Long-term effectiveness of group-based diabetes self-management on glycosylated haemoglobin for people with type 2 diabetes in community: a protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: The rapid rise in the prevalence of diabetes has a negative impact on patients' quality of life. Diabetes self-management group education is cost-effective and efficient for patients to control blood glucose. However, there are no consistent standards for self-management group education, and its long-term effects (≥12 months) are unclear.

Self-rated health and health-related quality of life among Chinese residents, China, 2010.

Background: Self-rated health (SRH) and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) are two outcome measures used to assess health status. However, little is known about population-based SRH and HRQOL in China.

Methods: Data from the 2010 China Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance, a nationally representative sample of 98,658 adults (≥18-year-old) residing in China, were analyzed.

[Self-rated health status among Chinese residents, China, 2010].

Objective: To investigate the self-rated health status among Chinese residents in 2010.

Methods: Data was from the Non-communicable Disease & Risk Factor Surveillance in China, 2010. A total of 98 638 adults aged ≥ 18 years were included in the study.

Endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphisms associated with susceptibility to high altitude pulmonary edema in Chinese railway construction workers at Qinghai-Tibet over 4 500 meters above sea level.

Objective: To examine whether the polymorphisms of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) gene are associated with the susceptibility to high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) in Chinese railway construction workers at Qinghai-Tibet where the altitude is over 4 500 m above sea level.

Methods: A case-control study was conducted including 149 HAPE patients in the construction workers and 160 healthy controls randomly recruited from their co-workers, matching the patients in ethnicity, age, sex, lifestyle, and working conditions. Three polymorphisms of eNOS gene, T-786C in promoter, 894G/T in exon 7, and 27bp variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) in intron 4, were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and confirmed with DNA sequencing.

Association of-238G/A and -857C/T polymorphisms of tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene promoter region with outcomes of hepatitis B virus infection.

Objectives: To determine whether -238G/A and -857C/T polymorphisms of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) gene promoter were associated with outcomes of hepatitis B virus infection.

Methods: A total of 246 HBV self-limited infected subjects and 443 chronic hepatitis B (HB) patients were recruited in this case-control study. TNF-alpha-238G/A and -857C/T gene promoter polymorphisms were examined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).

Association of polymorphism of tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene promoter region with outcome of hepatitis B virus infection.

Aim: To determine whether -238G/A and -857C/T polymorphisms of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), gene promoter and hepatitis B (HB) viral genotypes were associated with outcomes of HBV infection.

Methods: A total of 244 HBV self-limited infected subjects, 208 asymptomatic carriers, and 443 chronic HB patients were recruited to conduct a case-control study. TNF-alpha-238G/A and -857C/T gene promoter polymorphisms were examined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), and HBV genotypes were examined by nested PCR.

[Cigarette smoking and Parkinson's disease: a population based case-control study].

Objective: To explore the association with cigarette smoking for Parkinson's disease (PD).

Methods: One hundred and fourteen PD cases and 205 controls matched on gender and race were recruited from ongoing PD prevalence survey and identified at the neurological clinic of Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Face to face questionnaire interview was carried out and data on smoking and alcohol consumption were analyzed in a population-based case control study.

Parkinson's disease and smoking: an integral part of PD's etiological study.

Objective: To explore the association of Parkinson's disease (PD) with cigarette smoking.

Methods: One hundred of fourteen PD patients were compared with 205 control subjects who were matched by gender, race and residency. A previously validated questionnaire including smoking, alcohol/tea consumption as well as some other environmental exposure data was administered.