Macrophage metabolic reprogramming: A trigger for cardiac damage in autoimmune diseases.

Macrophage metabolic reprogramming has a central role in the progression of autoimmune and auto-inflammatory diseases. The heart is a major target organ in many autoimmune conditions and can sustain functional and structural impairments, potentially leading to irreversible cardiac damage. There is mounting clinical evidence pointing to a link between autoimmune disease and cardiac damage.

Toripalimab plus chemotherapy for first line treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (CHOICE-01): final OS and biomarker exploration of a randomized, double-blind, phase 3 trial.

A randomized double-blind phase 3 trial (CHOICE-01, NCT03856411) demonstrated that combining toripalimab with chemotherapy substantially improves progression-free survival (PFS) in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients without pretreatment. This study presents the prespecified final analysis of overall survival (OS) and biomarkers utilizing circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and tissue-based sequencing. Additionally, the analysis revealed a higher median overall survival (OS, 23.

LKB1 dictates sensitivity to immunotherapy through Skp2-mediated ubiquitination of PD-L1 protein in non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Loss-of-function mutations of (, also termed as ()) are frequently detected in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The mutant NSCLC was refractory to almost all the antitumor treatments, including programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) blockade therapy. Unfortunately, mechanisms underlying resistance to immunotherapy are not fully understood.

Investigating Influence Factors on Traffic Safety Based on a Hybrid Approach: Taking Pedestrians as an Example.

Road traffic safety is an essential component of public safety and a globally significant issue. Pedestrians, as crucial participants in traffic activities, have always been a primary focus with regard to traffic safety. In the context of the rapid advancement of intelligent transportation systems (ITS), it is crucial to explore effective strategies for preventing pedestrian fatalities in pedestrian-vehicle crashes.

Tetramethyl Cucurbit[6]uril-Porphyrin Supramolecular Polymer Enhances Photosensitization.

Porphyrins serve as photosensitizers (PS) in the realm of cancer photodynamic therapy (PDT). Upon excitation by laser light, porphyrins are capable of converting molecular oxygen into highly cytotoxic singlet oxygen (O). However, the rigid π-conjugated structure of porphyrins frequently results in the formation of aggregates in aqueous solutions, which leads to the self-quenching of the excited state.

Assembly of Recombinant Proteins into β-Sheet Fibrillating Peptide-Driven Supramolecular Hydrogels for Enhanced Diabetic Wound Healing.

Supramolecular hydrogels offer a noncovalent binding platform that preserves the bioactivity of structural molecules while enhancing their stability, particularly in the context of diabetic wound repair. In this study, we developed protein-peptide-based supramolecular hydrogels by assembling β-sheet fibrillizing peptides (designated Q11) with β-tail fused recombinant proteins. The Q11 peptides have the ability to drive the gradated assembly of N- or C-terminal β-sheet structure (β-tail) fused recombinant proteins.

Mitochondria dysfunction: A trigger for cardiovascular diseases in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD), including pericarditis, myocarditis, sudden cardiac death, coronary heart disease, and stroke, are leading contributors to morbidity and mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Emerging evidence highlights mitochondrial dysfunction as a key driver of cardiovascular pathology in SLE, with impaired oxidative phosphorylation, altered membrane potential, and disrupted metabolic processes promoting oxidative stress, inflammatory activation, and endothelial dysfunction. This review critically examines mitochondrial contributions to CVD in SLE, comparing these mechanisms with those in non-SLE CVD to highlight SLE-specific mitochondrial vulnerabilities.

Milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor 8 exerts anti-osteoarthritis effects by inhibiting apoptosis and inducing autophagy in mouse chondrocytes.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic degenerative joint disease, characterized by cartilage injury. Milk fat globule-epidermal growth factor 8 (MFG-E8) exhibited anti-inflammatory effects, with undefined mechanism in OA. Eighteen C57BL/6 J mice were randomized into Sham and destabilization of medial meniscus (DMM) groups, with DMM surgery for OA model establishment.

Amphetamine Derivatives as Potent Central Nervous System Multitarget SERT/NET/H Agents: Synthesis and Biological Evaluation.

In this research, a variety of novel amphetamine derivatives were synthesized and assessed for their potential as multifaceted antidepressant agents. Among these compounds, compound demonstrated potent inhibitory effects on both serotonin and noradrenaline transporters (SERT/NET) and high affinity for histamine H receptor (HR), and displayed low affinity for off-target receptors (H1, α1) and hERG channels, which can reduce the prolongation of the QT interval. Molecular docking studies offered a rational binding model of compound when it forms a complex with SERT, NET, and the histamine H receptor.

Health and Economic Impacts of Introducing Vaccae and Enhanced Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Management Strategies in China.

Background: China faces the highest burden of latent multidrug-resistant or rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB). We aim to evaluate the health and economic impacts of Vaccae (a novel TB vaccine) and enhanced drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) management strategies.

Methods: Using a compartmental model calibrated with national TB data, we evaluated nine interventions from 2025-2050: enhanced DR-TB management (S1); Vaccae vaccination for those with Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection targeting specific age groups (S2: adolescents, S3: adolescents and young adults, S4: working-age adults, S5: elderly); and combined strategies (S6: S2+S1, S7: S3+S1, S8: S4+S1, S9: S5+S1).

Modeling the epidemiologic impact of age-targeted vaccination for drug-resistant tuberculosis.

This study used a calibrated mathematical model to evaluate age-specific tuberculosis (TB) vaccination strategies, for drug-resistant (DR)-TB management in China. Prioritizing elderly vaccination significantly reduced multidrug-resistant or rifampicin-resistant TB incidence and mortality, while avoiding the need for second-line treatment, offering a promising approach to mitigate DR-TB burden by 2050.

The Systemic Immune Inflammation Index as a Novel Predictive Biomarker for Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury Risk Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies.

Background: Contrast-induced Acute Kidney Injury (CI-AKI) frequently occurs as a complication following PCI, making the identification of high-risk patients challenging. While the systemic immune inflammation index (SII) might aid in predicting CI-AKI, the current evidence remains insufficient.

Methods: We conducted a systematic literature search using PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, with a cut-off date of 3/20/2024.

Cordycepin Alleviates Lipopolysaccharides-Induced Preeclampsia-Like Impairments in Rats.

Introduction: Preeclampsia is a serious pregnancy complication that can lead to life-threatening conditions such as seizures, strokes, and even death. A dysregulated inflammatory response in the placenta plays a crucial role in the development of preeclampsia. Cordycepin, known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, was the focus of this study, which aimed to investigate its effects on preeclampsia.

High-Yield Preparation and Properties of Phenolic Resin-Based Carbon Microspheres.

This study aims to enhance the production efficiency of carbon microspheres (CS) and expand their potential applications. To this end, resorcinol-formaldehyde microspheres (RFS) were prepared in high yield through the modified Stöber method, utilizing resorcinol and formaldehyde as carbon sources, ammonia as a catalyst, and sodium dodecyl benzenesulfonate (SDBS) as a soft template. The resulting RFS were then carbonized to obtain high yield CS.

Effect of Fiber Characteristics on the Structure and Properties of Quartz Fiber Felt Reinforced Silica-Polybenzoxazine Aerogel Composites.

Fiber-reinforced aerogel composites are widely used for thermal protection. The properties of the fibers play a critical role in determining the structure and properties of the final aerogel composite. However, the effects of the fiber's characteristics on the structure and properties of the aerogel composite have rarely been studied.

Preparation and anticancer activity of telomerase inhibitor TAT-LPTS39 polypeptide.

Background: Telomerase is activated in most cancer cells, and thus telomerase is an ideal target for cancer therapy. The human liver-associated candidate tumour suppressor LPTS/PinX1, is the only human protein reported to bind with the telomerase catalytic subunit telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) and inhibit telomerase activity. The C-terminal fragment of LPTS/PinX1 (LPTS/PinX1290-328) contains a telomerase inhibitory domain that is needed for inhibition of telomere elongation and induction of apoptosis.

Administration of low intensity vibration and a RANKL inhibitor, alone or in combination, reduces bone loss after spinal cord injury-induced immobilization in rats.

We previously reported an ability of low-intensity vibration (LIV) to improve selected biomarkers of bone turnover and gene expression and reduce osteoclastogenesis but lacking of evident bone accrual. In this study, we demonstrate that a prolonged course of LIV that initiated at 2 weeks post-injury and continued for 8 weeks can protect against bone loss after SCI in rats. LIV stimulates bone formation and improves osteoblast differentiation potential of bone marrow stromal stem cells while inhibiting osteoclast differentiation potential of marrow hematopoietic progenitors to reduce bone resorption.

Anlotinib reverses osimertinib resistance inhibiting epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and angiogenesis in non-small cell lung cancer.

In the present, we aimed to investigate the effect of anlotinib on the potential reversal of osimertinib resistance by inhibiting the formation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and angiogenesis. In a clinical case, anlotinib reversed osimertinib resistance in Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We performed an immunohistochemical experiment on tumor tissues from three non-small cell lung cancer patients exhibiting osimertinib resistance to analyze alterations in the expression levels of EMT markers and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) before and after osimertinib resistance.

miR-378a-3p Regulates the BMP2-Smad Pathway to Promote Chondrogenic Differentiation of Synovium-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

This study aims to elucidate the role of miR-378a-3p in facilitating the proliferation and differentiation of synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells (SMSCs) into chondrocytes. The effects of overexpressing miR-378a-3p on SMSCs were investigated through histological analysis, quantitative PCR, and western blotting. Then we identified binding sites of miR-378a-3p with BMP2 through Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses and predictions from the RegRNA 2.

Comparative Analysis of Volatile Components in Chi-Nan and Ordinary Agarwood Aromatherapies: Implications for Sleep Improvement.

Agarwood, a precious traditional medicinal herb and fragrant material, is known for its sedative and sleep-improving properties. This study explores the mechanisms underlying the aromatherapy effects of Chi-Nan agarwood and ordinary agarwood in improving sleep. Using a combination of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), network pharmacology, and molecular docking techniques, we identified and c ompared the chemical compositions and potential molecular targets of both types of agarwood.