Ultrasound assessment of diaphragmatic dysfunction in non-critically ill patients: relevant indicators and update.

Diaphragm dysfunction (DD) can be classified as mild, resulting in diaphragmatic weakness, or severe, resulting in diaphragmatic paralysis. Various factors such as prolonged mechanical ventilation, surgical trauma, and inflammation can cause diaphragmatic injury, leading to negative outcomes for patients, including extended bed rest and increased risk of pulmonary complications. Therefore, it is crucial to protect and monitor diaphragmatic function.

Radiotherapy opens the blood-brain barrier and synergizes with anlotinib in treating glioblastoma.

Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) has a poor prognosis and lacks effective treatment. Anlotinib is a multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) that may have anti-tumor activity in the central nervous system (CNS). This study aimed to determine the therapeutic value of radiotherapy combined with anlotinib in GBM via preclinical research.

Ketamine ameliorates depressive-like behaviors in mice through increasing glucose uptake regulated by the ERK/GLUT3 signaling pathway.

To investigate the effects of ketamine on glucose uptake and glucose transporter (GLUT) expression in depressive-like mice. After HA1800 cells were treated with ketamine, 2-[N-(7-Nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)Amino]-2-Deoxyglucose (2-NBDG) was added to the cells to test the effects of ketamine on glucose uptake, production of lactate, and expression levels of GLUT, ERK1/2, AKT, and AMPK. Adult female C57BL/6 mice were subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), 27 CUMS mice were randomly divided into the depression, ketamine (i.

Dexmedetomidine alleviates neuroinflammation, restores sleep disorders and neurobehavioral abnormalities in rats with minimal hepatic encephalopathy.

The occurrence and progress of minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) is closely related to the inflammatory response; however, inflammation contributes to behavioral abnormalities and sleep disorders. Dexmedetomidine has anti-inflammatory effects against various diseases. Whether dexmedetomidine improves MHE and the underlying mechanism is yet unclear.

Melatonin alleviates intestinal injury, neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunction caused by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion.

Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) can cause multiple organ damage with extremely high morbidity and mortality. Melatonin has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic effects against various diseases. This study aimed to explore whether melatonin had a protective effect against intestinal I/R-induced neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunction, and investigate its potential mechanisms.

Circulating guanylyl cyclase C (GCC) mRNA is a reliable metastatic predictor and prognostic index of colorectal cancer.

Background: Currently, few specific biomarkers or standard cutoff values are available for circulating tumor cells (CTCs) detection and survival prediction in patients with early stage colorectal cancer (CRC). Guanylyl cyclase C (GCC) presents as a specific expression in intestinal tumor cells and during their metastases, indicating its potential application as a metastatic predictor of CRC.

Methods: The circulating GCC mRNA of 160 colorectal cancer patients at stage I-III was detected via quantitative real-time (qRT)-PCR in our study, and the correlation of GCC mRNA level with tumor metastasis and long-term survival was explored.

Downregulation of LINC00515 in high-grade serous ovarian cancer and its relationship with platinum resistance.

To investigate the expression of long intergenic noncoding RNA 00515 (LINC00515) in high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) and its potential correlation with platinum resistance. Expression of LINC00515 in HGSOC (n = 115) and normal (n = 19) tissues was detected via quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). We further explored the statistical significance of the relationship between LINC00515 expression and platinum resistance in HGSOC.

Prefrontal cortex miR-29b-3p plays a key role in the antidepressant-like effect of ketamine in rats.

Ketamine has a rapid, obvious, and persistent antidepressant effect, but its underlying molecular mechanisms remain unknown. Recently, microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as important modulators of ketamine's antidepressant effect. We investigated the alteration in miR-29b-3p in the brain of rats subjected to ketamine administration and chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), and a sucrose preference test and forced swimming test were used to evaluate the rats' depressive-like state.

Myricetin induces apoptosis and enhances chemosensitivity in ovarian cancer cells.

Ovarian cancer is the most lethal type of gynecological cancer and is the fifth leading cause of cancer-associated mortality in females globally. The majority of patients with ovarian cancer suffer from recurrent, progressive disease, due to the acquisition of a resistance phenotype towards various conventional chemotherapy drugs. Although paclitaxel has been demonstrated to be effective against ovarian tumors, there have been reports of the development of a resistant phenotype against Taxol treatment.

Paris Saponins enhance radiosensitivity in a gefitinib-resistant lung adenocarcinoma cell line by inducing apoptosis and G2/M cell cycle phase arrest.

Acquired resistance to epidermal growth factor inhibitors has been reported to be associated with cross‑resistance to radiation. Paris Saponins (PSs) exert a wide range of pharmacological activities, including cell apoptosis induction, multidrug resistance inhibition, angiogenesis inhibition and tumor cell migration by modulating various signaling pathways. The present study aimed to investigate the radiosensitization effects of PSII, PSVI and PSVII in a gefitinib‑resistant PC‑9‑ZD lung adenocarcinoma cell line, and the possible mechanism underlying their function.

The genotype of ribonucleotidereductase M1 -269C > A is associated with the response to platinum-based chemotherapy and as a prognostic biomarker in advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer.

Purpose: Genetic polymorphisms of ribonucleotidereductase M1 (RRM1) was a DNA repair gene, which may affect patients' response to platinum-based chemotherapy or gemcitabine-based chemotherapy. We retrospectively assessed whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of RRM1 can be used to predict overall survival (OS), progression free survival and response in nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients treated with platinum-based regimens as first-line chemotherapy.

Subjects And Methods: The genotypes of four tagSNPs (RRM1 -316C > A, RRM1 -269C > A, RRM1 -702G > A and RRM1 -585T > G) were determined by SNaPshot detection technology and sequencing approaches in 184 advanced NSCLC patients by using peripheral blood.

Establishment and characterization of GCSR1, a multi-drug resistant signet ring cell gastric cancer cell line.

Signet ring cell gastric cancer (SRCGC) has very poor prognosis worldwide, and studying its molecular characteristics is urgent for improving the outcome. However, few well-characterized SRCGC cell lines are available for research. Therefore, we established a novel cell line GCSR1, from a Chinese male SRCGC patient.

Pim-1 acts as an oncogene in human salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma.

Background: Pim-1 (Provirus integration site for Moloney murine leukemia virus 1) belongs to the Ser/Thr kinase family and plays a pivotal role in occurrence and development of oncogenesis. Recent studies have demonstrated that Pim-1 phosphorylates RUNX3 and alters its subcellular localization. However, few studies have concerned the implications of Pim-1 in the salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC).

The molecular mechanisms of Tanshinone IIA on the apoptosis and arrest of human esophageal carcinoma cells.

Objective: To explore the possible mechanisms of Tanshinone IIA (TanIIA) on esophageal carcinoma cell lines.

Methods: Two human esophageal carcinoma cell lines (EC-1 cells and ECa-109 cells) were treated with different concentrations of TanIIA. Cell proliferation was measured by CCK-8, colony-forming efficiency was calculated, cell cycle and apoptosis were measured, and changes in cell cycle- and apoptosis-related gene expression were measured by Western blotting.

The impact of functional LIG4 polymorphism on platinum-based chemotherapy response and survival in non-small cell lung cancer.

DNA repair capacity is correlated with the sensitivity of cancer cells toward platinum-based chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to investigate whether single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in DNA repair genes NBS1, LIG4, and RAD51 were correlated with tumor response in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients in a Chinese population who received platinum-based chemotherapy. The treatment outcomes of 146 advanced NSCLC patients who were treated with platinum-based chemotherapy were evaluated.

S-allylcysteine, a garlic derivative, suppresses proliferation and induces apoptosis in human ovarian cancer cells in vitro.

Aim: To investigate the effects of S-allylcysteine (SAC), a water-soluble garlic derivative, on human ovarian cancer cells in vitro.

Methods: Human epithelial ovarian cancer cell line A2780 was tested. Cell proliferation was examined with CCK-8 and colony formation assays.

MicroRNA-17, microRNA-18a, and microRNA-19a are prognostic indicators in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: The members of the microRNA (miR)-17-92 cluster have been reported to be highly expressed in several cancers. However, whether their expression is associated with clinicopathologic factors, the prognosis of patients in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unknown.

Methods: Using SYBR green real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, we detected the expression of members of the miR-17-92 cluster, including miR-17, miR-18a, miR-19a, miR-20a, miR-19b, and miR-92a, in 105 surgical specimens from ESCC patients.