Differences in the composition of plasma metabolites and intestinal flora of piglets with different weaning weights revealed by untargeted metabolomics and 16S rRNA gene sequencing.

Background: Piglets with different weaning body weights exhibit varying growth performance. This study explores the relationship between their plasma metabolites and gut microbiota to reveal differences in metabolic regulation and microbial composition.

Results: Plasma and colon content samples from piglets of different weaning weights were collected.

Parkin modulates the hepatocellular carcinoma microenvironment by regulating PD-1/PD-L1 signalling.

Introduction: Parkin-mediated mitophagy is essential for the clearance of damaged mitochondria, and it inhibits tumour development. The role of mitophagy in modulating tumour immunity is becoming clearer, but the underlying mechanism is still poorly understood.

Objective: This study was designed to examine the role for Parkin in the immune microenvironment of liver tumors induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl).

The gut microbiota mediates memory impairment under high-altitude hypoxia via the gut-brain axis in mice.

Hypoxia is a predominant risk factor at high altitudes, and evidence suggests that high-altitude hypoxia alters the gut microbiota, which plays an essential regulatory role in memory function. However, the causal relationship between the gut microbiota and memory impairment under hypoxic conditions remains unclear. In this study, we employed a high-altitude hypoxia model combined with fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) approach in mice to explore the effects of the gut microbiota on memory impairment in a hypoxic environment.

Long non-coding RNA CASC15 enhances learning and memory in mice by promoting synaptic plasticity in hippocampal neurons.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a debilitating systemic disorder that has a detrimental impact on the overall well-being of individuals. Emerging research suggests that long non-coding RNAs play a role in neural development and function. Nevertheless, the precise relationship between lncRNAs and Alzheimer's disease remains uncertain.

Sanggenol L Alleviates Rotenone-induced Parkinson's Disease and Inhibits Mitochondrial Complex I by Apoptosis Via P13K/AKT/mTOR Signalling.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is the age-associated, second most advanced neurodegenerative illness. Rotenone is an extensively used pesticide to study PD pathology and inhibits mitochondrial complex I. Reports indicate that rotenone exerts neurotoxicity by its capability to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), which eventually leads to neuronal apoptosis.

Neuroprotective effects of biogenic silver nanoparticles in Parkinson's disease: In vitro and in vivo study.

The study aimed to develop immunomodulatory silver nanoparticles (CHT-PCT/AgNPs) using a green chemistry approach with Umbilicaria esculenta (U.E.) extract to protect neurons from Parkinson's disease.

Strong Anisotropy and Giant Photothermoelectricity of 1D Alloy NbSeI-Based Photodetector for Ultrabroadband Light-Detection and Encryption Imaging Application.

Securing high-capacity and safe communication holds great potential for ushering in the new era of digital society. In this study, a wide-band photodetector based on the quasi-1D niobium selenide compounds (NbSeI), showing up photothermoelectric (PTE) dominated multiple synergistic effects with high responsivity across a wide wavelength range from deep-ultraviolet (254 nm) to terahertz (0.30 THz), providing an efficient strategy for high-capacity optical processing is introduced.

Combining network pharmacology, machine learning, molecular docking and molecular dynamic to explore the mechanism of Chufeng Qingpi decoction in treating schistosomiasis.

Background: Although the Chufeng Qingpi Decoction (CQD) has demonstrated clinical effectiveness in the treatment of schistosomiasis, the precise active components and the underlying mechanisms of its therapeutic action remain elusive. To achieve a profound comprehension, we incorporate network pharmacology, bioinformatics analysis, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations as investigative methodologies within our research framework.

Method: Utilizing TCMSP and UniProt, we identified formula components and targets.

Embolization and sclerotherapy for head and neck arteriovenous malformations with uncontrollable torrential bleeding.

Torrential bleeding is a rare and life-threatening complication of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs). We report a case of head and neck AVMs present with uncontrollable torrential bleeding, which was treated with embolization and sclerotherapy. Then we explored the potential multidisciplinary handling of the procedure for this kind of case.

The tumor suppressor Parkin exerts anticancer effects through regulating mitochondrial GAPDH activity.

Cancer cells preferentially utilize glycolysis for energy production, and GAPDH is a critical enzyme in glycolysis. Parkin is a tumor suppressor and a key protein involved in mitophagy regulation. However, the tumor suppression mechanism of Parkin has still not been elucidated.

The Tribological Properties of Novel Sulfoximine Derivatives as Lubricant Additives.

Introducing an additive is a practical approach to improve the lubrication performance of base oil in the field of tribology. Herein, a series of sulfoximine derivatives was synthesized and incorporated into base oil A51 as additives. The tribological properties of these lubricants were evaluated at both room and high temperatures, and the result demonstrated that they displayed excellent friction reduction and wear resistance in the friction process under both test conditions.

Facile synthesis of a novel CeCOOH@(H/C-CdS) catalyst with synergistic effect of heterophase junction and heterojunction for enhanced visible-light photocatalytic degradation efficiency at room temperature.

A new CeCOOH@(hexagonal/cubic phases-CdS) (CeCOOH@(H/C-CdS)) composite catalyst was facilely synthesized by a simple microinjection titration-stirring method, in which CdS nanoparticles were dispersed on the surface of CeCOOH nanolines. The optimal conditions for the preparation of composite catalysts with high photocatalytic performance were determined by single-factor experiments and response surface experiments. Under these conditions, the degradation rate of 30 mL 2.

Oxygen vacancy-rich K-MnO@CeO catalyst for efficient oxidation degradation of formaldehyde at near room temperature.

Synthesis of catalysts with high catalytic degradation activity for formaldehyde (HCHO) at room temperature is highly desirable for indoor air quality control. Herein, a novel K-MnO@CeO catalyst with excellent catalytic oxidation activity toward HCHO at near room temperature was reported. In particular, the K addition in K-MnO@CeO considerably enhanced the oxidation activity, and importantly, 99.

A miniaturized tunable optical attenuator with ultrawide bandwidth based on evanescent-field coupling between nanofibers.

We propose a novel miniaturized optical attenuator based on the evanescent-field coupling between two nanofibers. Benefiting from a wavelength-dependent waveguiding property of the coupled structure, a tunable attenuation with maximum extinction ratio of ~ 20 dB is demonstrated with an ultrawide optical bandwidth up to 0.7 μm in experiment.

The role of remifentanil in regulating mitochondrial autophagy in osteoclasts was investigated based on PINK1/Parkin pathway.

This study aimed to explore the regulatory effect of remifentanil-mediated mitochondrial autophagy on osteoclast formation and further investigate its mechanism. Macrophage cell line RAW264.7 was taken and induced to differentiate into mature osteoclasts using nuclear factor kB receptor activating factor ligand (RANKL).

Effects of potassium diformate on growth performance, apparent digestibility of nutrients, serum biochemical indices, and intestinal microflora in Cherry Valley ducks.

This study was performed to investigate the effects of potassium diformate (KDF) on growth performance, apparent digestibility of nutrients, serum biochemical indices, and intestinal microflora of Cherry Valley ducks. In total, 144 female healthy 1-day-old Cherry Valley ducks were divided into 3 groups with 6 replicates per group and 8 ducks per replicate according to the principle of similar body weight. The control group was fed a basic diet.

Associations of phosphorus concentrations with medial arterial calcification in lower-extremity arteries and diabetic foot in people with diabetes: a retrospective cross-sectional study.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of blood phosphorus levels with the risk of developing medial arterial calcification (MAC) in lower-limb arteries and diabetic foot (DF) in diabetes patients. We sought to enhance the understanding of the pathophysiology of diabetic complications and develop strategies to mitigate diabetes-related risks.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 701 diabetic patients from the Department of Endocrinology at Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital (2019-2023).

Retarded astrogliogenesis in response to hypoxia is facilitated by downregulation of CIRBP.

The adverse impacts of chronic hypoxia on maternal and infant health at high altitudes warrant significant attention. However, effective protective measures against the resultant growth restrictions and neurodevelopmental disorders in infants and young children are still lacking. This study investigated the neurodevelopment of mice offspring under hypoxic conditions by exposing pregnant mice to a hypobaric oxygen chamber that simulated the hypobaric hypoxia at an altitude of 4000 m until 28 days after delivery.

Secondary metabolites of mulberry leaves exert anti-lung cancer activity through regulating the PD-L1/PD-1 signaling pathway.

Lung cancer ranks the top of malignancies that cause cancer-related deaths worldwide. The leaves of L are traditional Chinese medicine widely applied in respiratory diseases. Our previous work has demonstrated the anti-lung cancer effect of secondary metabolites of mulberry leaf, but their mechanism of action has still not fully elucidated.

Acesulfame potassium triggers inflammatory bowel disease via the inhibition of focal adhesion pathway.

Acesulfame potassium (ACK) was generally regarded as innocuous and extensively ingested. Nevertheless, ACK has recently gained attention as a burgeoning pollutant that has the potential to induce a range of health hazards, particularly to the digestive system. Herein, we uncover that ACK initiates inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in mice and zebrafish, as indicated by the aggregation of macrophages in the intestine and the inhibition of intestinal mucus secretion.

Emodin nanocapsules inhibit acute pancreatitis by regulating lipid metabolic reprogramming in macrophage polarization.

Background: Emodin is a chemical compound found in traditional Chinese herbs. It possesses anti-inflammatory and many other pharmacological effects. Our previous study showed that emodin significantly alleviates the inflammation effect of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).

Loss of NAT10 alleviates maternal high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis in male offspring of mice.

Objective: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is becoming an escalating health problem in pediatric populations. This study aimed to investigate the role of N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10) in maternal high-fat diet (HFD)-induced MASLD in offspring at early life.

Methods: We generated male hepatocyte-specific NAT10 knockout (Nat10) mice and mated them with female Nat10 mice under chow or HFD feeding.