Ethylene negatively regulates cold tolerance through HbEIN3-HbICE2 regulatory module in Hevea brasiliensis.

Cold stress can result in reduced growth rates, decreased latex production, and restricted areas for the Para rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis). However, the molecular mechanisms governing the response of Hevea brasiliensis to cold stress remain elusive. Here, we found that ethylene plays a negative role in Hevea brasiliensis responses to cold stress.

HbBIN2 Functions in Plant Cold Stress Resistance through Modulation of HbICE1 Transcriptional Activity and ROS Homeostasis in .

Cold stress poses significant limitations on the growth, latex yield, and ecological distribution of rubber trees (). The GSK3-like kinase plays a significant role in helping plants adapt to different biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the functions of GSK3-like kinase BR-INSENSITIVE 2 (BIN2) in remain elusive.

Ethylene-induced NbMYB4L is involved in resistance against tobacco mosaic virus in Nicotiana benthamiana.

Several MYB transcription factors are known to play important roles in plant resistance to environmental stressors. However, the mechanism governing the involvement of MYBs in regulating tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) resistance in plants is still unclear. In this study, we found that not only is Nicotiana benthamiana MYB4-like involved in defence against TMV, but also that the ethylene pathway participates in MYB4L-mediated resistance.

New Enantiomers of a Nor-Bisabolane Derivative and Two New Phthalides Produced by the Marine-Derived Fungus LD-201810.

Marine-derived fungi are a treasure house for the discovery of structurally novel secondary metabolites with potential pharmaceutical value. In this study, a pair of new nor-bisabolane derivative enantiomers (±)-1 and two new phthalides (4 and 5), as well as four known metabolites, were isolated from the culture filtrate of the marine algal-derived endophytic fungus LD-201810. Their structures were established by detailed interpretation of spectroscopic data (1D/2D NMR and ESI-MS).

: A Treasure House of Structurally Diverse Secondary Metabolites With Medicinal Importance.

Fungi play an irreplaceable role in drug discovery in the course of human history, as they possess unique abilities to synthesize diverse specialized metabolites with significant medicinal potential. are well-studied filamentous fungi generally observed in nature, which are widely marketed as biocontrol agents. The secondary metabolites produced by have gained extensive attention since they possess attractive chemical structures with remarkable biological activities.

Cytotoxic Secondary Metabolites Isolated from the Marine Alga-Associated Fungus LD-201810.

A new pentaketide derivative, penilactonol A (), and two new hydroxyphenylacetic acid derivatives, (2'R)-stachyline B (2) and (2'R)-westerdijkin A (3), together with five known metabolites, bisabolane-type sesquiterpenoids 4-6 and meroterpenoids 7 and 8, were isolated from the solid culture of a marine alga-associated fungus LD-201810. Their structures were elucidated based on extensive spectroscopic analyses, including 1D/2D NMR and high resolution electrospray ionization mass spectra (HRESIMS). The absolute configurations of the stereogenic carbons in 1 were determined by the (Mo(OAc))-induced circular dichroism (CD) and comparison of the calculated and experimental electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra, while the absolute configuration of the stereogenic carbon in 2 was established using single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.

New sesquiterpenoids with COX-2 inhibitory activity from the medical plant Physalis. alkekengi L. var. franchetii.

Phytochemical investigations on Physalis. alkekengi L. var.

Antimicrobial Secondary Metabolites from the Seawater-Derived Fungus SW9.

Marine-derived fungi are considered to be valuable producers of bioactive secondary metabolites used as lead compounds with medicinal importance. In this study, chemical investigation of the seawater-derived fungus SW9 led to the isolation and identification of one new quinazolinone alkaloid, 2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-4-(3-acetyl)quinazolin-one (), one new aromatic bisabolene-type sesquiterpenoid, () and one new chorismic acid analogue (), as well as two known alkaloids (compounds and ). Their structures were determined by extensive 1D/2D NMR and mass spectrometric data, and the absolute configurations of and were assigned by the analysis of ECD spectra aided by quantum chemical computations.

Antineoplastic Constituents from the Chemical Diversified Extract of Radix puerariae.

To enhance the structural diversity of isoflavonoids and provide more derivatives for the biological screening, a semisynthetic mixture was generated by diversification of the crude extract of Radix puerariae (Pueraria montana var. lobata) through the chemical reaction with hydrazine hydrate. Eleven 3,4-diarylpyrazoles (1-11) and two 5-phenyl-6-benzyldihydropyridazinones (12 and 13) were isolated from the semisynthetic mixture, and their structures were identified by spectroscopic methods in combination with X-ray crystallographic analysis.

Evaluation of serum retinol-binding protein-4 levels as a biomarker of poor short-term prognosis in ischemic stroke.

The aim was to investigate the relationship between retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP4) levels and short-term functional outcome, and to determine its possible role in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). In a prospective observational study, 299 first-ever AIS who were admitted to our hospital were included. Serum levels of RBP4 were assayed and severity of stroke was evaluated with the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score on admission.

Prevalence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in Chinese patients with Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is associated with gastrointestinal motility abnormalities that could favor the occurrence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of SIBO in Chinese patients with PD and the potential impact of SIBO on gastrointestinal symptoms and motor function. 182 consecutive Chinese patients with PD patients and 200 sex, age, and BMI-matched subjects without PD were included.

1-Deacet-oxy-1-oxocaesalmin.

The title compound, C24H30O7, is a diterpenoid isolated from the seeds of Caesalpinia minax. It consists of two cyclo-hexane rings (A and B), one unsaturated six-membered ring (C) and one furan ring (D). The stereochemistry of the ring junctures is A/B trans and B/C trans.

Association of ADAM33 gene polymorphisms with asthma in the Uygur population of China.

Asthma is one of the most common chronic respiratory diseases, affecting ∼300 million children and adults worldwide. Previous studies identified a disintegrin and metalloprotease domain 33 (ADAM33) as an important susceptibility gene for asthma in patients of different nationalities; however, it is unknown whether this relationship exists in ethnically diverse populations. The present study focused on the association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the ADAM33 gene and asthma in the Uygur population of China.

Steroids with inhibitory activity against the prostate cancer cells and chemical diversity of marine alga Tydemania expeditionis.

A new diketosteroid, (E)-stigmasta-24(28)-en-3,6-dione (1), along with three known steroids (2-4) was isolated from marine alga Tydemania expeditionis collected in China Sea. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic methods. Comparison of the chemical constituents revealed significant diversity among different locations.

Rapid identification of triterpenoid sulfates and hydroxy fatty acids including two new constituents from Tydemania expeditionis by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Tydemania expeditionis Weber-van Bosse (Udoteaceae) is a weakly calcified green alga. In the present paper, liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array detection and electrospray mass spectrometry was developed to identify the fingerprint components. A total of four triterpenoid sulfates and three hydroxy fatty acids in the ethyl acetate fraction of the crude extract were structurally characterized on the basis of retention time, online UV spectrum, and mass fragmentation pattern.

[Function of TTG1A in hepatic stellate cells].

Objective: To investigate the biological functions of TTG1A in liver fibrosis.

Methods: Yeast two-hybrid system was used to screen proteins associated with TTG1A. Briefly, the coding sequence of TTG1A was cloned into pGBKT7 vector, and the recombinant plasmid was transformed into yeast cells AH109 ( a type), then these cells were mated with yeast cells Y187 (a type) transformed with human leukocyte cDNA library plasmid pACT2.

[Screening and cloning genes transactivated by TGF beta 1 in hepatic stellate cells using suppression subtractive hybridization technique].

Objectives: To construct a cDNA subtractive library of genes transactivated by TGF beta 1 in LX02 hepatic stellate cells (HSC); to screen and to clone the regulated genes transactivated by TGF beta 1; and to elucidate the molecular biological mechanism of hepatic fibrosis mediated by TGF beta 1.

Methods: mRNA was isolated from HSC treated with TGF beta 1 or with PBS (as controls). Suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) technique was employed to analyze the differentially expressed DNA sequence between the two groups.

[A study on differentially expressed genes in hepatic stellate cells treated with transforming growth factor beta 1 using cDNA microarray technique].

Objective: To screen the differentially expressed genes in hepatic stellate cells (HSC) treated with transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFbeta1) by cDNA microarray technique, and to elucidate the molecular pathogenesis of liver fibrosis involving TGFb1.

Methods: Total RNA was extracted from HSC treated with TGFbeta1 and PBS by trizol and reverse-transcribed to double strand cDNA templates. Transcription of cDNA probe with biotin-labeling was performed, and then the obtained cDNA was hybridized with human cDNA microarray.

[Distribution and characteristics of hepatitis B virus genotypes in Uighur patients with chronic hepatitis B in Xinjiang province of China].

Objective: To study genotype distribution and the characteristics of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in Uighur patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) in Xinjiang, China.

Methods: Type specific primers and PCR were used to detect the HBV genotypes of 127 Uighur CHB patients in Xinjiang. Genotyping results were confirmed by PCR product sequencing.

[Discussion of learning and instructional strategies on genetics teaching].

This paper attempts to explore learning and teaching strategies, such as, attention, classification, organization, provoke-thinking,problem-solving,and learning-based task analysis and programmed teaching strategies in genetics teaching on the basis of the concept of lifelong education and struggle for existence. It aims at teaching students how to study and at the same time improve teaching efficiency.