A new secondary metabolite from the marine-derived fungus FS508.

Based on the One Strain-Many Compounds (OSMAC) strategy, the secondary metabolites of FS508 were investigated. As a result, a new secondary metabolite, 4-methoxy-3-[4-(acetyloxy)-3-methyl-2-butenyl]benzoic acid () as well as eleven known compounds were isolated from the fermentation product of the strain FS508. Their structures were determined by NMR, IR, UV, and MS spectroscopic data analyses.

Surgical treatment ofpatients with severe non-flail chest rib fractures.

Background: Many patients have inadequate long-term analgesia, respiratory distress, and hypoxemia due to a long-standing substantial smoking history or the presence of primary pulmonary diseases; analgesic treatment is not valid in these patients. Even if the imaging findings of rib fractures are relatively mild, rib fractures may cause severe position limitation, respiratory distress, and hypoxemia.

Aim: To investigate the curative effect of surgical treatment for patients with severe non-flail chest rib fractures.

Eutypellacytosporins A-D, Meroterpenoids from the Arctic Fungus sp. D-1.

The Arctic fungus sp. D-1, previously found to produce a variety of cytotoxic cyclopropyl-fused and cyclobutyl-fused pimarane diterpenoids when grown in the defined medium, was induced to produce unusual metabolites by growing on solid rice medium. A chemical investigation on the rice medium extract led to the isolation of four new meroterpenoids, eutypellacytosporins A-D (-), along with the known biogenetically related compound cytosporin D ().

Cytotoxic meroterpenoids from the marine sponge .

Three new sesquiterpene quinones/hydroquinones, 20-demethoxy-20-isopentylaminodactyloquinone D (), 20-demethoxy-20-isobutylaminodactyloquinone D (), and 19-methoxy-dictyoceratin-A (), and five known related compounds (-) were isolated from the marine sponge . Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis, ECD calculation, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and comparison with the literature. Compounds and - exhibited activities against the human cancer cell lines DU145, SW1990, Huh7, and PANC-1 with IC values ranging from 2.

MicroRNA-422a functions as a tumor suppressor in non-small cell lung cancer through SULF2-mediated TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been demonstrated to participate in a variety of human cancers by functioning as post-transcriptional regulators of oncogenes or antioncogenes including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The aim of the current study was to identify the role of miR-422a in NSCLC sulfatase 2 (SULF2) to further elucidate the mechanism of NSCLC. Initially, the expression of miR-422a and SULF2 was determined in NSCLC tissues and cells.

Eutypellenoids A⁻C, New Pimarane Diterpenes from the Arctic Fungus Eutypella sp. D-1.

Three new pimarane diterpenes, eutypellenoids A⁻C (⁻), together with a known compound, eutypenoid C (), were isolated from the culture extract of sp. D-1 derived from the Arctic region. Compounds ⁻ possessed an uncommon tetrahydrofuran-fused pimarane diterpene skeleton.

Libertellenones O-S and Eutypellenones A and B, Pimarane Diterpene Derivatives from the Arctic Fungus Eutypella sp. D-1.

Seven new pimarane-type diterpene derivatives, libertellenones O-S (1-5) and eutypellenones A and B (6 and 7), together with two known compounds (8 and 9), were isolated from the culture of Eutypella sp. D-1 obtained from high-latitude soil of the Arctic. Their structures were elucidated from spectroscopic data, as well as experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) analysis.

Bioactive metabolites from the Arctic fungus sp. B-13.

Two new cyclohexanone derivatives, nectriatones A-B (-), and one new natural product, nectriatone C (), together with three known phenolic sesquiterpene derivatives (-), were isolated from the culture of sp. B-13 obtained from high-latitude soil of the Arctic. The structures of all compounds were unambiguously elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis, as well as by comparison with the literature.

Biotransformation of total coumarins of Radix Glehniae by Lecanicillium attenuatum W-1-9.

The biotransformation of total coumarins of Radix Glehniae by Lecanicillium attenuatum W-1-9 yielded three new products, lecaniside A (1), lecaniside B (2), and lecaniside C (3). The chemical structures of these metabolites were elucidated based on extensive spectral data, including 2D NMR and HRMS. The hydrogenation, dealkylation, glycosylation, and O-methylation reactions of these metabolites were observed in the present study.

A new sesquiterpene lactone from fungus Eutypella sp. D-1.

We isolated and identified a new sesquiterpene lactone which we named eut-Guaiane sesquiterpene (1), along with four cytochalasins from the fungus Eutypella sp. derived from the soil of high latitude of Arctic. The new structure was determined by spectroscopic studies such as 1D and 2D NMR and MS analyses, while the known compounds were identified by comparison of the NMR data with those in literatures.

Development and preliminary test of a new plateau hyperbaric chamber.

Objective: The objective of this study is to validate the performance, define its limits, and provide details on a new plateau hyperbaric chamber at 355-, 2880-, and 4532-m high altitude.

Methods: A new multiplace plateau hyperbaric chamber was designed to satisfy the needed of patients who have acute mountain sickness. Tests were conducted inside the chamber at 355-, 2880-, and 4532-m high altitude.

Silencing profilin-1 inhibits gastric cancer progression via integrin β1/focal adhesion kinase pathway modulation.

Aim: To investigate the role of profilin-1 (PFN1) in gastric cancer and the underlying mechanisms.

Methods: Immunohistochemical analysis, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blot were performed to detect PFN1 expression in clinical gastric carcinoma and adjacent tissues, and the association of PFN1 expression with patient clinicopathological characteristics was analyzed. PFN1 was knocked down to investigate the role of this protein in cell proliferation and metastasis in the SGC-7901 cell line.

Traditional Chinese medicine--sea urchin.

The sea urchin is an ancient, common, seafloor-dwelling marine invertebrate that belongs to the phylum Echinodermata. There are multiple species of sea urchin with resources that are widely distributed in China, where they were used in ancient times as Traditional Chinese Medicine for treating a variety of diseases. At present, it is known that the shell, spine and gonad of the sea urchin have many medicinal values determined through modern research.

Bioactive tyrosine-derived cytochalasins from fungus Eutypella sp. D-1.

Three new cytochalasins Z24 , Z25 , Z26 (1-3, resp.) and one known compound, scoparasin B (4), were isolated from the fungus Eutypella sp. D-1 isolated from the soil of high latitude of the Arctic.

A new aromatic glycoside from Glehnia littoralis.

A new aromatic glycoside (1) was isolated from the roots of Glehnia littoralis Fr. Schmidtex Miq. Its structure was elucidated as vanillic acid 1-O-[β-D-apiofuranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranoside] ester mainly by analysing the NMR and MS spectral data.

Glycosylation of the sodium channel β4 subunit is developmentally regulated and involves in neuritic degeneration.

Aberrant protein glycosylation plays major roles in neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD). Glycoproteomics showed that the glycosylation of sodium channel β4 was significantly increased in human brain tissue. β4-specific antibodies reacted in immunoblot assays with the 35- and 38-kDa bands from the membrane fractions isolated from neonatal PD transgenic mice but only with the 35-kDa band of the neonatal wild-type mice.

Disorders in angiogenesis and redox pathways are main factors contributing to the progression of rheumatoid arthritis: a comparative proteomics study.

Objective: To clarify the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by comparing protein expression in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) from patients with RA with that in FLS from normal subjects, using proteomics analysis.

Methods: Proteins extracted from primary cultures of FLS obtained from 50 patients with RA and 10 normal subjects were analyzed by automated 2-dimensional nano-electrospray ionization liquid chromatography tandem mass spectometry. Differentially expressed proteins were screened by 2-sample t-test (P < 0.

Does the expression of versican isoforms contribute to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases?

Classical neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's are most commonly seen in older persons. The incidence rate increases as life expectancy increases. Even though neuronal loss, neuronal death and accumulated toxic proteins are well investigated, the mechanism(s) of neurodegenerative disorders is not yet fully understood.

[Effect of amygdalin on serum proteinic biomarker in pulmonary fibrosis of bleomycin-induced rat].

Objective: To evaluate effect of amygdalin on expression of four biomarkers in the animal model of pulmonary fibrosis induced by bleomycin.

Methods: Rats were given one dose (5 mg/kg) of bleomycin in bleomycin-treated groups, amygdalin-treated groups and saline in controls by intratracheal instillation exposed surgically. The amygdalin-treated groups rats were treated with intraperitoneal injection of amygdalin (15 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)).

[Effects of vaporized perfluorocarbon therapy on seawater respiratory distress syndrome in rabbit models].

Objective: To investigate the effects of vaporized perfluorocarbon therapy on pulmonary gas exchange and lung compliance in seawater respiratory distress syndrome rabbit models.

Methods: After induction of seawater respiratory distress syndrome by means of intratracheal injection of seawater, 24 female New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups: (1) CMV group (n = 8): Animals were ventilated with equal tidal volumes of 8 ml/kg during gas ventilation for 6 h. (2) PFC group (n = 8): For the first 2 h, animals received vaporized PFC with volumes of 6 - 7 mlxkg(-1)xh(-1), followed by gas ventilation for 4 h.

Identification of ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor alpha as a mediator of neurotoxicity induced by alpha-synuclein.

Accumulating evidence suggests that extracellular alpha-synuclein (eSNCA) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease or related synucleinopathies by inducing neurotoxicity directly or indirectly via microglial or astroglial activation. However, the mechanisms by which this occurs remain to be characterized. To explore these mechanisms, we combined three biochemical techniques - stable isotope labeling of amino acid in cell cultures (SILAC), biotin labeling of plasma membrane proteins followed by affinity purification, and analysis of unique proteins binding to SNCA peptides on membrane arrays.

[Effects of positive end expiratory pressure ventilation upon respiratory function and hydrophobic surfactants proteins in rabbit with seawater respiratory distress syndrome].

Objective: To investigate the effects of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) ventilation upon respiratory function and lung surfactant protein B (SP-B)/SP-C in seawater respiratory distress syndrome (SW-RDS) rabbit.

Methods: Twenty-four female New Zealand rabbits were randomly equally divided into three groups:conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) group, PEEP group, and control group. After anesthesia and tracheal intubation followed by 20 minutes of CMV, SW-RDS model was established by lung perfusion of artificial seawater through tracheal intubation.