Ovarian Cancer and Parkinson's Disease: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study.

(1) Background: Ovarian cancer (OC) and Parkinson's disease (PD) represent a huge public health burden. The relationship of these two diseases is suggested in the literature while not fully understood. To better understand this relationship, we conducted a bidirectional Mendelian ran-domization analysis using genetic markers as a proxy.

Review of Mendelian Randomization Studies on Endometrial Cancer.

Endometrial cancer (EC) is a common gynecological cancer. In some parts of the world, the incidence and mortality of EC are on the rise. Understanding the risk factors of EC is necessary to prevent the occurrence of this disease.

Review of Mendelian Randomization Studies on Ovarian Cancer.

Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the deadliest gynecological cancers worldwide. Previous observational epidemiological studies have revealed associations between modifiable environmental risk factors and OC risk. However, these studies are prone to confounding, measurement error, and reverse causation, undermining robust causal inference.

[Research progress in effects of biochar application on crop growth and synergistic mechanism of biochar with fertilizer].

The application of biochar made from crop straw to soil has already become a research hotspot in the field of agriculture at home and abroad, because it can increase crop production capacity with specific environmental benefits. This review summarized the progress of recent research regarding the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of biochar on crop growth, with particular emphasis on the interactions between crop roots and biochar in soil. The biological effects of the interactions between fertilizer and biochar application and the probable mechanisms underlying the synergistic effect were discussed.

The homeostasis of iron and suppression of HO-1 involved in the protective effects of nimodipine on neurodegeneration induced by aluminum overloading in mice.

Aluminum intoxication can cause damage to the cognitive function and neurodegenerative diseases. In the present study, we investigated the role of iron homeostasis and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression in the protective effects of nimodipine on the neurodegeneration induced by aluminum overloading in mice. 2 microl of 0.

Dopamine-mushroom body circuit regulates saliency-based decision-making in Drosophila.

Drosophila melanogaster can make appropriate choices among alternative flight options on the basis of the relative salience of competing visual cues. We show that this choice behavior consists of early and late phases; the former requires activation of the dopaminergic system and mushroom bodies, whereas the latter is independent of these activities. Immunohistological analysis showed that mushroom bodies are densely innervated by dopaminergic axons.

[The research into functions of heme oxygenase system in brain].

Heme oxygenase(HO) is a microsomal enzyme involved in the degradation of heme, resulting in the generation of biliverdin, iron, and carbon monoxide. Two HO isoenzymes, HO-1 and HO-2, have been found to distribute widely in brain with different mechanism of regulation. Both of them may play important roles in modulating intracellular NO, balancing antioxidative/oxidative stress, and accelerating neurodegeneration.