Xanthan gum protects temporomandibular chondrocytes from IL‑1β through Pin1/NF‑κB signaling pathway.

Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a complicated and multi‑factorial disease related to inflammation and cartilage destruction. Intra‑articular injection of xanthan gum (XG) has been demonstrated to protect the joint cartilage and reduce osteoarthritis progression. However, the role and mechanism of XG in TMD is still unclear.