art multifunctional weapon against Alzheimer's disease.

With the increase of population aging, the number of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients is also increasing. According to current estimates, approximately 11% of people over 65 suffer from AD, and that percentage rises to 42% among people over 85. However, no effective treatment capable of decelerating or stopping AD progression is available.

Sleep Parameters and Plasma Biomarkers for Cognitive Impairment Evaluation in Patients With Cerebral Small Vessel Disease.

Objectives: Cognitive impairment caused by cerebrovascular disease accounts for more than half of vascular dementia. However, neuropsychological tests are limited by their subjectivity. Additional effective approaches to evaluate cognitive impairment in patients with cerebrovascular disease are necessary.

Nanoparticles-based anti-aging treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

Age is the strongest risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). In recent years, the relationship between aging and AD has been widely studied, with anti-aging therapeutics as the treatment for AD being one of the mainstream research directions. Therapeutics targeting senescent cells have shown improvement in AD symptoms and cerebral pathological changes, suggesting that anti-aging strategies may be a promising alternative for AD treatment.

Caregiver burden and its associated factors among family caregivers of persons with dementia in Shanghai, China: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: To assess the level of caregiver burden and factors associated with it among family caregivers of persons with dementia (PWD) living in communities of Shanghai, China.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Setting: Communities in Hongkou District of Shanghai, China.

WNK3-PER1 interactions regulate the circadian rhythm in the suprachiasmatic nucleus in rats.

PER1 is a core component of the internal time-keeping system. In the suprachiasmatic nucleus, it serves as the primary circadian pacemaker in mammalian brains. PER1 functions with other clock components to generate a feedback loop involving the transcriptional repression of gene expression to produce a circadian rhythm with an approximately 24-hour cycle.

[The efficacy of topiramate and flunarizine hydrochloride for prophylactic treatment of vestibular migraine].

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of topiramate and flunarizine hydrochloride in the prophylactic treatment of vestibular migraine prophylaxis. 47 patients with confirmed or probable vestibular migraine（VM） treated at the vertigo clinic of our neurology department from August 2020 to April 2021 were reviewed, and 42 patients were finally included. They were divided into topiramate group （n=22） and flunarizine hydrochloride group （n=20）.

Evaluation on Effectiveness of a New System as well as Analysis on Optimal Horizontal Eye Position for Vertical Video Head Impulse Test.

Objective: To compare the performances among three different systems for video head impulse test (vHIT), and to identify an optimal target angle for precisely evaluating the function of vertical semicircular canals in vHIT.

Methods: A two-center prospective study was done. Participants were sit 1.

Molecular Mediators of Estrogen Reduction-induced Otolith Shedding.

Objective: Previous study suggested that estradiol (E2) plays an important role in otolith shedding by regulating the expression of otoconin 90 (OC90). The purpose of this article is to provide further data on the effect and mechanism of E2 on the morphology of otolith.

Methods: The rats receiving bilateral ovariectomy (OVX) were used as animal models.

The Value of Subjective Visual Vertical in Diagnosis of Vestibular Migraine.

Objective: To study the value of the subjective visual vertical (SVV) in the diagnosis of vestibular migraine (VM).

Methods: This study recruited 128 VM patients and 64 age-matched normal subjects. We detected the SVV during the interval between attacks in both groups, in sitting upright, and the head tilted at 45° to the left or right.

Recent Progress Towards Vaccines and Antibody-based Therapies Against Alzheimer's Disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD), one of the progressive neurodegenerative disorders, is characterized by clinical features such as memory loss, acquired skill loss, apraxia, and interpersonal and social communication disorders. The AD hallmarks at the neuropathological level include intracellular neurofibrillary tangles constituted by the hyperphosphorylated tau protein as well as the senile extracellular plaques dominated by the amyloid-β (Aβ) deposits. At present, AD treatment that mainly targeted towards improving symptoms and effective drugs to delay or stop disease progression is lacking.

Memantine ameliorates cognitive deficit in AD mice via enhancement of entorhinal-CA1 projection.

Background: Memantine, a low- to moderate-affinity uncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, has been shown to improve cognitive functions in animal models of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here we treated APP/PS1 AD mice with a therapeutic dose of memantine (20 mg/kg/day) and examined its underlying mechanisms in ameliorating cognitive defects.

Methods: Using behavioral, electrophysiological, optogenetic and morphology approaches to explore how memantine delay the pathogenesis of AD.