[Blood cadmium level and the change of cadmium exposure risk in Chinese urban school-age children in 2002 and 2012].

Objective: To investigate the blood cadmium concentrations and the related change in Chinese urban children derived from the China Nutrition and Health Survey 2002 and 2012(CNHS 2002 and CNHS 2012).

Methods: The Chinese urban children aged 6-11 years were selected according to gender, age and regional distribution using the multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method, as well as the corresponding whole blood samples. The blood cadmium concentration was carefully determined by the quadrupole inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS) and the percentage of blood cadmium over 2 μg/L was subsequently estimated.

Re-exploration of dietary iodine intake in Chinese adult males using a modified iodine balance study.

There is still controversy about optimal dietary iodine intake as the Universal Salt Iodization policy enforcement in China. A modified iodine balance study was thus conducted to explore the suitable iodine intake in Chinese adult males using the iodine overflow hypothesis. In this study, thirty-eight apparently healthy males (19·1 (sd 0·6) years) were recruited and provided with designed diets.

The Time Trend of Blood Lead and Cadmium Levels in Rural Chinese Children: China Nutrition and Health Survey 2002 and 2012.

This study was to investigate blood lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) levels and time trend in rural Chinese children derived from the China Nutrition and Health Survey 2002 and 2012 (CNHS 2002, CNHS 2012). In total, 1698 and 1581 of rural Chinese children were selected from the CNHS 2002 and the CNHS 2012 databases, respectively. The blood Pb and Cd levels were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), whilst the prevalence of blood Pb levels >5 µg/dL and blood Cd levels >0.

Exploration of the lower threshold of iodine intake in Southern Chinese young adults based on 'overflow theory' in an iodine balance study.

Background: Appropriate iodine intake for adults is essential to reduce the prevalence of thyroid diseases, but there is little research data on iodine requirement of Chinese population. This study aimed to explore the iodine requirement of young adults to maintain a healthy status based on 'overflow theory'.

Methods: Iodine-balance experiment has been performed in this project.

Vitamin D Nutritional Status of Chinese Pregnant Women, Comparing the Chinese National Nutrition Surveillance (CNHS) 2015-2017 with CNHS 2010-2012.

Optimal vitamin D (vitD) status is beneficial for both pregnant women and their newborns. The aim of this study was to evaluate the vitamin D status of Chinese pregnant women in the latest China Nutrition and Health Surveillance (CNHS) 2015-2017, analyze the risk factors of vitamin D deficiency (VDD), and compare them with those in CNHS 2010-2012. Serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was measured by ELISA method.

Physiologic requirement for iron in pregnant women, assessed using the stable isotope tracer technique.

Background: Knowledge of the physiologic requirement for iron, the core index for the formulation of a dietary reference intake (DRI), is of great importance for the health of a pregnant woman and her fetus, and can help a mother accurately plan her iron supplementation. However, direct measurements of the physiologic requirement for iron during pregnancy are still lacking.

Method: Eleven women of reproductive age from Hebei Province, China, who planned to become pregnant in the near future, were enrolled between January and March 2015 and included in the final analysis.

Physiological requirements for iron in women of reproductive age assessed by the stable isotope tracer technique.

Background: Iron nutrition is important for the health of women of reproductive age, and defining the physiologic requirement for iron can help them accurately plan the iron intake. However, research on the physiologic requirement for iron in women is insufficient worldwide. This study aimed to further improve the methodology and get more precise data for the physiological requirements for iron in women of reproductive age on the basis of our previous study.

Bioavailability and incorporation of nonheme iron from a representative Chinese diet in young urban Chinese women.

Background And Objectives: This study assessed the bioavailability and biological incorporation of nonheme iron from staple food diets in healthy young urban Chinese women and determined the relevant effects of typical regional patterns of staple foods in South and North China.

Methods And Study Design: Twenty-two young urban Chinese women aged 20-23 years were enrolled and randomly allocated to two groups, with rice (rice group) and steamed buns (steamed buns group) as the staple food, respectively. Each participant received three meals daily containing approximately 3.

The dietary transition and its association with cardiometabolic mortality among Chinese adults, 1982-2012: a cross-sectional population-based study.

Background: Few studies have used nationally representative data to describe dietary trends and the related cardiometabolic mortality burden in China. Thus, we aimed to characterise the trends in disease-related dietary factors as well as their associated disease burden among Chinese adults from 1982 to 2012.

Methods: For this cross-sectional population-based study, we analysed a nationally representative sample of 204 802 adults aged 20 years or older, using data from the 1982, 1992, 2002, and 2010-12 China National Nutrition Surveys (CNNS).

Prevalence of Anemia in Chinese Children and Adolescents and Its Associated Factors.

In this study, we assessed the hemoglobin levels and anemia status of Chinese children and adolescents from the Chinese National Nutrition and Health Survey (CNNHS) in 2010⁻2012 and analyzed the factors associated with anemia. The hemoglobin concentration and prevalence of anemia for children and adolescents aged 6⁻17 years from both CNNHS 2010⁻2012 and CNNHS 2002 were analyzed. Multi-variable logistic regression analysis was used to assess the factors associated with anemia.

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Anemia in Non-pregnant Childbearing Women from the Chinese Fifth National Health and Nutrition Survey.

Anemia is a public health issue for developing countries, especially for women of childbearing age. The aim of this study was to assess the anemia status and analyze the risk factors for anemia in Chinese childbearing women aged 18-49 years. Hemoglobin concentration was measured by the HiCN method in the Fifth Chinese National Nutrition and Health Survey (CNNHS) in 2010-2012.

Basal energy expenditure, resting energy expenditure and one metabolic equivalent (1 MET) values for young Chinese adults with different body weights.

Background And Objectives: Accurately assessing energy expenditure (EE) of people with different body weight is essential to facilitate weight management. The aim of this study was to measure basal energy expenditure (BEE), resting energy expenditure (REE) and to explore the true 1 MET value for young Chinese adults with different body weight.

Methods And Study Design: A total of 251 young Chinese adults were divided into three groups: the normal weight group, the overweight group and the obese group.

[Thyroid function for Chinese pregnant women in 2010-2012].

Objective: To evaluate thyroid function and iodine nutritional status for pregnant women from various regions of China by determining plasma levels of thyrotrophin( TSH), free triiodothyronine( FT3), and free thyroxine( FT4).

Methods: Plasma samples were obtained from pregnant women that participated in the 2010-2012 China National Nutrition and Health Survey. Plasma levels of TSH, FT3, and FT4 were determined by using an automated chemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer.

[Assessment of iodine nutritional status for pregnant women using adjusted urine creatinine from spot and 24-hour urine].

Objective: To establish a reliable method of iodine nutritional assessment for pregnant women using the adjusted urinary creatinine of spot urine and 24-hour urine samples.

Methods: The spot urine in the morning at 8 00-11:30 and the following 24-hour urine samples of pregnant women were collected in Peking Union Medical College Hospital during March to October in 2016. The urinary iodine and urinary creatinine concentrations were determined.

[Relationship of diabetes mellitus in older Han adults in China with leptin receptor gene rs1137100 and rs1137101 polymorphrism].

Objective: To explore the relationship of diabetes in older Han adults with leptin receptor gene rs1137100 and rs1137101 single nucleotide polymorphism( SNP).

Methods: A total of 511 older Han adults were selected for this study and divided into diabetes and control groups, with 241 and 270 people in each group. The genotypes of rs1137100 and rs1137101 and the allele frequency were determined by Taqman method.

[Serum vitamin D levels of Chinese rural women of childbearing age in 2010-2012].

Objective: To obtain the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D status for women of child-bearing age aged 18-44 years from rural areas in China Health and Nutrition Survey2010-2012( CHNS 2010-2012).

Methods: We randomly selected the 1520 representative women of childbearing age from the 75 monitoring spots derived in the CNHS 2010-2012. The information of study population were collected using questionnaires and the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration was determinedusing the RIA kits.

[Serum retinol concentrations of Chinese rural elderly residents in 2010-2012].

Objective: To assess the vitamin A status of Chinese rural elderly population by analyzing the serum retinol levels of Chinese rural elderly residents in 2010-2012.

Methods: Data were from the Chinese National Nutrition and Health Survey in2010-2012. Using the multistage stratified cluster sampling method, serum samples from the elderly residents aged above 60 years old( including), were obtained from 45 general rural and 30 poor rural.

[Vitamin A nutritional status of Chinese rural fertile women in 2010-2012].

Objective: To evaluate nutritional status of vitamin A( VA) among Chinese rural fertile women in 2010-2012.

Methods: A multi-stage stratified sampling and population proportional stratified random sampling method was used and the participants of rural fertile women who were 18-44 years old and had completed personal information data during the 2010-2012 National Nutrition and Health Survey were included( n = 1279). The level of serum retinol, rate of VA marginal deficiency anddeficiency among the fertile women were analyzed.

[Vitamin A nutritional status of Chinese rural children and adolescents in 2010-2012].

Objective: To analysis the vitamin A nutritional status of 6-to 17-year-old children and adolescents between 2010-2012 in rural China.

Methods: Based on the China Health and Nutrition Survey 2010-2012 project, the serum vitamin A samples of children and adolescents from survey sites of rural area were selected by random sampling method, and 5888 cases of samples were detected using the high performance liquid chromatography method to evaluate their vitamin A nutritional status.

Results: The serum retinol concentration of children and adolescents in rural area was( 1.

Iron physiological requirements in Chinese adults assessed by the stable isotope labeling technique.

Background: Iron is a kind of essential trace mineral in the human body, while the studies on its physiological requirement are very limited recently, especially in China. And most studies were performed with the radioisotope tracer technique, which was harmful to health. This study aimed to first get the value of iron physiological requirements in Chinese adults assessed by the stable isotope labeling technique.

Modulation of the Fecal Microbiota in Sprague-Dawley Rats Using Genetically Modified and Isogenic Corn Lines.

This study investigated the composition and proportions of fecal microbiota in Sprague-Dawley rats after consuming two genetically modified (GM) corn lines in comparison with the isogenic corn and the AIN93G standard feed for 10 weeks using bar-coded 16S rRNA gene sequencing. As a result, GM corn did not significantly alter the overall health and alpha-diversity of fecal microbiota. Fecal microbiota structures could be separated into noncorn and corn but not non-GM and GM corn subgroups.

Vitamin D Nutritional Status and its Related Factors for Chinese Children and Adolescents in 2010-2012.

Vitamin D plays a critical role in calcium and phosphate metabolism and helps maintain skeletal integrity in childhood, yet vitamin D status in Chinese children and adolescents is not well documented. The aim of this study was to assess the vitamin D status and analyze the risk factors for vitamin D deficiency in Chinese children and adolescents aged 6-17 years. Serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was measured with a radioimmunoassay kit in 15,000 children and adolescent participants in the Chinese national nutrition and health survey (CNNHS) 2010-2012.

Reference Values of 14 Serum Trace Elements for Pregnant Chinese Women: A Cross-Sectional Study in the China Nutrition and Health Survey 2010-2012.

The development of reference values of trace elements is recognized as a fundamental prerequisite for the assessment of trace element nutritional status and health risks. In this study, a total of 1400 pregnant women aged 27.0 ± 4.

Prevalence of Anemia among Chinese Rural Residents.

This paper presents an analysis of the level of blood hemoglobin and the rates of anemia in Chinese rural residents in the 2010-2012 National Nutrition and Health Survey, and the change in its prevalence in rural residents during the last ten years. Our methodology included data from the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance in 2010-2012, where samples were selected through the method of probability proportion to size. The study objects were from 150 sites in provinces, autonomous regions, or municipalities in China.