Natural killer cell-derived exosome-based cancer therapy: from biological roles to clinical significance and implications.

Natural killer (NK) cells are important immune cells in the organism and are the third major type of lymphocytes besides T cells and B cells, which play an important function in cancer therapy. In addition to retaining the tumor cell killing function of natural killer cells, natural killer cell-derived exosomes cells also have the characteristics of high safety, wide source, easy to preserve and transport. At the same time, natural killer cell-derived exosomes are easy to modify, and the engineered exosomes can be used in combination with a variety of current cancer therapies, which not only enhances the therapeutic efficacy, but also significantly reduces the side effects.

Engineered exosomes in emerging cell-free therapy.

The discovery and use of exosomes ushered in a new era of cell-free therapy. Exosomes are a subgroup of extracellular vesicles that show great potential in disease treatment. Engineered exosomes.

Generation and characterization of PBMCs-derived human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line SDQLCHi050-A from a healthy donor.

The human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line SDQLCHi050-A was derived from the PBMCs of a healthy 5-year-old male child. The karyotyping, pluripotency, and trilineage differentiation characteristics were verified in the SDQLCHi050-A line.

Generation and characterization of PBMCs-derived human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line SDQLCHi051-A from an autism spectrum disorder patient with compound CHD8 gene mutations.

CHD8 mutation is a case of genetic related autism spectrum disorder(ASD), In our research, We describe here the derivation of the iPSC line SDQLCHi051-A from a patient with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) due to two heterozygote mutations (c.6728G > A and c.3876 T > G) in the CHD8 gene.

Mechanical Characterization and Constitutive Modeling of Nano-Stabilized Soil under Uniaxial Compression.

The stress-strain constitutive model under uniaxial compression is a basic element and important characterization method for determining physical and mechanical properties in cement-based materials research. In this study, a stress-strain constitutive model under uniaxial compression was established, which was based on a new nano-stabilized soil (NSS) through typical mechanical tests and constitutive relationship research. The results indicate that the unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of the nano-stabilized soil was enhanced with the increase in curing period and nano-stabilizer dosage, and that the strength growth rate reaches the maximum at a 12% dosage in the tested samples.

Transcription-wide impact by RESCUE-induced off-target single-nucleotide variants in mammalian cells.

RNA base editing is a promising tool in precise molecular therapy. Currently, there are two widely used RNA base editors, REPAIR and RESCUE. REPAIR only facilitates A-to-I conversions, while RESCUE performs both A-to-I and C-to-U conversions.

IKKα kinase silencing increases doxorubicin-induced apoptosis through regulation of oxidative DNA damage response in colon cancer cells.

The inhibitor of kappa B kinase alpha (IKKα) is demonstrated to be involved in the various aspects of cancer biology, from its initiation, to progression, metastasis, and drug resistance. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of IKKα in doxorubicin (DOX)-mediated induction in apoptosis in SW-480 colon cancer cells. Cells were transfected with siRNA against IKKα and treated with DOX.

Influence of Biochar on Soil Nutrients and Associated Rhizobacterial Communities of Mountainous Apple Trees in Northern Loess Plateau China.

Biochar application can enhance soil health and alter soil bacterial community structure. However, knowledge relating to biochar on soil nutrients of mountainous apple orchards and then assessing its effect on soil health, especially on soil microorganisms, is still scanty. Therefore, we evaluated the responses of six biochar treatments [Ck (0), T1 (2), T2 (4), T3 (6), T4 (8), and T5 (10) Mg hm] with a basal dose of chemical fertilizer on the soil nutrients under potted apple trees across 3, 6, 9, and 12 months, and then investigated the responses of the rhizobacterial communities.

Developing PspCas13b-based enhanced RESCUE system, eRESCUE, with efficient RNA base editing.

RNA base editing is potential for cellular function research and genetic diseases treating. There are two main RNA base editors, REPAIR and RESCUE, for in vitro use. REPAIR was developed by fusing inactivated Cas13 (dCas13) with the adenine deaminase domain of ADAR2, which efficiently performs adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing.

ecRESCUE: a novel ecDHFR-regulated RESCUE system with reduced RNA off-targeting activity.

The currently available RESCUE RNA base editing system demonstrates considerable potential for the treatment of genetic diseases at the transcriptional level. However, the relatively high incidence of off-target events hampers the precise RNA editing, thereby limiting its use in the clinical setting. This study describes a new RNA base editing method, named ecRESCUE, which utilizes inducible stabilization of the protein ecDHFR DD fused at the C-terminal of the original RESCUE system.

Genome-Wide Association Identifies Risk Pathways for SAPHO Syndrome.

SAPHO syndrome is a rare chronic inflammatory disease which is characterized by the comprehensive manifestations of bone, joint, and skin. However, little is known about the pathogenesis of SAPHO syndrome. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 49 patients and 121 control subjects have primarily focused on identification of common genetic variants associated with SAPHO, the data were analyzed by classical multiple logistic regression.

Amelioration of muscular spasm-induced pain of Guangtongxiao recipe in a non-everted gut sac in vitro model.

Background: The modern study of the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) compound recipes is a complex issue because of the large number of components in the recipes that would produce several metabolites after entering the body. The TCM compound recipes are known to have the advantage of synergistic treatment by multiple targets due to diverse components. Therefore, a research method that can reflect the overall effect of compounds with multi-components is essential.

A Study of Rainfall-Runoff Movement Process on High and Steep Slopes Affected by Double Turbulence Sources.

To increase the available land area, a large-scale land remediation campaign was carried out in the loess hilly and gully area. A large number of high and steep slopes have been produced in the construction of road engineering and water conservancy engineering, and these slopes will cause serious soil erosion under rainfall conditions. Because rainfall runoff is simultaneously affected by slope, bed surface and rainfall, the runoff movement characteristics are complex.

Profiling of the pattern of the human TRB/IGH-CDR3 repertoire in primary biliary cholangitis patients.

Introduction: Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is characterized by lymphocyte cell-induced immune destruction of cholangiole. However, the immunological characteristics of peripheral blood cells in PBC patients remain unknown. This study was designed to reveal the differences in the immunological characteristics between PBC patients and healthy adults.

Study on the Mechanism of Nano-SiO for Improving the Properties of Cement-Based Soil Stabilizer.

A new nano-soil stabilizer (N-MBER, Nanometer Material Becoming Earth into Rock) material was developed in this research by using the high activity and ultrafine properties of nano-SiO (NS), which were able to improve the properties of cement-based soil stabilizer and had broad application prospects. The results showed that (1) the strength of N-MBER obeyed a compound function relation with curing period and additive amount of NS. The relationship between strength and curing period obeyed an exponential function when the additive amount was constant.

Shifts of sediment transport regime caused by ecological restoration in the Middle Yellow River Basin.

Sediment in rivers is the dominant material source for ecosystems in lower reaches and estuaries, and it is undergoing large variations globally in recent decades. Though we have knowledge that human activities are greatly affecting land surface ecosystem processes and functions, the relationships between sediment transport regime and the intensifying human activities, are still poorly understood. This study was to investigate the changes of sediment transport regime due to the large-scale ecological restoration in the Middle Yellow River Basin (MYRB).

Association analysis of interleukin-23 receptor SNPs and SAPHO syndrome in Chinese people.

Objective: SAPHO syndrome (synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis) is an autoimmune disease of unknown etiology that seriously affects patients' daily lives. Family-based investigations support genetic contributions toward disease susceptibility. The present study evaluated whether the previously reported autoimmune disease-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have any genetic overlap with SAPHO syndrome.

Copy Number Variation of Multiple Genes in SAPHO Syndrome.

Objective: SAPHO (synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, osteitis) syndrome is a type of rare chronic aseptic inflammation of unknown etiology. To date, no research to our knowledge has reported copy number variation (CNV) of genes that could affect predisposition to SAPHO syndrome. We investigated the association between CNV profile and SAPHO syndrome.

Nitrate Accumulation and Leaching in Surface and Ground Water Based on Simulated Rainfall Experiments.

To evaluate the process of nitrate accumulation and leaching in surface and ground water, we conducted simulated rainfall experiments. The experiments were performed in areas of 5.3 m2 with bare slopes of 3° that were treated with two nitrogen fertilizer inputs, high (22.

Application of modified export coefficient method on the load estimation of non-point source nitrogen and phosphorus pollution of soil and water loss in semiarid regions.

Chinese Loess Plateau is considered as one of the most serious soil loss regions in the world, its annual sediment output accounts for 90 % of the total sediment loads of the Yellow River, and most of the Loess Plateau has a very typical characteristic of "soil and water flow together", and water flow in this area performs with a high sand content. Serious soil loss results in nitrogen and phosphorus loss of soil. Special processes of water and soil in the Loess Plateau lead to the loss mechanisms of water, sediment, nitrogen, and phosphorus are different from each other, which are greatly different from other areas of China.

Generation of scFv specific to human VEGFR-3 from the neutralizing mAb BDD073.

In our previous study, we have produced a neutralizing mAb of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR-3), specifically BDD073, which could inhibit angiogenesis in the CAM model. However, the clinical application of BDD073 is restricted due to its mouse origin, which might cause human anti-mouse antibody reactions. Herein, we generated functional recombinant single-chain variable fragments (scFv) from mAb BDD073 producing mouse hybridoma cells.

Modeling the impact of soil and water conservation on surface and ground water based on the SCS and Visual MODFLOW.

Soil and water conservation measures can impact hydrological cycle, but quantitative analysis of this impact is still difficult in a watershed scale. To assess the effect quantitatively, a three-dimensional finite-difference groundwater flow model (MODFLOW) with a surface runoff model-the Soil Conservation Service (SCS) were calibrated and applied based on the artificial rainfall experiments. Then, three soil and water conservation scenarios were simulated on the sand-box model to assess the effect of bare slope changing to grass land and straw mulching on water volume, hydraulic head, runoff process of groundwater and surface water.

Inhibition of angiogenesis by a novel neutralizing antibody targeting human VEGFR-3.

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR-3) is a receptor for the vascular endothelial growth factor C and D (VEGF-C and D) and plays a critical role in the development of embryonic vascular system and regulation of tumor lymphangiogenesis. In this report, we generated a novel panel of 17 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against human VEGFR-3 and determined their ability to inhibit the proliferation of human erythroleukemia (HEL) cells and angiogenesis of chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). Among these mAbs, BDD073 was demonstrated to inhibit the interaction of soluble VEGFR-3 with VEGF-D and the proliferation of HEL cells.

[Mechanisms of grass in slope erosion control in Loess sandy soil region of Northwest China].

By adopting the method of simulated precipitation and from the viewpoint of slope hydrodynamics, in combining with the analysis of soil resistance to erosion, a quantitative study was made on the mechanisms of grass in controlling the slope erosion in the cross area of wind-water erosion in Loess Plateau of Northwest China under different combinations of rainfall intensity and slope gradient, aimed to provide basis to reveal the mechanisms of vegetation in controlling soil erosion and to select appropriate vegetation for the soil and water conservation in Loess Plateau. The grass Astragalus adsurgens with the coverage about 40% could effectively control the slope erosion. This grass had an efficiency of more than 70% in reducing sediment, and the grass root had a greater effect than grass canopy.