How do resource dependence and technological progress affect carbon emissions reduction effect of industrial structure transformation? Empirical research based on the rebound effect in China.

Under the guidance of carbon peak and carbon neutral targets, the industrial structure transformation is vital for carbon emissions reduction in China. However, there is a rebound effect of carbon emissions during the industrial structure transformation. Resource dependence and technological progress have significant impacts on industrial structure transformation and its carbon reduction effect.

Replication of association study between type 2 diabetes mellitus and IGF2BP2 in Han Chinese population.

Background: The association between IGF2BP2 and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been repeatedly confirmed among different ethnic populations. However, in several genome-wide association studies (GWAS) from the Chinese Han population, the gene IGF2BP2 has not been replicated. The results of relevant studies for the association between IGF2BP2 and T2DM showed controversy in Chinese Han population.

[Analysis of medication with hypertension by different glucose tolerance status].

Objective: To analyze the combination of hypertension and the use of antihypertensive drugs by different glucose tolerance status.

Methods: Matched case-control design was used to sample the subjects from the population for the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and metabolism syndrome from 2007 to 2008. There were 3 groups including normal glucose tolerance (NGT, n = 2124), impaired glucose regulation (IGR, n = 2162) and diabetes (DM, n = 2470).

[Ageing related changes of insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity among normal glucose tolerance individuals in China].

Objective: To explore the aging-related changes of insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity among normal glucose tolerance (NGT) individuals in China.

Methods: A total of 34 293 individuals were recruited. All of them were described as NGT by 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (75 g OGTT) according to the diagnostic criterion of WHO, 1999.

[The protection of islet β-cells in db/db mice by combination pioglitazone and glucagon like peptide-1 treatment].

Objectives: To evaluate the effect of combination of liraglutide, a glucagon-like peptide-1 analogue and pioglitazone, an insulin sensitizer, on diabetic db/db mice.

Methods: Thirty-five 8-week old male db/db mice were divided into control group (n = 8), pioglitazone group (n = 9), liraglutide group (n = 9) and combined therapeutic group (n = 9), which was given normal saline 0.1 ml, 2/d, pioglitazone 24 mg×kg(-1)×d(-1) (feed contained 0.

Sequence of fat partitioning and its relationship with whole body insulin resistance.

Background: Currently it is unclear whether lipid accumulation occurs in a particular sequence and its relationship with whole body insulin resistance (IR). This study aimed to answer this question.

Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were fed on a normal or a high-fat diet for 20 weeks.

[Effects of fenofibrate on the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated-gamma coactivator-1α in skeletal muscle of rats infused with intralipid].

Objective: To observe the effects of fenofibrate on the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated (PPAR)-gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) in skeletal muscle of rats with insulin resistance (IR) induced by elevated plasma free fatty acid (FFA) levels.

Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group (Con, infused with saline), lipid infusion group (FFA) and fenofibrate treatment plus lipid infusion group (F-FFA). Plasma glucose, insulin and FFA were measured.

Role and mechanism of uncoupling protein 2 on the fatty acid-induced dysfunction of pancreatic alpha cells in vitro.

Background: Uncoupling protein (UCP) 2 is related to the dysfunction of beta cells induced by fatty acids. However, whether UCP2 has similar effects on alpha cell is still not clear. This study aimed to investigate the effects of UCP2 and its possible mechanisms in lipotoxicity-induced dysfunction of pancreatic alpha cells.

[Relationship between oxidative stress and beta cell lipoapoptosis in rats].

Objective: To investigate the effect of beta cell lipoapoptosis after long term high-fat feeding in rats, and to investigate the relationship between oxidative stress, gene expression and beta cell lipoapoptosis.

Methods: Forty-one SD male rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: high-fat diet group (HF group) and control group (NC group). At the end of 28 weeks, the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutamylcysteinylglycine (GSH) in plasma and pancreatic tissue,the early-phase insulin secretion in beta cells, the beta cell apoptosis (TUNEL technology) and the uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) gene expression in islets were measured.

[Relationship between islet beta cell dysfunction and gene expression of uncoupling protein-2 and possible mechanism thereof].

Objective: To study the effects of high fat diet on the functions of islet beta cells and the role of uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2) therein and possible mechanism.

Methods: Forty SD rats were randomly divided into two equal groups: high-fat-(HF) diet group, fed with HF diet for 20 weeks, and normal diet control (NC) group, fed with normal diet. At the end of the twentieth week blood samples were collected from the heart to determine the serum fasting blood glucose (FBG) and fasting insulin (FINS), and plasma nitrotyrosine, malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutamylcysteinylglycine (GSH), indicators of oxidative stress.

[Effects of fenofibrate on gene expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 in liver and skeletal muscle and its influence on insulin sensitivity].

Objective: To study the effects of fenofibrate (FF), a peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) alpha activator, on the expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT-1) mRNA in liver and muscle and its influence on insulin sensitivity.

Methods: Thirty-two normal 8 week-old male SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: normal control group, fed with normal food for 3 weeks (NC group, n = 10), high fat diet group, fed with high fat food (HF group, n = 10), and high fat diet supplemented with FF group, fed with high fat food and given with gastric perfusion of FF (50 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)) (FF group, n = 12). Fast serum triglyceride (TG) level was tested by automatic biochemical analyzer after 8-10 h fasting.

[The mechanism of and relationship between lipid metabolism genes expression and insulin resistance in high fat-fed mice].

Objective: To observe the relationship between changes of genes expression related to lipid metabolism and insulin resistance induced by high fat diet in SD rats.

Methods: Normal 8-week old male SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups. They were fed with normal chow (NC, n = 10), high fat diet (HF, n = 10) and high fat diet supplemented with pioglitazone 15 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) (HP, n = 12).

[The relationship between islet alpha cell insulin resistance and inflammatory pathway activation and its mechanism].

Objective: To study the changes of inflammatory path molecules in the islet alpha cells in high-fat-diet fed plus beta cell-deleted rat models and the effects of pioglitazone intervention.

Methods: Forty five normal male SD rats, 8 week old, were randomly divided into 3 groups, i.e.

[Effect of lipid infusion on the function of islet beta cells and gene expression of insulin signal transduction system].

Objective: To study the changes and mechanism of the function of islet beta cells and insulin signal transduction molecules after lipid infusion.

Methods: Twenty five SD rats were randomly divided into 2 groups, FFA group and NS group. Catheters were implanted under pentobarbital anesthesia in the right atrium via the jugular vein and the left carotid artery.

[The expression of insulin signal transduction molecules and islet alpha cell insulin resistance].

Objective: To study the changes of insulin signal transduction molecules in islet alpha cells in high-fat-diet plus beta cell-deleting rat models and its underlying mechanism.

Methods: Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into 2 equal groups and fed with high-fat-diet (HF group) or normal diet (normal control group, NC group) respectively. At the end of twenty-week feeding, the fasting serum insulin (Ins), glucagon (Glc), free fatty acid (FFA), and triglyceride (TG were measured.

[Relationship between hepatic insulin resistance and the expression of genes involved in hepatic glucose output].

Objective: To study the relationship between hepatic insulin resistance induced by high fat diet and the expression of genes involving hepatic glucose output.

Methods: Normal 8-week-old male SD rats were randomly divided into two groups, i.e, normal chow group (NC, n = 10) and high fat diet group (HF, n = 10).

[Relationship between adipose phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and occurrence and reversion of insulin resistance].

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) gene and insulin resistance induced by high-fat diet and the effect of rosiglitazone, a thiazolidinedione drug.

Methods: Sixty-three normal 8-week-old male SD rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: short-term group, n = 33, to be fed for 8 weeks and re-divide into 3 equal subgroups: standard chow diet subgroup (NC subgroup fed with standard chow diet), high-fat diet subgroup (HF subgroup, to be fed with lard), and high-fat diet with rosiglitazone subgroup (HF + rosiglitazone subgroup); and long-term group, n = 30, to be fed for 28 weeks, and re-divided into 3 corresponding 3 subgroups: By the end of experiment, serum samples were collected to examine the blood glucose (BG), triglyceride (TG) and free fatty acid (FFA). At the end of the experiment the rats were killed and the visceral adipose tissue was taken out to be weighed, and the liver, muscle, and epididymis were isolated.

[The effect of high fat feeding and rosiglitazone intervention on pancreatic alpha cell in rats].

Objective: To observe the effect of high-fat diet and rosiglitazone intervention on the function of pancreatic alpha cell of SD rats.

Methods: 36 normal male SD rats, 8-week old, were randomly divided into 3 groups i.e.

[Electrical impedance spectroscopy method for measuring cold hardiness of plants].

Electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a method for measuring cold hardiness of plants. It has been widely used in the fields of agriculture, forestry and horticulture. In this paper the following aspects were introduced and discussed: (1) physical and physiological factors of impedance measurements in plants, (2) suitable models for measuring EIS, and (3) method for assessing cold hardiness by means of EIS.

[Impact of lowering the cut-point for impaired fasting glucose on the distribution of impaired glucose regulation subcategories in Chinese adult population].

Objective: To evaluate the impact of lowering of cut-point value for impaired fasting glucose (IFG) from 6.1 mmol/L to 5.6 mmol/L.

[Effects of rosiglitazone and metformin on insulin resistance in high-fat diet rats].

Objective: To observe the effects of rosiglitazone and metformin in rats on insulin resistance induced by high-fat diet.

Methods: Normal 8-week old male SD rats were divided into four groups. They were normal chow group (NC, n = 11), high-fat diet (HF, n = 11), metformin-treated (HF + Met, n = 11) and rosiglitazone-treated group (HF + Ros, n = 11).

[Glucocorticoid-induced diabetes in severe acute respiratory syndrome: the impact of high dosage and duration of methylprednisolone therapy].

Objective: Over-dose glucocorticoid was frequently used in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), the aim of the present study is to investigate the frequency and risk factors of corticosteroid-induced diabetes in this situation.

Methods: One hundred thirty-three cases of SARS admitted from May to June 2003 in our hospital were included in the study. Maximal dose, average daily dose, treatment course and fasting plasma glucose level (FPG) were recorded.