Effects of different fertilization treatments on soil microbial functional diversity of dry tableland wheat field in south Shanxi Province.

Understanding the effects of different fertilization treatments on microbial functional diversity in loess tableland wheat soil in south Shanxi Province can provide the theoretical basis from the perspective of microbial functional diversity for chemical fertilizer reduction, wheat yield increase, and soil fertility improvement in dryland soil. We conducted a long-term field experiment with seven fertilization treatments in winter wheat cultivation area of loess tableland in south Shanxi Province, including straw charcoal fertilizer (SF), bacterial fertilizer (BF), organic fertilizer (OF), humic acid fertilizer (HF), monitoring fertilizer (MF), farmer fertilizer (FF) and no fertilizer (CK). We employed Biolog-ECO microplate technique to investigate the differences of carbon source utilization capacity and functional diversity of soil microorganisms.

[Decomposition dynamics and driving factors of manure in reclaimed soils in coal mining area].

Understanding the decomposition dynamics and driving factors of manure in the soil subjected to different reclaimed years could provide theoretical basis to rational utilization of manure and soil fertility improvement in coal mining area. Cattle manure and pig manure were mixed with soils subjected to different reclaimed years (one year, R; 10 years, R; and 30 years, R) at the ratio of manure carbon to soil mass of 4 to 100, so as to examine manure decomposition characteristics using the nylon mesh bag (15 cm deep of soil buried) in the Shanxi coal mine reclamation area, with no manure addition as control (CK). Soil samples were collected at day 12, 23, 55, 218, 281, and 365 to measure the contents of soil manure residual, soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and dissolved organic carbon (DOC).

[Isolation, identification, and degradation characteristics of three effective PAHs degradation strains].

Isolating dominant strains for the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is of great practical significance for the restoration of ecosystem polluted by PAHs. A total of 11 strains with capacity of degrading PAHs were obtained from soil polluted by PAHs around a coking plant, by enrichment culture, acclimation, and plate isolation. Three of them with effective PAH-degrading capability were identified and screened out by morphological observation, physiobiochemical characterization, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and respectively, named as DJ-3, DJ-8 and DJ-10.

The distinct microbial community in Aurelia coerulea polyps versus medusae and its dynamics after exposure to Co-γ radiation.

Radiation (e.g., nuclear leakage) is a common harmful factor in the ocean that potentially affects the microbial community in nearby benthic hosts such as jellyfish polyps, which is essential for the maintenance of jellyfish populations and high-quality medusae.

Contrast in soil microbial metabolic functional diversity to fertilization and crop rotation under rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere in the coal gangue landfill reclamation area of Loess Hills.

Very poor reclaimed soil quality and weak microbial activity occur in the reclamation area of a coal gangue landfill in the Loess Hills. The fourth and fifth years after farmland soil was reclaimed were studied, and the changes in and carbon source utilization characteristics of rhizosphere (R) and non-rhizosphere (S) soil microorganisms under organic and inorganic (OF), inorganic (F), and organic (O) fertilizer application and a control treatment (CK) in soybean (S) and maize (M) rotation systems were compared and analysed in Guljiao Tunlan, Shanxi Province, China. Biolog-EcoPlate technology was used to analyse the mechanism of soil characteristic change from the perspective of soil microbial metabolism function to provide a theoretical basis for reclamation and ecological reconstruction in this area.

[Effect of applying phosphorus bacteria fertilizer on bacterial diversity and phosphorus availability in reclaimed soil.].

A located field experiment of applying phosphorus bacteria fertilizer for five years was carried out to study the effects of applying phosphorus bacteria fertilizer on the characteristics of microbial community structure in reclaimed soil. We studied the diversity of bacterial community using 16S rDNA gene sequencing and analyzed the relationship between bacterial community and Olsen-P, alkaline phosphatase. Seven treatments including control, chemical fertilizer, manure, manure and chemical fertilizer, chemical fertilizer and phosphorus bacteria, manure and phosphorus bacteria, and, manure,chemical fertilizer and phosphorus bacteria were conducted.

[Screening, identification and phosphate-solubilizing characteristics of Rahnella sp. phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in calcareous soil].

Several strains of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria were isolated and screened from the crop rhizosphere of calcareous soil in Shanxi Province of China. After repeated isolation and purification, the strain W25 with strong phosphate-solubilizing activity was obtained, and identified as Rahnella sp., based on the morphological, physiological and biochemical properties and the analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequence.

[Change characteristics of soil moisture and nutrients in rain-fed winter wheat field under different fertilization modes in Southern Shanxi of China during summer fallow period].

In 2009-2011, a field experiment was conducted in a rain-fed winter wheat field in Southern Shanxi of China to study the effects of different fertilization modes on the change characteristics of soil moisture and nitrate-N contents in 0-200 cm layer and of soil available phosphorus (Oslen-P) and potassium contents in 0-40 cm layer during summer fallow period (from June to September). Three fertilization modes were installed, i. e.

[Effects of watering and nitrogen fertilization on the growth, grain yield, and water- and nitrogen use efficiency of winter wheat].

A field experiment with split-plot design was conducted to study the effects of watering, nitrogen fertilization, and their interactions on the growth, grain yield, and water- and nitrogen use efficiency of winter wheat. Four watering levels (0, 900, 1200, and 1500 m3 x hm(-2)) in main plots and five nitrogen fertilization levels (0, 90, 150, 210, and 270 kg N x hm(-2)) in sub-plots were designed. The results showed that the grain yield, nitrogen absorption, nitrogen use efficiency, and nitrogen productive efficiency of winter wheat increased with increasing level of watering, but the nitrogen use efficiency and nitrogen productive efficiency decreased with increasing nitrogen fertilization level.

[Effects of nitrogen application and ridge film furrow planting on water use of winter wheat in dry land of south Shanxi].

A 2-year (2008-2010) field experiment was conducted to study the effects of basal dressing nitrogen, topdressing nitrogen, and ridge film furrow planting on the 0-2 m soil moisture status and the grain yield and water use efficiency of winter wheat in rain-fed area of South Shanxi Province. In all treatments, the soil moisture status during winter wheat growth period had the same change trend, being increased steadily from pre-sowing to revival stage and decreased sharply from revival stage to heading stage, and then increased gradually till maturity stage. From revival stage to heading stage, the soil water consumption was the most.