Exosomal miR-203 from bone marrow stem cells targets the SOCS3/NF-κB pathway to regulate neuroinflammation in temporal lobe epilepsy.

Background: Epilepsy is a prevalent chronic neurological disorder affecting 50 million individuals globally, with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) being the most common form. Despite advances in antiepileptic drug development, over 30% of patients suffer from drug-resistant epilepsy, which can lead to severe cognitive impairments and adverse psychosocial outcomes.

Aim: To explore the role of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC)-derived exosomal miR-203 in the regulation of neuroinflammation in a mouse model of epilepsy, providing a theoretical basis for the development of targeted microRNA delivery therapies for drug-resistant epilepsy.

Identification of CMY-190, a novel chromosomally encoded AmpC β-lactamase, and plasmid-encoded KPC-2 in a clinical isolate of .

This study investigates the antibiotic resistance phenotype and genotype of strain YS01, isolated from a peritoneal effusion sample, focusing on both chromosomal and plasmid-mediated resistance mechanisms to inform clinical antibiotic therapy. Our results reveal the presence of the chromosomally encoded β-lactamase CMY-190 and the plasmid-encoded carbapenemase KPC-2, which confer resistance to cephalosporins and carbapenems, respectively. CMY-190 exhibits substrate and inhibition profiles similar to AmpC β-lactamases and shares 88.

Identification of plasma exosomal microRNAs and bioinformatics analysis of the microRNA-messenger RNA regulatory pathways in mice with status epilepticus.

Unlabelled: Status epilepticus (SE) is a serious neurological emergency that brings significant risks to health and life. microRNAs (miRNAs) and their targets show involvement in the pathophysiology of SE. We identified plasma exosomal miRNAs and analyzed the miRNA-messenger RNA (mRNA) regulatory pathways in SE mice.

Immunostimulatory Hydrogel with Synergistic Blockage of Glutamine Metabolism and Chemodynamic Therapy for Postoperative Management of Glioblastoma.

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most lethal malignant brain tumors in the central nervous system. Patients face many challenges after surgery, including tumor recurrence, intracranial pressure increase due to cavitation, and limitations associated with immediate postoperative oral chemotherapy. Here an injected peptide gel with in situ immunostimulatory functions is developed to coordinate the regulation of glutamine metabolism and chemodynamic therapy for overcoming these postoperative obstacles.

High-sensitivity qPCR detection method based on silver flower-like LSPR-active material.

Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) technology offers advantages such as easy operation and high specificity, but also faces issues like lengthy detection time and low sensitivity. This paper proposes a method by using novel SERS-active silver flower-like material to enhance the fluorescence signal generated by qPCR instrument, so as to shorten the detection time and improve the detection sensitivity. In this method, silver flower-like material is first prepared on substrates using a lyotropic liquid crystal soft template combined with electrodeposition growth.

Long-term chronic exposure to benzo[a]pyrene and catechol induced multidrug resistance in lung cancer cells.

Multiple studies have raised concerns about the impact of long-term exposure to environmental pollutants on the occurrence and progression of cancer, but little is known about how these compounds affect the treatment of cancer patients. In this work, two common pollutants including benzo [a]pyrene (B [a]P) and catechol (CL) were tested for their chronic effects on the efficacy of common chemotherapeutic drug in lung cancer (A549) cells. Both pollutants were unlikely to be the substrates of ABC transporters, as their toxicity was unaffected by ABC transporter inhibitors.

Elevated serum levels of GPX4, NDUFS4, PRDX5, and TXNRD2 as predictive biomarkers for castration resistance in prostate cancer patients: an exploratory study.

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is a heterogeneous disease affecting over 14% of the male population worldwide. Although patients often respond positively to initial treatments within the first 2-3 years, many eventually develop a more lethal form of the disease known as castration-resistant PCa (CRPC). At present, no biomarkers that predict the onset of CRPC are available.

Intellectual capital, digital transformation and firms' financial performance: Evidence from ecological protection and environmental governance industry in China.

As the pace of enterprise digital transformation accelerates, intellectual capital (IC) has become a core driving force of gaining market competitive advantages and enhancing value creation capabilities. The paper aims to investigate the impact of IC and its components on financial performance of Chinese ecological protection and environmental governance companies during 2018-2021. In addition, the moderating effect of digital transformation between them is examined.

Antigenicity evaluation of the synthetic trisaccharides related to Plesiomonas shigelloides serotype O51 O-antigen containing an acetamidino group.

Bacterial surface polysaccharides are widely decorated with diverse rare functional groups. An understanding of the role of these functional groups in immunological activity of the glycans is required for the development of carbohydrate-based treatment against bacterial infectious diseases. Here, the antigenicity evaluation of synthetic trisaccharide 1 related to Plesiomonas shigelloides serotype O51 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O-antigen and its acetamido derivative 2 was achieved to elucidate the immunological importance of O-antigen structure.

Rational Design Engineering of 5-Aminolevulinate Synthase with Activity and Stability Enhancement.

5-Aminolevulinic acid synthase (ALAS) is the key rate-limiting enzyme in the synthesis of the vital biosynthetic intermediate 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA). However, its catalytic efficiency is compromised due to its low activity and poor stability. Here, we obtained the mutant I325M/V390Y/H391I (T6), which exhibited a 7.

Developing dual-responsive quinolinium prodrugs of 8-hydroxyquinoline by harnessing the dual chelating sites.

The bidentate metal ion chelator 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ) demonstrates significant potential in anticancer therapy but is hindered by adverse effects due to nonspecific chelation in normal tissues. The phenolic hydroxyl oxygen of 8-HQ has been extensively exploited to develop O-masked 8-HQ prodrugs aimed at achieving on-demand chelation. However, the equally crucial quinoline nitrogen for chelation remains underutilized.

Potential therapeutic effects of IL28RA inhibition on acute myocardial infarction through phosphorylated JAK1/STAT1 signaling pathways.

While current coronary intervention therapies and surgical bypass procedures are widely utilized, the treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in the elderly continues to pose significant challenges. Following AMI, the body's immune system is activated, resulting in the release of inflammatory mediators that exacerbate myocardial damage. Interleukin 28A (IL28A) and interleukin 28B (IL28B) may play a role in immune regulation post-AMI by specifically binding to interleukin 28 receptor alpha (IL28RA).

Comparison of surgical efficacy between direct anterior approach and posterolateral approach in the treatment of sarcopenia with femoral neck fractures.

Background: Femoral neck fracture (FNF) is a prevalent injury among the elderly, associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Total joint arthroplasty (TJA) has markedly enhanced the quality of life for many patients; however, the benefits of the direct anterior approach (DAA), which has gained popularity in recent years, remain a subject of debate. Sarcopenia frequently occurs in patients with FNF and is linked to adverse surgical outcomes.

Prediction of subpectoral direct-to-implant breast reconstruction failure based on random forest and logistic regression algorithms: A multicenter study in Chinese population.

Background: Few studies have been conducted on direct-to-implant (DTI) breast reconstruction failure, and consistent conclusions are lacking. Thus, this study aimed to comprehensively analyze the risk factors of reconstruction failure.

Methods: Patients who underwent DTI breast reconstruction after mastectomy at a single center between July 18, 2014, and January 13, 2020, were retrospectively included in this study.

Risk assessment of careHPV testing for the detection of cervical precancerous lesions: 5-year follow-up of a screening program in China.

Background: CareHPV is a highly promising screening HPV assay that functions as a simplified and rapid point-of-care test, making it particularly well-suited for low-resource areas. It exhibits high sensitivity for detecting cervical precancerous lesions in cross-sectional study design. However, there is still limited evidence on the long-term protection of careHPV testing in the practical setting.

[Spatial Correlation Network Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Industrial Carbon Emission Efficiency of Cities in Pearl River Basin].

China has experienced rapid development of urbanization and industrialization, and urban industrial carbon reduction has become the key to green and sustainable development. Exploring urban industrial carbon emissions and its spatial correlation characteristics is of great importance for promoting collaborative cooperation between cities and achieving the "dual carbon" goal. Considering 49 cities in the Pearl River Basin as research objects, the super slacks-based measure model was used to measure the urban industrial carbon emission efficiency from 2010 to 2020, and exploratory spatiotemporal data analysis was used to explore its spatial pattern.

The role of surface modification in the interactions between CdTe quantum dots and ABC transporters in lung cancer cells.

This paper aimed to investigate the role of surface modification on the potential interaction between CdTe quantum dots (QDs) and ABC transporters in doxorubicin-resistant lung cancer (A549/DOX) cells. For this purpose, CdTe QDs modified with -glutathione (GSH), -carboxy (COOH), and -amino (NH) were applied, with the former two QDs exhibiting negative potentials and the latter ones being positive. All the three QDs reduced cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner, with NH-CdTe QDs being more toxic.

Structural basis for the reaction cycle and transport mechanism of human Na-sulfate cotransporter NaS1 (SLC13A1).

Sulfate (SO) is a pivotal inorganic anion with essential roles in mammalian physiology. NaS1, a member of solute carrier 13 family and divalent anion/sodium symporter family, functions as a Na-sulfate cotransporter, facilitating sulfate (re)absorption across renal proximal tubule and small intestine epithelia. While previous studies have linked several human disorders to mutations in the gene, its transport mechanism remains unclear.

Effect of Constant Cyclic Stress Coupling on the Fatigue Behavior of 304LN Stainless Steel.

The stress state of the primary circuit main pipeline is very complex mixed constant stress and periodic cyclic stress during the operation of nuclear power plants, which often affects the failure behavior of the stainless steel (SS) pipe. The fatigue behavior of 304LN SS under mixed constant stress and cyclic stress was investigated, and it was found that the coupling effect of constant stress and cyclic stress has a significant collaborative acceleration on the fatigue behavior. The research results showed that the cracks in the 304LN SS did not propagate even after 78 days under both constant load conditions of 5 KN and 7.

Engineered melatonin-pretreated plasma exosomes repair traumatic spinal cord injury by regulating miR-138-5p/SOX4 axis mediated microglia polarization.

Background: Neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in the repair of spinal cord injury (SCI), with microglia, pivotal in neuroinflammation, driving either degeneration or recovery in this pathological process. Recently, plasma-derived exosomes (denoted Exos) have presented a high capacity for promoting functional recovery of SCI through the anti-inflammatory effects, and pretreated exosomes are associated with better outcomes. Thus, we aimed to explore whether melatonin-pretreated plasma-derived exosomes (denoted MExo) could exert superior effects on SCI, and attempted to elucidate the potential mechanisms.

Breaking dielectric dilemma via polymer functionalized perovskite piezocomposite with large current density output.

Organometal halide perovskite (OHP) composites are flexible and easy to synthesize, making them ideal for ambient mechanical energy harvesting. Yet, the output current density from the piezoelectric nanogenerators (PENGs) remains orders of magnitude lower than their ceramic counterparts. In prior composites, high permittivity nanoparticles enhance the dielectric constant (ϵ) but reduce the dielectric strength (E).

Chemical Synthesis of Conjugation-Ready Trisaccharides Corresponding to Biological Repeating Units of Serotype 10 and 19 -Antigens.

Here we report the chemical synthesis of conjugation-ready trisaccharides, representing biological repeating units of serotype 10 and 19 -antigens. The α-d-QuiN glycosidic bond was stereoselectively synthesized through TMSI─PhP═O mediated 1,2- glycosylation. Selective oxidation of the C6-OH group at the disaccharide stage allowed for benzylidene-promoted construction of the α-l-GalN glycosidic bond and simplification of the postglycosylation process at the trisaccharide stage.

Study on the Antidepressant Effect of Zhizichi Decoction by Regulating Metabolism and Intestinal Flora.

Background: The incidence of depression is increasing year by year, and Zhizichi Decoction（ZZCD）has shown significant efficiency in the clinical treatment of mild depression, but its mechanism of action is still unclear. In this research, network pharmacology and metagenomics combined and metabolomics were used as research methods to explain the scientific connotation of the antidepressant effect of ZZCD from the aspects of the overall effect of organisms and microbial structure and function.

Methods: The rat model of depression was established by chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS), and the improvement of depressive symptoms was evaluated by behavioral and histopathological methods.