Chinese guidelines for ultrasound-guided thermal ablation of thyroid nodules (2024 Edition).

The Chinese Guidelines for Ultrasound-guided Thermal Ablation of Thyroid Nodules (2024 edition) were jointly initiated by the Ultrasound Committee of Chinese Medical Association, the Interventional Ultrasound Committee of Chinese Association of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, the Ultrasonic Intervention Committee of Chinese Colleges of Interventionalists, the Oncological Intervention Committee of Chinese Research Hospital Association, 37 multidisciplinary experts in interventional ultrasound, ultrasound medicine, endocrinology and thyroid surgery participated in the compilation of this guide, which expanded the depth and breadth of the perspective and enhanced the authority of the guide. Based on the systematic review of literatures related to ultrasound-guided thermal ablation of thyroid nodules and the professional opinions of experts, the guidelines define the indications and contraindications of thermal ablation, including pre-ablation evaluation and preparation, thermal ablation techniques and operational procedures, post-ablation follow-up, therapeutic effect evaluation, complications prevention and treatment, and the writing of medical documents for ablation. According to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE), a total of 17 objective and comprehensive recommendations were given.

Synthetic Breast Ultrasound Images: A Study to Overcome Medical Data Sharing Barriers.

The vast potential of medical big data to enhance healthcare outcomes remains underutilized due to privacy concerns, which restrict cross-center data sharing and the construction of diverse, large-scale datasets. To address this challenge, we developed a deep generative model aimed at synthesizing medical data to overcome data sharing barriers, with a focus on breast ultrasound (US) image synthesis. Specifically, we introduce CoLDiT, a conditional latent diffusion model with a transformer backbone, to generate US images of breast lesions across various Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) categories.

Harnessing Large Language Models for Structured Reporting in Breast Ultrasound: A Comparative Study of Open AI (GPT-4.0) and Microsoft Bing (GPT-4).

Objectives: To assess the capabilities of large language models (LLMs), including Open AI (GPT-4.0) and Microsoft Bing (GPT-4), in generating structured reports, the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) categories, and management recommendations from free-text breast ultrasound reports.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective study, 100 free-text breast ultrasound reports from patients who underwent surgery between January and May 2023 were gathered.

Super-resolution ultrasound and microvasculomics: a consensus statement.

This is a summary of a consensus statement on the introduction of "Ultrasound microvasculomics" produced by The Chinese Artificial Intelligence Alliance for Thyroid and Breast Ultrasound. The evaluation of microvessels is a very important part for the assessment of diseases. Super-resolution ultrasound (SRUS) microvascular imaging surpasses traditional ultrasound imaging in the morphological and functional analysis of microcirculation.

Transforming free-text radiology reports into structured reports using ChatGPT: A study on thyroid ultrasonography.

Purpose: The importance of structured radiology reports has been fully recognized, as they facilitate efficient data extraction and promote collaboration among healthcare professionals. Our purpose is to assess the accuracy and reproducibility of ChatGPT, a large language model, in generating structured thyroid ultrasound reports.

Methods: This is a retrospective study that includes 184 nodules in 136 thyroid ultrasound reports from 136 patients.

Ultrasound Viscosity Imaging in Breast Lesions: A Multicenter Prospective Study.

Rationale And Objectives: To explore and validate the clinical value of ultrasound (US) viscosity imaging in differentiating breast lesions by combining with BI-RADS, and then comparing the diagnostic performances with BI-RADS alone.

Materials And Methods: This multicenter, prospective study enrolled participants with breast lesions from June 2021 to November 2022. A development cohort (DC) and validation cohort (VC) were established.

Performance of large language models on benign prostatic hyperplasia frequently asked questions.

Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common condition, yet it is challenging for the average BPH patient to find credible and accurate information about BPH. Our goal is to evaluate and compare the accuracy and reproducibility of large language models (LLMs), including ChatGPT-3.5, ChatGPT-4, and the New Bing Chat in responding to a BPH frequently asked questions (FAQs) questionnaire.

Complete degradation of PET waste using a thermophilic microbe-enzyme system.

Enzymatic degradation has been proposed as a suitable solution for addressing PET pollution, but approximately 10 % of PET is left as nonbiodegradable. Microbes can completely degrade PET at the gram level per year. Based on the complementary benefits of microbes and enzymes, a microbe-enzyme system was created to completely degrade PET.

Comparison of the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation and microwave ablation for the treatment of unifocal papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: a retrospective study.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided RFA and MWA in the treatment of unifocal PTMC.

Methods: This retrospective study included 512 patients with 512 unifocal papillary thyroid microcarcinomas (PTMCs) who underwent RFA ( = 346) and MWA ( = 166) between January 2021 and December 2021. The volumes of the ablation areas were measured during follow-up, and the volume reduction rates were evaluated.

Volume reduction rate of radiofrequency ablation in ≤ 2 cm Bethesda IV thyroid nodules.

Objective: This prospective observational study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in treating ≤ 2 cm thyroid nodules with Bethesda IV cytology and C-TIRADS 4A categorization. Additionally, the factors influencing the completed absorption of ablation (CAA) were examined.

Methods: A total of 62 cases with 62 nodules underwent ultrasound-guided RFA and were included in the study.

Markedly hypoechoic: a new definition improves the diagnostic performance of thyroid ultrasound.

Objectives: To determine the contribution of a modified definition of markedly hypoechoic in the differential diagnosis of thyroid nodules.

Methods: A total of 1031 thyroid nodules were included in this retrospective multicenter study. All of the nodules were examined with US before surgery.

2022 Expert consensus on the use of laser ablation for papillary thyroid microcarcinoma.

Objective: With the aim of standardizing and improving the use of ultrasound-guided PLA on PTMC, a panel of experts from China and Italy, jointly issued this expert consensus on the clinical use of PLA for low-risk PTMC.

Methods: This expert consensus was developed by Chinese and Italian experts who have specific competence and expertise in this area. An evidence-based approach combining the knowledge and practical experience of the panelists was utilized.

Long-term follow-up ultrasonography surveillance in a large cohort of patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the predictive factors as well as the time and age course of recurrence/persistence in a large cohort of postoperative patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) based on the long-term ultrasonography (US) follow-up data.

Methods: Between January 2007 and December 2016, 3106 patients underwent surgery for PTC and at least two postoperative US follow-up examination over more than three years. Tumor recurrence/persistence was confirmed based on the follow-up US data and histopathological results.

Efficacy of Lauromacrogol Injection for Ablation of Benign Predominantly Cystic Thyroid Nodules and Related Factors: A Prospective Study.

Objective: To prospectively evaluate the efficacy of lauromacrogol injection for ablation (LIA) of benign predominantly cystic thyroid nodules and its related factors.

Materials And Methods: A total of 142 benign predominantly cystic thyroid nodules (median volume, 12.5 mL; range, 0.

Shear wave elastography and pulsed doppler for breast lesions: Similar diagnostic performance and positively correlated stiffness and blood flow resistance.

Purpose: To compare the diagnostic performance of shear wave elastography (SWE) and pulsed Doppler ultrasound in breast lesions, and to explore whether the quantitative SWE parameters correlated with pulsed Doppler ultrasound parameters.

Materials And Methods: Seventy-nine patients with 79 breast lesions who had undergone conventional ultrasound, pulsed Doppler ultrasound and SWE examination were included. All of them underwent core needle biopsy or surgery within one week.

Multidisciplinary team efforts to improve the pregnancy outcome of pregnancy complicated with primary hyperparathyroidism: case series from a single hospital.

Background: There is no consensus or management algorithm for primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in pregnancy.

Methods: This study comprises a retrospective case series. From August 2014 to December 2020, 9 cases of PHPT in pregnancy were diagnosed by a multidisciplinary team (MDT) consultation center of obstetrics in our hospital.

Comparison of Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Cytology Quality in Thyroid Nodules with 22-, 23-, and 25-Gauge Needles.

Objective: To compare the cytology quality of ultrasound-guided fine-needle biopsy in thyroid nodules with 22-, 23-, and 25-gauge (G) needles prospectively.

Methods: A total of 240 consecutive nodules underwent ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (USG-FNA) and 240 nodules underwent ultrasound-guided fine-needle capillary (USG-FNC) were included in this prospective study from October 2014 to February 2016. Each nodule was sampled using 22 G, 23 G, and 25 G needle according to designed orders, and 1240 smears were finally obtained.

Thyroid Parenchyma Microcalcifications on Ultrasound for Predicting Lymph Node Metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Prospective Multicenter Study in China.

Cervical lymph node metastasis (LNM) was found to be clinically significant prognostic factors of patients with papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC). Ultrasound (US) characteristics of thyroid nodules and thyroid parenchyma may be used to predict LNM. To investigate the value of nodular US features as well as thyroid parenchymal microcalcifications on US in predicting LNM in patients with PTC.

Breast Elasticity Imaging Techniques: Comparison of Strain Elastography and Shear-Wave Elastography in the Same Population.

Our purpose was to compare the diagnostic performances of strain elastography (SE) and shear-wave elastography (SWE) in differentiating breast lesions by combining with conventional ultrasound (US). A total of 198 patients with 203 breast lesions underwent conventional US, SE and SWE examination using MyLab 90 and Aixplorer US systems. The SE parameters were SEscore, fat-to-lesion ratio, gland-to-lesion ratio, muscle-to-lesion ratio and SEmean, and the SWE parameters were Emax, Emean, Emin and Esd.

Thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TIRADS) for ultrasound features of nodules: multicentric retrospective study in China.

Purpose: To establish a practical and simplified Chinese thyroid imaging reporting and data system (C-TIRADS) based on the Chinese patient database.

Methods: A total of 2141 thyroid nodules that were neither cystic nor spongy were used in the current study. These specimens were derived from 2141 patients in 131 alliance hospitals of the Chinese Artificial Intelligence Alliance for Thyroid and Breast Ultrasound.

2020 Chinese guidelines for ultrasound malignancy risk stratification of thyroid nodules: the C-TIRADS.

Thyroid nodules are very common all over the world, and China is no exception. Ultrasound plays an important role in determining the risk stratification of thyroid nodules, which is critical for clinical management of thyroid nodules. For the past few years, many versions of TIRADS (Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System) have been put forward by several institutions with the aim to identify whether nodules require fine-needle biopsy or ultrasound follow-up.

Sex-dependent changes in the skin mucus metabolome of discus fish (Symphysodon haraldi) during biparental care.

Discus fish Symphysodon spp. employs an unusual parental care where fry feed on parental skin mucus after hatching. Here, we investigated the mucus metabolites of parental and non-parental discus by using non-targeted metabolomics.