Characteristics and Treatment Strategy of Isolated Calf Deep Venous Thrombosis after Fractures: A Review of Recent Literature.

Isolated calf deep venous thrombosis (ICDVT) includes thrombosis located at the far end of the popliteal vein, such as the anterior tibial vein, posterior tibial vein, fibular vein, and intramuscular vein of the soleus and gastrocnemius. This type of thrombosis has the highest incidence, accounting for approximately half of all deep vein thrombosis (DVT) cases; however, there is no consistent recommendation for ICDVT treatment across countries, and there is also no optimal management strategy. In recent years, increasing evidence has shown that ICDVT can develop into proximal DVT, even causing pulmonary embolism (PE).

The Biocontrol Functions of Strain Bv-25 Against .

is obligate parasitic nematode with a wide variety of hosts that causes huge economic losses every year. In an effort to identify novel bacterial biocontrols against , the nematicidal activity of strain Bv-25 obtained from cucumber rhizosphere soil was measured. Strain Bv-25 could inhibit the egg hatching of and had strong nematicidal activity, with the mortality rate of second-stage juveniles (J2s) at 100% within 12 h of exposure to Bv-25 fermentation broth.

Isolate PC-170-Induced Expression of Marker Genes for Defense Pathways in Tomatoes Challenged by Different Pathogens.

is a fungal parasite of nematode eggs. Studies have shown that some strains of can promote plant growth and induce plants' systemic resistance to root-knot nematodes by colonizing in their roots. This study aimed to verify the effect of the PC-170 strain on tomato growth and systemic resistance.

Biocontrol Efficacy of Strain Bc-cm103 Against .

Root-knot nematodes ( spp.) are soilborne pathogens that infect vegetable crops and cause major economic losses worldwide annually. Therefore, there is an urgent need for novel nematicides or biological control agents to reduce the damage caused by root-knot nematodes.

Volatile Organic Compounds of Strain Bc-cm103 Exhibit Fumigation Activity against .

strain Bc-cm103 shows nematicidal activity and, therefore, has been used as a biological control agent to control the root-knot nematode . However, it remains unknown whether volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by strain Bc-cm103 are effective in biocontrol against . Therefore, in this study, we investigated the activity of Bc-cm103 VOCs against .

[Oleanolic acid induces G₂/M phase arrest and apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma Bel-7402 cells].

This study was to examine the mechanism of oleanolic acid (OA) induces G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma Bel-7402 cells. MTT and trypan blue exclusion test assay were adopted to detect the proliferate status of cells treated with OA. We assayed the cell cycle by flow cytometry using PI staining.

Simultaneous determination of mangiferin and neomangiferin in rat plasma by UPLC-MS/MS and its application for pharmacokinetic study.

In this study, a sensitive and rapid ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was developed to determine mangiferin and neomangiferin in rat plasma simultaneously. Chromatographic separation was carried out on an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 column and mass spectrometric analysis was performed using a Xevo TQD triple quadruple mass spectrometer coupled with an electrospray ionization (ESI) source. The MRM transitions of m/z 423.

[Plant Spectral Discrimination Based on Phenological Features].

Spectral analysis plays a significant role onplant characteristic identification and mechanism recognition, there were many papers published on the aspects of absorption features in the spectra of chlorophyll and moisture, spectral analysis onvegetation red edge effect, spectra profile feature extraction, spectra profile conversion, vegetation leaf structure and chemical composition impacts on the spectra in past years. However, fewer researches issued on spectral changes caused by plant seasonal changes of life form, chlorophyll, leaf area index. This paper studied on spectral observation of 11 plants of various life form, plant leaf structure and its size, phenological characteristics, they include deciduous forest with broad vertical leaf, needle leaf evergreen forest, needle leaf deciduous forest, deciduous forest with broadflat leaf, high shrub with big leaf, high shrub with little leaf, deciduous forest with broad little leaf, short shrub, meadow, steppe and grass.

Highly sensitive enumeration of circulating tumor cells in lung cancer patients using a size-based filtration microfluidic chip.

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the peripheral blood could serve as a surrogate marker for the diagnosis of cancer metastasis and for therapeutic evaluation. However, the separation and characterization of CTCs is technically challenging owing to the extremely low number of CTCs present. Here we developed a size-based and high-throughput microfluidic chip, which exploits filtration microchannels to isolate the relatively larger CTCs from the rest of the blood constituents.

N'-(3-Fluoro-benzyl-idene)-2-methyl-benzohydrazide.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C(15)H(13)FN(2)O, contains two independent mol-ecules with different conformations; the two aromatic rings in the independent mol-ecules form dihedral angles of 85.3 (2) and 10.0 (2)°.

A simple oligonucleotide biochip capable of rapidly detecting known mitochondrial DNA mutations in Chinese patients with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON).

Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a maternally transmitted disease. Clinically, no efficient assay protocols have been available. In this study, we aimed to develop an oligonucleotide biochip specialized for detection of known base substitution mutations in mitochondrial DNA causing LHON and to investigate frequencies of LHON relevant variants in Anhui region of China.

Nano-ELISA for highly sensitive protein detection.

Highly sensitive protein detection method based on nanoparticles and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), named Nano-ELISA, was introduced. In this method, the micro-magnetic beads were modified with monoclonal antibody of the target protein p53. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were modified with another monoclonal detector antibody and Horseradish peroxidase (HRP, for signal amplification).

[Development of a DNA biochip for detection of known mtDNA mutations associated with MELAS and MERRF syndromes.].

We developed an oligonucleotide biochip for synchronous multiplex detection of 31 known mitochondrial DNA mutations associated with MELAS (Mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes) and MERRF (Myoclonic epilepsy with ragged red fibers). Allele-specific oligonucleotide probes were covalently immobilized on aldehyde modified glass slides, and then hybridized with Cy5-labled DNA fragments amplified from sample DNAs by a multiplex asymmetric PCR (MAP) method. Five patients with MELAS, 5 patients with MERRF and 20 healthy controls were investigated using the oligonucleotide biochip.

Microchip-based small, dense low-density lipoproteins assay for coronary heart disease risk assessment.

Small, dense low-density lipoprotein (sdLDL) has been accepted as an emerging cardiovascular risk factor, and there has been an increasing interest in analytical methods for sdLDL profiling for diagnosis. Serum sdLDL may be measured by different laboratory techniques, but all these methods are laborious, time-consuming, and costly. Recently, we have demonstrated that a low-temperature bonding of quartz microfluidic chips for serum lipoproteins analysis (Zhuang, G.

Design, simulation, and optimization of a miniaturized device for size-fractioned DNA extraction.

Fraction collection following electrophoresis has many applications in biology analysis. These assays typically need to identify specific fractions in the separated sample for further processing and require extraction of one or a group of fragments. Unfortunately, the conventional methods involve cumbersome procedures and are not amenable to integration, automation, and extraction of microscale samples.

Microchip-based capillary electrophoresis for determination of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes.

This article describes a novel microchip-based capillary electrophoresis and oncolumn enzymatic reaction analysis protocol for lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) isoenzymes with a home-made xenon lamp-induced fluorescence detection system. A microchip integrated with a temperature-control unit is designed and fabricated for low-temperature electrophoretic separation of LDH isoenzymes, optimal enzyme reaction temperature control, and product detection. A four-step operation and temperature control are employed for the determination of LDH activity by on-chip monitoring of the amount of incubation product of NADH during the fixed incubation period and at a fixed temperature.

Detection of hepatitis B virus genotypes using oligonucleotide chip among hepatitis B virus carriers in Eastern China.

Aim: To determine the genotype distribution of hepatitis B virus (HBV) with a newly oligonucleotide chip assay among the HBV carriers in Eastern China.

Methods: An assay using oligonucleotide chip was developed for detection of HBV genotypes in serum samples from HBV DNA-positive patients in Eastern China. This method is based on the principle of reverse hybridization with Cy5-labeled amplicons hybridizing to type-specific oligonucleotide probes that are immobilized on slides.

Effects of additives on efficiency and specificity of ligase detection reaction.

Ligase detection reaction (LDR) is adaptable to a wide variety of applications ranging from scientific research to clinical diagnosis, especially in the field of nucleotide polymorphism discrimination and analysis. Efficiency and specificity of LDR are the most two important characteristics that influence its application. To improve the specificity or efficiency of ligase, optimization of the design of LDR probes and the reaction of LDR were investigated previously by most researchers.

Numerical analysis of an electrokinetic double-focusing injection technique for microchip CE.

The injection techniques in electrophoresis microchips play an important role in the sample-handling process, whose characteristics determine the separation performance achieved, and the shape of a sample plug delivered into the separation channel has a great impact on the high-quality separation performance as well. This paper describes a numerical investigation of different electrokinetic injection techniques to deliver a sample plug within electrophoresis microchips. A novel double-focusing injection system is designed and fabricated, which involves four accessory arm channels in which symmetrical focusing potentials are loaded to form a unique parallel electric field distribution in the intersection of injection channel and separation channel.

[Identification of P. gingivalis P. intermedia P. nigrescens by 16S rDNA and membrane microarray chip].

Purpose: The aim of this study is to identify three kinds of black-pigmented periodontal pathogens P. gingivalis Pg, P. intermedia Pi, P.

[Gene mutation in the areas of PreC/C and BCP of HBV DNA].

Objective: To investigate the gene mutation in the areas of pre core/core (Pre C/C) and basic core promotor (BCP) of HBV DNA and its clinical significance.

Methods: The nt 1 735-1 965 segment of HBV DNA was amplified with PCR in 54 cases with chronic hepatitis B and 10 cases with post-hepatitis cirrhosis. Then the PCR product was sequenced.

Study of MMLV RT- binding with DNA using surface plasmon resonance biosensor.

Surface plasmon resonance biosensor technique was used to study the binding of Moloney murine leukemia virus reverse transcriptase without RNase H domain (MMLV RT-) with DNA in the absence and in the presence of inhibitors. Different DNA substrates, including single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), DNA template-primer (T-P) duplex and gapped DNA, were immobilized on the biosensor chip surface using streptavidin-biotin, and MMLV RT(-)-DNA binding kinetics were analyzed by different models. MMLV RT-; could bind with ssDNA and the binding was involved in conformation change.

Monitoring microarray-based gene expression profile changes in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Aim: To find out key genes responsible for hepatocarcinogenesis and to further understand the underlying molecular mechanism through investigating the differential gene expression between human normal liver tissue and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: DNA microarray was prepared by spotting PCR products of 1 000 human genes including 445 novel genes, 540 known genes as well as 12 positive (housekeeping) and 3 negative controls (plant gene) onto treated glass slides. cDNA probes were prepared by labeling normal liver tissue mRNA and cancer liver tissue mRNA with Cy3-dUTP and Cy5-dUTP separately through reverse transcription.

[The detection of plasmid pCAMBIA1301 in transgenic rice by arrayed primer extension].

Biochip technology which had emerged from the fusion of biotechnology and micro/nanofabrication technology at the end of 1980s has been widely used in life science, medicine, clinical diagnosis, drug development, agriculture, environmental protection and strategies. DNA microarray (also call gene chip, DNA chip), one kind of biochips, is small chip containing many oligonucleotide probes. It can hybridize with labelled sample, making it possible to detect large numbers of oligonucleotides at one time.

[Detection for single nucleotide polymorphisms].

As the third generation of genetic markers SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) has been used extensively in gene mapping,disease-correlativity analysis ,population genetics and drug research. Here methods for detection are reviewed. Most SNP genotyping are a combination of method for interrogating SNPs and analysis technique.