Multi-kilometer visible light communication utilizing nonlinearity-adaptive hybrid probabilistic-geometric shaping.

In this paper, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a high rate-distance product visible light communication (VLC) system based on nonlinearity-adaptive hybrid probabilistic-geometric constellation shaping (NA-HCS) for multi-kilometer free space transmission. A pairwise optimization algorithm is employed within the probabilistic shaping (PS) to achieve NA-HCS for constellation according to the pre-estimated signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the long-distance nonlinear channel, which proves its efficacy in channel capacity optimization. Using a modified physical free space optical communication equivalent link, the QAM based on NA-HCS technology can flexibly control the net data rate (NDR) to accommodate different intensities of nonlinear impairment within 1 km transmission channel, consistently outperforming PS-APSK and PS-QAM.

Effects of on microbial community dynamics and tobacco quality during tobacco fermentation.

Introduction: Carotenoids are important precursors of various aroma components in tobacco and play an important role in the sensory quality of tobacco. is a species of capable of synthesizing a highly valuable carotenoid-astaxanthin, but has not yet been used in improving tobacco quality.

Methods: The dynamic changes of microbial community and metabolites during tobacco fermentation were analyzed in combination with microbiome and metabolome, and the quality of tobacco after fermentation was evaluated by sensory scores.

An integrated approach to evaluate acetamiprid-induced oxidative damage to tRNA in human cells based on oxidized nucleotide and tRNA profiling.

Acetamiprid is poisonous to mammals due to severe acetamiprid-induced oxidative stress that could cause mitochondrial dysfunctions, lipid and protein oxidation, inflammation, apoptosis, and DNA damage. Evidence has accumulated for the role of oxidative stress in changing structures and functions of transfer RNAs (tRNAs) by inducing tRNA cleavage, reprogramming tRNA modifications and impairing aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase editing sites. However, the impact of acetamiprid-induced oxidative stress on tRNA is still unknown.

Real-time acquisition and enhancement of remote acoustic signals by a free-space monostatic homodyne laser Doppler vibrometer.

This paper systematically presents the design and performance of an extremely sensitive 1.55-µm free-space monostatic laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) using optical homodyne detection for real-time acquisition and enhancement of the remote acoustic signals. The phase shifts produced by laser light scattered off a remote target carries the extremely tiny vibration displacement information of the target' surface motivated by the acoustic source around and is demodulated using the optical in-phase/quadrature demodulator.

[Analysis of chemical constituents of Ginseng-Douchi compound fermentation products based on UPLC-Q-TOF-MS].

In this experiment, ultra high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) was used to analyze and identify chemical constituents of Ginseng-Douchi(GD) compound fermentation, and explore the conversion rules of ginsenosides and soybean isoflavones after compound fermentation. Waters Acquity UPLC BEH C_(18) column(2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.

Two-one-way laser Doppler approach for inter-satellite velocity measurement.

A high-precision inter-satellite velocity measurement method based on two-one-way laser Doppler is presented in this paper. This method's working principle and signal-to-noise ratio's effect under different measurement times of signal on velocity precision are analyzed theoretically. This method is also tested by laboratory experiments and 1 mm/s velocity precision is achieved in 1 ms integrating time.

Review of Anemone raddeana Rhizome and its pharmacological effects.

The chemical compositions of Anemone raddeana Rhizome, a kind of traditional Chinese medicine, were reviewed, along with its bioactivity and pharmacological properties and method improvements of extracting and detecting triterpenoid saponins. A. raddeana Rhizome is used to treat neuralgia and rheumatism, and is rich in triterpenoid saponins, most of which are pentacyclic, with oleanane as the nucleus.

Hydrogen-rich saline injection into the subarachnoid cavity within 2 weeks promotes recovery after acute spinal cord injury.

Hydrogen can relieve tissue-damaging oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. Injection of hydrogen-rich saline is an effective method for transporting molecular hydrogen. We hypothesized that hydrogen-rich saline would promote the repair of spinal cord injury induced by Allen's method in rats.

Model-based recognition of 3D articulated target using ladar range data.

Ladar is suitable for 3D target recognition because ladar range images can provide rich 3D geometric surface information of targets. In this paper, we propose a part-based 3D model matching technique to recognize articulated ground military vehicles in ladar range images. The key of this approach is to solve the decomposition and pose estimation of articulated parts of targets.

Pharmacological characterization and therapeutic potential for the treatment of opioid abuse with ATPM-ET, an N-ethyl substituted aminothiazolomorphinan with κ agonist and μ agonist/antagonist activity.

We previously reported that the κ agonists with mixed μ activity could attenuate heroin self-administration with less potential to develop tolerance. The present study further investigated the effects of (-)-3-N-Ethylamino-thiazolo[5,4-b]-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan hydrochloride (ATPM-ET), a κ agonist and μ agonist/antagonist, on the acquisition and reinstatement of morphine-induced conditioned place preference (CPP), heroin self-administration and heroin-primed reinstatement of drug-seeking behavior. We found that ATPM-ET produced a longer duration of potent antinociceptive effects with less side effect of sedation.

[Spatial distribution of sulfur dioxide around a tobacco bulk-curing workshop cluster].

In order to manifest lower energy consumption and less labor employment, and provide the theoretical basis for constructing environmentally friendly modem tobacco agriculture, this paper analyzed gas composition of the chimney from a bulk-curing barn and the dispersion of sulfur dioxide (SO2) around the workshop cluster using ecom-J2KN flue gas analyzer and air sampler. During curing, the concentrations of carbon dioxide (CO2) and SO2 in the chimney were both highest at 38 degrees C, while the concentration of nitrogen oxides (NOx) was highest at 42 degrees C. The emission concentration of SO2 from the chimney was 1327.

3D pose estimation of ground rigid target based on ladar range image.

In the target recognition of laser radar (ladar), the accurate estimation of target pose can effectively simplify the recognition process. To achieve 3D pose estimation of rigid objects on the ground and simplify the complexity of the algorithm, a novel pose estimation method is proposed in this paper. In this approach, based on the feature that most rigid objects on the ground have large planar areas which are horizontal on the top of the targets and vertical sides and combined with the 3D geometric characteristics of ladar range images, the planar normals of rigid targets were adopted as the vectors in the positive direction of the axes in the model coordinate system to estimate the 3D pose angles of targets.

Effects of ATPM-ET, a novel κ agonist with partial μ activity, on physical dependence and behavior sensitization in mice.

Aim: to investigate the effects of ATPM-ET [(-)-3-N-Ethylaminothiazolo [5,4-b]-N-cyclopropylmethylmorphinan hydrochloride] on physical dependence and behavioral sensitization to morphine in mice.

Methods: the pharmacological profile of ATPM-ET was characterized using competitive binding and GTPγS binding assays. We then examined the antinociceptive effects of ATPM-ET in the hot plate test.

The role of kappa-opioid receptor activation in mediating antinociception and addiction.

The kappa-opioid receptor (KOR), a member of the opioid receptor family, is widely expressed in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. Substantial evidence has shown that activation of KOR by agonists and endogenous opioid peptides in vivo may produce a strong analgesic effect that is free from the abuse potential and the adverse side effects of mu-opioid receptor (MOR) agonists, such as morphine. In addition, activation of the KOR has also been shown to exert an inverse effect on morphine-induced adverse actions, such as tolerance, reward, and impairment of learning and memory.

[Minimally invasive treatment of intertrochanteric fractures with locking compression plate in the elderly].

Objective: To study the effect of minimally invasive treatment with the locking compression plate (LCP) in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly age.

Methods: Twenty-eight cases of intertrochanteric fracture were retrospective studied from August 2007 to January 2009, included 13 males and 15 females with an average age of 78.6 years ranging from 70 to 102 years.

Adenosine A(1) receptor agonist N(6)-cyclohexyl-adenosine induced phosphorylation of delta opioid receptor and desensitization of its signaling.

Aim: To define the effect of adenosine A(1) receptor (A(1)R) on delta opioid receptor (DOR)-mediated signal transduction.

Methods: CHO cells stably expressing HA-tagged A(1)R and DOR-CFP fusion protein were used. The localization of receptors was observed using confocal microscope.

Chronic morphine treatment impaired hippocampal long-term potentiation and spatial memory via accumulation of extracellular adenosine acting on adenosine A1 receptors.

Chronic exposure to opiates impairs hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) and spatial memory, but the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Given the well known effects of adenosine, an important neuromodulator, on hippocampal neuronal excitability and synaptic plasticity, we investigated the potential effect of changes in adenosine concentrations on chronic morphine treatment-induced impairment of hippocampal CA1 LTP and spatial memory. We found that chronic treatment in mice with either increasing doses (20-100 mg/kg) of morphine for 7 d or equal daily dose (20 mg/kg) of morphine for 12 d led to a significant increase of hippocampal extracellular adenosine concentrations.

Paradoxical relationship between RAVE (relative activity versus endocytosis) values of several opioid receptor agonists and their liability to cause dependence.

Aim: To examine the relationship between the RAVE (relative activity versus endocytosis) values of opiate agonists and their dependence liability by studying several potent analgesics with special profiles in the development of physical and psychological dependence.

Methods: The effects of (-)-cis-(3R,4S,2'R) ohmefentanyl (F9202), (+)-cis-(3R,4S,2'S) ohmefentanyl (F9204), dihydroetorphine (DHE) and morphine on [(35)S]GTP gamma S binding, forskolin-stimulated cAMP accumulation, and receptor internalization were studied in CHO cells stably expressing HA-tagged mu-opioid receptors (CHO-HA-MOR). cAMP overshoot in response to the withdrawal of these compound treatments was also tested.