A one-step and solvent-free strategy for high lignin-containing polyurethane elastomers with excellent mechanical and shape memory performance.

Lignin, a renewable and biodegradable polymer, offers a promising alternative to petroleum-based polyols for polyurethane elastomer synthesis. However, its complex structure poses challenges, such as poor dispersibility and reactivity. This study introduces a novel one-step and solvent-free method for synthesizing lignin-containing polyurethane elastomers (SF-LPUes-ONE) with a high lignin substitution rate of at least 30 wt%.

Immune and physiological responses in to ammonia-N stress: a multi-omics approach.

Ammonia-N stress is a significant environmental factor that adversely affects the health and productivity of aquaculture species. This study investigates the effects of ammonia-N stress on the shrimp through a combination of biochemical, histological, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses. Shrimp were exposed to ammonia-N stress for 12 and 96 hours, and key markers of oxidative stress, nitrogen metabolism, immune response, and overall health were assessed.

The Cathode-Electrolyte Interface Constructed with Antioxidant Ascorbic Acid Guides LNMO to Achieve Stable Cycling Under High Voltage Conditions.

LiNiMnO (LNMO) is considered one of the most promising cathode materials for high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, free-radical-induced carbonate electrolyte decomposition is a key factor hindering the improvement of battery stability. Inspired by the antioxidative properties of ascorbic acid (AA) in scavenging free radicals, the addition of AA during the electrode fabrication process can effectively terminate free radical chain reactions within the cycling of LNMO.

Plasmon-Enhanced Optoelectronic Graded Neurons for Dual-Waveband Image Fusion and Motion Perception.

Motion recognition based on vision detectors requires the synchronous encoding and processing of temporal and spatial information in wide wavebands. Here, the dual-waveband sensitive optoelectronic synapses performing as graded neurons are reported for high-accuracy motion recognition and perception. Wedge-shaped nanostructures are designed and fabricated on molybdenum disulfide (MoS) monolayers, leading to plasmon-enhanced wideband absorption across the visible to near-infrared spectral range.

Longitudinal assessment of peripheral organ metabolism and the gut microbiota in an APP/PS1 transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.

JOURNAL/nrgr/04.03/01300535-202510000-00028/figure1/v/2024-11-26T163120Z/r/image-tiff Alzheimer's disease not only affects the brain, but also induces metabolic dysfunction in peripheral organs and alters the gut microbiota. The aim of this study was to investigate systemic changes that occur in Alzheimer's disease, in particular the association between changes in peripheral organ metabolism, changes in gut microbial composition, and Alzheimer's disease development.

Weakly supervised chest X-ray abnormality localization with non-linear modulation and foreground control.

Chest X-ray is widely used to diagnose lung diseases. Due to the demand for accelerating analysis and interpretation to reduce the workload of radiologists, there has been a growing interest in building automated systems of chest X-ray abnormality localization. However, fully supervised methods usually require well-trained radiologists to annotate bounding boxes manually, which is labor-intensive and time-consuming.

Simulation study of the conformation and dynamics of substrate-supported ring and linear polymer films.

The effects of chain topology on the conformational and dynamic properties of substrate-supported ring and linear polymer films were investigated by molecular dynamics simulations. The study reveals that the adsorbed ring polymer chains exhibit stronger adsorbability but less deformation than the linear ones. This results in a slower desorption of ring chains in a short time.

[Expression of circRNA_051778 in Lung Adenocarcinoma-Associated Malignant and Tuberculous Pleural Effusions and Its Clinical Significance].

Objective: To investigate the expression and clinical significance of circular RNA (circRNA) 051778 in lung adenocarcinoma-malignant pleural effusion (LA-MPE) and tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE).

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. A total of 212 patients were recruited from the Jiangxi Chest Hospital between October 2018 and September 2019, and their pleural effusion samples and/or plasma samples were collected.

Functional and evolutionary analysis of key enzymes triacylglycerol lipase, glycogen hydrolases in the glycerol and glucose biosynthesis pathway and cellular chaperones for freeze-tolerance of the Rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis.

Freeze-tolerance is an important physiological trait for terrestrial environmental adaptation and intraspecific geographic-lineage diversification in ectothermic animals, yet there remains a lack of systematic studies on its underlying genetic mechanisms and evolution. To address this problem, we employed the widely distributed rice pest, the Chilo suppressalis, as a model to explore the genetic mechanisms and evolutionary history of freeze-tolerance. First, we systematically characterized its antifreeze mechanisms by performing functional validation of potential key genes in laboratory-reared lines.

A Comprehensive Assessment of Nutritional Value, Antioxidant Potential, and Genetic Diversity in from Three Different Populations.

Due to its high tolerance to salinity and temperature, as well as its strong adaptability, holds an important position in the Chinese aquaculture industry. However, studies on the evaluation of its germplasm resources remain insufficient. This research conducted an in-depth comparative evaluation of from three representative farming regions in China: Sanya, Zhuhai, and Raoping.

Dynamics of Polymer Films on Polymer-Grafted Substrates: A Molecular Dynamics Simulation.

For substrate-supported polymer films, the tails of adsorbed chains are generally assumed to play important roles in the propagation of the substrate's effect inside polymer films. The effects of the grafting density and the rigidity of substrate-grafted polymers, the simplest model for the adsorbed tails, on the diffusivity of film polymers are investigated by performing molecular dynamics simulations. An optimal grafting density σ, around the critical grafting density for the transition from "mushroom" to "brush", is found with the most pronounced suppression of diffusivity on the film polymers; i.

Comparative Study of Nutritional Composition, Physiological Indicators, and Genetic Diversity in from Different Aquaculture Populations.

This study aimed to evaluate the quality and genetic diversity of farmed across three distinct populations from Maoming City (MM), Zhanjiang City (ZJ), and Yangjiang City (YJ) in Guangdong Province. Muscle tissues from were analyzed for phenotypic traits, conventional nutrients, amino acids, and fatty acids, while genetic diversity was assessed using whole genome sequencing techniques. The analysis revealed that the crude protein content in shrimp across the three populations ranged from 20.

Monolithic Integration of Full-Color Microdisplay Screen with Sub-5 µm Quantum-Dot Pixels.

Monolithic integration of color-conversion materials onto blue-backlight micro-light-emitting-diodes (micro-LEDs) has emerged as a promising strategy for achieving full-color microdisplay devices. However, this approach still encounters challenges such as the blue-backlight leakage and the poor fabrication yield rate due to unsatisfied quantum dot (QD) material and fabrication process. Here, the monolithic integration of 0.

Allostatic load in rat model: An efficient tool for evaluating and understanding aging.

Aim: Aging and age-related diseases are an ever-increasing social and public health problem. Allostatic load (AL) shows great potential as an interdisciplinary tool for assessing the aging of human beings but as yet lacks investigation in animal models which is our study focus at.

Methods: Here a continuous study of AL was conducted on naturally aging rats.

Effect of amino acids on the formation and distribution of volatile aldehydes in high oleic sunflower oil during frying.

This research aims to assess the effect of amino acids as lipid antioxidants in reducing the formation of volatile aldehydes in frying oil. Methionine, histidine, and glycine at concentrations of 2.5, 5, and 10 mM were added to high oleic sunflower oil (HOSO) to investigate their effects on the distribution and formation of saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated volatile aldehydes.

A novel chlorin derivative Shengtaibufen (STBF) mediated photodynamic therapy combined with iodophor for the treatment of chronic superficial leg wounds infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: A retrospective clinical study.

Objective: Chronic wounds are costly and difficult to treat, resulting in morbidity and even mortality in some cases due to a high methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) burden contributing to chronicity. We aimed to observe the antimicrobial activity and healing-promoting effect of a novel photosensitizer Shengtaibufen (STBF)-mediated antibacterial photodynamic therapy (PDT) on MRSA-infected chronic leg ulcers.

Patients And Methods: This was a retrospective, comparative, single-center clinical study.

A novel strategy for recovery of heavy metals and synthesis of Co-rich alloy from the alkali-treated tungsten residue using photovoltaic silicon kerf waste.

The treatment of spent cemented carbides using the conventional alkali-acid leaching process results in the generation of hazardous solid waste tungsten leaching residue. This study proposed an alternative process using the alkali-treated tungsten leaching residue (AW-residue) without the acid leaching step, preserving Co in the residue. By using photovoltaic silicon kerf waste (SKW) as a reducing agent, heavy metals (Co, Ni, W, Nb, and Ta) were efficiently extracted from AW-residue and a Co-rich alloy was obtained.

Variation of the Tegmen and Cercus in (Orthoptera: Acrididae: Melanoplinae) with Proposal of a New Synonym.

Intraspecific variation is ubiquitous from individual traits to population level and plays an important role in a variety of fields. However, it is often ignored by systematists and comparative evolutionary biologists. In view of the limited knowledge of intraspecific variation, morphology-based identification has hindered the recognition of species borders and led to a great number of problems in the field of taxonomy and systematics.

Effects of Different Salinity Stress on the Transcriptomic Responses of Freshwater Crayfish (, Girard, 1852).

Salinization of freshwater ecosystems is a pressing global issue. Changes in salinity can exert severe pressure on aquatic animals and jeopardize their survival. is a valuable freshwater aquaculture species that exhibits some degree of salinity tolerance, making it an excellent research model for freshwater aquaculture species facing salinity stress.

Unveiling the Twisted Aromatic Donor Effect on the Nonlinear Response of D-π-A Type Malononitrile-Derived Chromophores.

This study presents the design, synthesis, and comprehensive characterization of a novel series of D-π-A type malononitrile-derived chromophores, BTC-1-BTC-4. Combining various spectroscopic techniques, nonlinear Z-scan measurements, and quantum chemical calculations, we revealed the intricate relationship between nonlinear optical properties and the interplay of molecular structure, intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), and dipole moments (μ). Our experimental and computational findings corroborate that the polarization degree in the ground state, the charge separation in the excited state and twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) collectively dictate the nonlinear optical properties of the compounds.

Coordinated molecular and ecological adaptations underlie a highly successful parasitoid.

The success of an organism depends on the molecular and ecological adaptations that promote its beneficial fitness. Parasitoids are valuable biocontrol agents for successfully managing agricultural pests, and they have evolved diversified strategies to adapt to both the physiological condition of hosts and the competition of other parasitoids. Here, we deconstructed the parasitic strategies in a highly successful parasitoid, , which parasitizes a broad range of hosts, including the globally invasive species .

Microstructure-Assisted Wafer-Scale Fabrication of Perovskite Microlaser Arrays.

All inorganic lead halide perovskites exhibit fascinating optical and optoelectronic characteristics for on-chip lasing, but the lack of precise control of wafer-scale fabrication for perovskite microstructure arrays restricts their potential applications in on-chip-integrated devices. In this work, a microstructure-template assisted crystallization method is demonstrated via a designed chemical vapor deposition process, achieving the controllable fabrication of homogeneous perovskite micro-hemispheroid (PeMH) arrays spanning the entire surface area of a 4-inch wafer. Benefiting from the low-loss whispering gallery resonance and plasmon-enhanced light-matter interactions in well-confined hybrid cavities, this CsPbX/Ag (X = Cl, Br) plasmonic microlasers exhibit quite low thresholds below 10 µJ cm.

Metabolic shifts during coffee consumption refresh the immune response: insight from comprehensive multiomics analysis.

Coffee, a widely consumed beverage, has shown benefits for human health but lacks sufficient basic and clinical evidence to fully understand its impacts and mechanisms. Here, we conducted a cross-sectional observational study of coffee consumption and a 1-month clinical trial in humans. We found that coffee consumption significantly reshaped the immune system and metabolism, including reduced levels of inflammatory factors and a reduced frequency of senescent T cells.

Asiatic acid induces ferroptosis of RA-FLS via the Nrf2/HMOX1 pathway to relieve inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis.

Background: Ferroptosis is a distinct iron-dependent non-apoptotic type of programmed cell death that is implicated in the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Although asiatic acid (AA) is documented to have significant anti-inflammatory effects in various diseases, it is not known whether it can regulate RA via ferroptosis.

Methods: The effects of AA on rheumatoid arthritis fibroid-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS) were assessed in vitro, and a rat model of type II collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) was established to evaluate the effectiveness of AA treatment in vivo.