Vitamin D ameliorates adipose browning in chronic kidney disease cachexia.

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are often 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)D insufficient. We studied whether vitamin D repletion could correct aberrant adipose tissue and muscle metabolism in a mouse model of CKD-associated cachexia. Intraperitoneal administration of 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)D (75 μg/kg/day and 60 ng/kg/day respectively for 6 weeks) normalized serum concentrations of 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH)D in CKD mice.

Vitamin D repletion ameliorates adipose tissue browning and muscle wasting in infantile nephropathic cystinosis-associated cachexia.

Background: Ctns mice, a mouse model of infantile nephropathic cystinosis, exhibit hypermetabolism with adipose tissue browning and profound muscle wasting. Ctns mice are 25(OH)D and 1,25(OH) D insufficient. We investigated whether vitamin D repletion could ameliorate adipose tissue browning and muscle wasting in Ctns mice.

[Environmental risk factors for autism spectrum disorders in children].

Objective: To investigate the environmental risk factors for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in children.

Methods: In this case-control study, 81 boys with ASD, 74 boys with global developmental delay (GDD), and 163 healthy boys were enrolled. A self-designed nurturing environment questionnaire was used to record general demographic data, family social-economic status, parents' living habits and environmental exposure, maternal health status during pregnancy, birth situations, and rearing environment after birth.

Cachexia and protein-energy wasting in children with chronic kidney disease.

Children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at risk for "cachexia" or "protein-energy wasting" (PEW). These terms describe a pathophysiologic process resulting in the loss of muscle, with or without loss of fat, and involving maladaptive responses, including anorexia and elevated metabolic rate. PEW has been defined specifically in relation to CKD.

Charting the developmental trajectories of attention and executive function in Chinese school-aged children.

Attention is a complex domain that has reawakened research interest in recent years. There are relatively few studies that have examined age-related changes across different attention subcomponents, such as selection, maintenance, and control, using large samples covering a wide age range. The present study assessed performance in 466 participants in order to identify the ages at which mature performance was reached across differing attention subcomponents.

The impact of inflammation on bone mass in children.

Bone is a dynamic tissue. Skeletal bone integrity is maintained through bone modeling and remodeling. The mechanisms underlying this bone mass regulation are complex and interrelated.

Neonatal screening for congenital hypothyroidism and phenylketonuria in China.

Background: Neonatal screening is helpful to prevent serious disability and sufferings caused by congenital or inherited disease. This study was to review the status of neonatal screening for congenital hypothyroidism (CH) and phenylketonuria (PKU) in China.

Methods: We analyzed data of neonatal screening for CH and PKU in the past two decades which were obtained from the national network of neonatal screening centers collected by the National Center for Clinical Laboratory.

[A study on the social adjustment and its affective factors in Down syndrome children].

Objective: To explore the social adjustment status and affected factors thereof in Down syndrome children.

Methods: The family environment, cognitive development and social adjustment were examined in 36 Down syndrome children aged 52 - 167 months, 30 mental age-matched children aged 20 - 65 months, and 40 chronological age-matched children aged 43 - 144 months with questionnaire of family influential factors, Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT) and Infants-Junior Middle School Students' Social-Life Abilities Scale from September 2004 to July 2006. The gender and general family environment were matched among the three groups.

Study on the social adaptation of Chinese children with down syndrome.

Purpose: To evaluate social adjustment and related factors among Chinese children with Down syndrome (DS).

Patients And Methods: A structured interview and Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT) were conducted with a group of 36 DS children with a mean age of 106.28 months, a group of 30 normally-developing children matched for mental age (MA) and a group of 40 normally-developing children matched for chronological age (CA).