Limitation of summer extreme high temperatures on radial growth relieve with increasing latitude in subtropics.

Global warming has induced an increase in the intensity and frequency of summer extreme high temperature events in Chinese subtropical forest, which contributes to a large component of net primary ecological production among global forests. However, how summer extreme high temperature events would influence tree radial growth in these humid subtropical forest remains unclear. We investigated the non-linear response of tree radial growth to temperature, soil moisture and their mixed effect across broad latitude gradients in Chinese subtropical forests, using a method of modelling cambial growth kinetics of Schima superba.

Growth trends clustering: A novel method for detecting forest disturbances and extracting climate signals in tree rings.

Tree-ring widths contain valuable historical information related to both forest disturbances and climate variability and changes within forests. However, current methods are still unable to accurately distinguish between disturbances and climate signals in tree rings, especially in the case of climate anomalies. To address this issue, we developed a novel method, called Growth Trends Clustering (GTC) that uses the distribution characteristics of tree-ring widths within a stand to distinguish the effects of climate and other forest disturbances.

Aflibercept combined with triamcinolone acetonide in the treatment of diabetic macular edema: optical coherence tomography and optical coherence tomography angiography.

Aim: To analyze the relationship between optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) imaging in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) who are treated with a combination of aflibercept and triamcinolone acetonide (TA).

Methods: A total of 76 eyes newly diagnosed DME were included in this study. They were randomly assigned to receive either aflibercept or a combination of aflibercept and TA.

PdmIRD: missense variants pathogenicity prediction for inherited retinal diseases in a disease-specific manner.

Accurate discrimination of pathogenic and nonpathogenic variation remains an enormous challenge in clinical genetic testing of inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) patients. Computational methods for predicting variant pathogenicity are the main solutions for this dilemma. The majority of the state-of-the-art variant pathogenicity prediction tools disregard the differences in characteristics among different genes and treat all types of mutations equally.

High preseason temperature variability drives convergence of xylem phenology in the Northern Hemisphere conifers.

Wood growth is key to understanding the feedback of forest ecosystems to the ongoing climate warming. An increase in spatial synchrony (i.e.

Interguild fungal competition in litter and soil inversely modulate microbial necromass accumulation during Loess Plateau forest succession.

Microbial interactions determine ecosystem carbon (C) and nutrient cycling, yet it remains unclear how interguild fungal interactions modulate microbial residue contribution to soil C pools (SOC) during forest succession. Here, we present a region-wide investigation of the relative dominance of saprophytic versus symbiotic fungi in litter and soil compartments, exploring their linkages to soil microbial residue pools and potential drivers along a chronosequence of secondary Chinese pine (Pinus tabulaeformis) forests on the Loess Plateau. Despite minor changes in C and nitrogen (N) stocks in the litter or soil layers across successional stages, we found significantly lower soil phosphorus (P) stocks, higher ratios of soil C: N, soil N: P and soil C: P but lower ratios of litter C: N and litter C: P in old (>75 years) than young stands (<30 years).

VS-Cambium-Developer: A New Predictive Model of Cambium Functioning under the Influence of Environmental Factors.

Climate changes influence seasonal tree-ring formation. The result is a specific cell structure dependent on internal processes and external environmental factors. One way to investigate and analyze these relationships is to apply diverse simulation models of tree-ring growth.

Precipitation regulates the responses of xylem phenology of two dominant tree species to temperature in arid and semi-arid forest of the southern Altai Mountains.

Arid and semi-arid forests are important carbon sinks, with implications for the global carbon balance. However, the impacts of climate warming on the growth of arid and semi-arid forest tree species and ecosystem carbon sink dynamics remain uncertain because the effects of the complex interactions between precipitation and temperature on xylem phenology are not clearly understood. Here, we monitored xylem formation over two years in two dominant tree species (Siberian larch, Larix sibirica Ledeb.

Application of Ceriporia lacerata HG2011 as biocontrol agent against multiple phytopathogenic fungi and oomycetes.

Overuse of fungicides to control crop diseases results in ecological damage, environmental pollution, and human health risks. Biocontrol is an increasingly popular alternative in plant disease management due to sustainability and environmental friendliness. Herein, antagonistic tests and greenhouse experiments were conducted to investigate the antagonism of a self-isolated white-rot fungus Ceriporia lacerata HG2011 against phytopathogens in vitro, the underlying mechanism exerted by this fungus, and disease control efficiency in the greenhouse.

Climate warming leads to advanced fruit development period of temperate woody species but divergent changes in its length.

Climate warming has significantly altered the phenology of plants in recent decades. However, in contrast to the widely reported warming-induced extension of vegetative growing season, the response of fruit development period (FDP) from flowering to fruiting remains largely unexplored, particularly for woody plants. Analyzing >560,000 in situ observations of both flowering and fruiting dates for six temperate woody species across 2958 European phenological observations sites during 1980-2013, we found that in all species both flowering and fruiting phenology, that is, the FDP, advanced with climate warming.

Environmental factors have a major effect in shaping the gene expression of Siberian larch in the Altai Mountains of China.

The differentiation of gene expression is an important link between genotype and phenotype and has important contributions to species adaptation and ecosystem evolution. As a major component of the world's forests, boreal forests play an important role in regulating the global climate, and the phenology of tree species has been and is undergoing changes during global warming. Here, to understand the impact of global warming on gene expression in boreal forest species, we used PacBio and Illumina sequencing methods to study the transcriptome of natural populations of Siberian larch (Larix sibirica Ledeb.

Multi-slice spiral computed tomography in diagnosing unstable pelvic fractures in elderly and effect of less invasive stabilization.

Background: Older people are more likely to experience pelvic fractures than younger people. Multi-slice spiral computed tomography (CT) uses three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction technology to generate 3D images that can clearly demonstrate the 3D space of fractures and detect fractures at a higher rate.

Aim: To investigate the clinical value of multi-slice spiral CT 3D reconstruction in the diagnosis of unstable pelvic fractures in the elderly as well as the effect of less invasive stabilization.

Effects of nitrogen addition and increased precipitation on xylem growth of Quercus acutissima Caruth. in central China.

Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition and increasing precipitation affect carbon sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems, but how these two concurrent global change variables affect xylem growth in trees (i.e., independently or interactively) remains unclear.

A circular RNA, circUSP36, accelerates endothelial cell dysfunction in atherosclerosis by adsorbing miR-637 to enhance WNT4 expression.

Atherosclerosis is a fatal disorder that is fundamental to various cardiovascular diseases and severely threatens people's health worldwide. Several studies have demonstrated the role of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. circUSP36 acts as a key modulator in the progression of atherosclerosis, but the molecular mechanism underlying this role is as yet unclear.

Auxin concentration and xylem production of Pinus massoniana in a subtropical forest in south China.

Auxin is involved in various developmental processes of plants, including cell division in cambium and xylem differentiation. However, most studies linking auxin and xylem cell production are performed in environments with a strong seasonality (i.e.

Photoperiod and temperature as dominant environmental drivers triggering secondary growth resumption in Northern Hemisphere conifers.

Wood formation consumes around 15% of the anthropogenic CO emissions per year and plays a critical role in long-term sequestration of carbon on Earth. However, the exogenous factors driving wood formation onset and the underlying cellular mechanisms are still poorly understood and quantified, and this hampers an effective assessment of terrestrial forest productivity and carbon budget under global warming. Here, we used an extensive collection of unique datasets of weekly xylem tissue formation (wood formation) from 21 coniferous species across the Northern Hemisphere (latitudes 23 to 67°N) to present a quantitative demonstration that the onset of wood formation in Northern Hemisphere conifers is primarily driven by photoperiod and mean annual temperature (MAT), and only secondarily by spring forcing, winter chilling, and moisture availability.

[Effect of different fertilization treatments on growth,secondary metabolites,and seed yield and quality of Perilla frutescens].

Perilla frutescens,an annual plant in Labiatae family,is grown throughout China and can be used for medicine purposes and as food additives. The present field experiment was carried out to study the effects of different fertilizer treatments on the concentrations and accumulations of antioxidant components,including flavonoids and polyphenols,growth,seed yields and qualities of this plant.The main aim of this study is to provide farmers some advice for improving the yields and qualities of P.

Responses of bud-break phenology to daily-asymmetric warming: daytime warming intensifies the advancement of bud break.

There is evidence that the ongoing climate change is happening through nighttime rather than daytime warming. How such a daily-asymmetric warming modifies plant phenology is still unclear. We investigated the effects of asymmetric warming on bud break by daily monitoring seedlings belonging to 26 black spruce [Picea mariana (Mill.

Long-term changes in the impacts of global warming on leaf phenology of four temperate tree species.

Contrary to the generally advanced spring leaf unfolding under global warming, the effects of the climate warming on autumn leaf senescence are highly variable with advanced, delayed, and unchanged patterns being all reported. Using one million records of leaf phenology from four dominant temperate species in Europe, we investigated the temperature sensitivities of spring leaf unfolding and autumn leaf senescence (S , advanced or delayed days per degree Celsius). The S of spring phenology in all of the four examined species showed an increase and decrease during 1951-1980 and 1981-2013, respectively.

Divergent trends in the risk of spring frost damage to trees in Europe with recent warming.

Frost events during the active growth period of plants can cause extensive frost damage with tremendous economic losses and dramatic ecological consequences. A common assumption is that climate warming may bring along a reduction in the frequency and severity of frost damage to vegetation. On the other hand, it has been argued that rising temperature in late winter and early spring might trigger the so called "false spring", that is, early onset of growth that is followed by cold spells, resulting in increased frost damage.