Publications by authors named "Jian Xing"

This paper proposes a multispectral temperature measurement method integrating multiple information sources to address inaccuracies in target temperature measurements in multispectral thermometry when emissivity is unknown. This algorithm leverages convolutional neural networks for image recognition to convert one-dimensional voltage data into two-dimensional voltage spectral images. To enhance accuracy, it combines emissivity trend inversion with emissivity constraint algorithms.

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To address the significantly elevated safety risks associated with construction workers' improper use of helmets and reflective clothing, we propose an enhanced YOLOv8 model tailored for safety wear detection. Firstly, this study introduces the P2 detection layer within the YOLOv8 architecture, which substantially enriches semantic feature representation. Additionally, a lightweight Ghost module is integrated to replace the original backbone of YOLOv8, thereby reducing the parameter count and computational burden.

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Patients at high risk of deep vein thrombosis are recommended to undergo lower-extremity ultrasonography to screen for pulmonary embolism (PE); however, there are few reports on whether this can effectively reduce the occurrence of fatal pulmonary embolism (FPE). This study aimed to assess the risk factors associated with PE and to investigate whether perioperative ultrasound screening of lower extremity veins in orthopedic patients can effectively reduce the incidence of FPE. We enrolled 137 patients with PE who underwent orthopedic surgery between 2013 and 2020.

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Article Synopsis
  • Photosynthetic organisms have diverse light-harvesting complexes (LHCs) that connect with photosystem I (PSI) to form supercomplexes, but their binding mechanisms are not fully understood.* -
  • This study determined the structure of a PSI supercomplex containing fucoxanthin chlorophyll-binding proteins (FCPs) from the diatom CCMP1335, identifying five specific FCPI subunits.* -
  • Structural analyses revealed important protein interactions and evolutionary conservation of motifs that help FCPI subunits selectively bind to PSI, advancing our understanding of diatom assembly processes.*
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Purpose: This study delves into the hemodynamic characteristics of Vertebrobasilar Artery Fenestration (VBAF) combined with Vertebrobasilar Dolichoectasia (VBD) using Magnetic Resonance Angiography (MRA). By summarizing the hemodynamic features and identifying high-risk populations, we aim to provide insights for clinical treatment.

Methods: Utilizing MRA images as a foundation, arterial three-dimensional geometric models were constructed.

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Triterpenoids have wide applications in the pharmaceutical and agricultural industries. The glycosylation of triterpenoids catalyzed by UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs) is a crucial method for producing valuable derivatives with enhanced functions. However, only a few UDP-glucosyltransferases have been reported to synthesize the rare triterpenoids with linear-chain trisaccharide at C3-OH.

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In an attempt to repair injured central nervous system (CNS) nerves/tracts, immune cells are recruited into the injury site, but endogenous response in adult mammals is insufficient for promoting regeneration of severed axons. Here, we found that a portion of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) CNS projection neurons that survive after optic nerve crush (ONC) injury are enriched for and upregulate fibronectin (Fn)-interacting integrins Itga5 and ItgaV, and that Fn promotes long-term survival and long-distance axon regeneration of a portion of axotomized adult RGCs in culture. We then show that, Fn is developmentally downregulated in the axonal tracts of optic nerve and spinal cord, but injury-activated macrophages/microglia upregulate Fn while axon regeneration-promoting zymosan augments their recruitment (and thereby increases Fn levels) in the injured optic nerve.

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  • A new method for creating nitrones has been developed using a palladium-based technique that combines nitro compounds and alcohols.
  • This process is mild, easy to use, doesn't require additional chemicals, and can be scaled up for larger production.
  • Nitrones are important building blocks for various chemical compounds and can be efficiently produced from inexpensive, readily available materials using this method.
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Most traditional synthetic dyes and functional reagents used in silk fabrics are not biodegradable and lack green environmental protection. Natural dyes have attracted more and more attention because of their coloring, functionalization effects, and environmental benefits. In this study, natural dyes were extracted from lac and used for coloring and functionalization in silk fabrics without any other harmful dyes.

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  • Cracks are an early sign of distress in asphalt pavements, but traditional detection methods using visible light sensors struggle in low-light conditions.
  • This paper introduces a new technique that combines visible and infrared images using YOLOV5 for improved crack detection, along with an illumination-aware module for better training.
  • The proposed method not only reduces training time by 40% compared to single backbone networks but also achieves 98.3% accuracy in detecting small cracks (5 pixels) even in weak lighting conditions, outperforming existing models.
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  • * Traditional fibrous filters, often treated with electret to enhance filtration, face issues like degradation and environmental pollution due to their non-recyclable nature.
  • * This study explores creating fully degradable polylactic acid (PLA) filtration composites using porous PLA nanofibers, which showed significantly better filtration efficiency (99.9989%) and lower pressure drop compared to conventional fibers, without needing electret treatment.
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The treatment of patellar tendon injury has always been an unsolved problem, and mechanical characterization is very important for its repair and reconstruction. Elastin is a contributor to mechanics, but it is not clear how it affects the elasticity, viscoelastic properties, and structure of patellar tendon. The patellar tendons from six fresh adult experimental pigs were used in this study and they were made into 77 samples.

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  • - The study focuses on optimizing the process parameters for synthesizing bromoisobutyryl esterified starch-g-poly(acrylic acid) (BBES-g-PAA) using electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (ARGET ATRP) for applications in warp sizing and paper-making.
  • - Ideal synthesis parameters identified were molar ratios of 1.2 for vitamin C, 0.32 for CuBr, and 0.6 for pentamethyldivinyltriamine to BBES at 40 °C for 5 hours, resulting in a grafting ratio of 4.63-14.14%.
  • - The BBES-g-PAA samples demonstrated significantly improved bonding forces and film elongations
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It is urgent to develop a polyamide (PA) thin-film composite (TFC) membrane with a new method in this study by designing and constructing a new nanomaterial support layer instead of the conventional support layer. Polydopamine-wrapped single-walled carbon nanotubes (PDA@MWCNTs) as the place of the polymerization reaction can optimize the PA film structure and performance. The resulting composite membrane presents a higher water flux of 15.

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Nuclear factor erythroid 2 like (Nfe2l) gene family members 1-3 mediate cellular response to oxidative stress, including in the central nervous system (CNS). However, neuronal functions of Nfe2l3 are unknown. Here, we comparatively evaluated expression of Nfe2l1, Nfe2l2, and Nfe2l3 in singe cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq)-profiled cortical and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) CNS projection neurons, investigated whether Nfe2l3 regulates neuroprotection and axon regeneration after CNS injury in vivo, and characterized a gene network associated with Nfe2l3 in neurons.

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Background: The M1/M2 polarization of intestinal macrophages exerts an essential function in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC), which can be adjusted to alleviate the UC symptoms.

Purpose: A kind of pH-sensitive lipid calcium phosphate core-shell nanoparticles (NPs), co-loading with dexamethasone (Dex) and its water-soluble salts, dexamethasone sodium phosphate (Dsp), was constructed to comprehensively regulate macrophages in different states towards the M2 phenotype to promote anti-inflammatory effects.

Methods: Dex and Dsp were loaded in the outer lipid shell and inner lipid calcium phosphate (Cap) core of the LCaP NPs, respectively.

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Numerous micro-RNAs (miRNAs) affect neurodevelopment and neuroprotection, but potential roles of many miRNAs in regulating these processes are still unknown. Here, we used the retinal ganglion cell (RGC) central nervous system (CNS) projection neuron and optic nerve crush (ONC) injury model, to optimize a mature miRNA arm-specific quantification method for characterizing the developmental regulation of miR-1247-5p in RGCs, investigated whether injury affects its expression, and tested whether upregulating miR-1247-5p-mimic in RGCs promotes neuroprotection and axon regeneration. We found that, miR-1247-5p is developmentally-downregulated in RGCs, and is further downregulated after ONC.

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The Retinoic acid-Inducible Gene I (RIG-I) like receptors (RLRs) are the major viral RNA sensors essential for the initiation of antiviral immune responses. RLRs are subjected to stringent transcriptional and posttranslational regulations, of which ubiquitination is one of the most important. However, the role of ubiquitination in RLR transcription is unknown.

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  • - A new method has been created for synthesizing indanone derivatives using a palladium-catalyzed reaction with -bromobenzaldehydes and norbornene derivatives.
  • - The process allows for the direct formation of the indanone structure through C-H activation of the aldehyde group, all while using mild reaction conditions.
  • - This innovative approach streamlines the traditional synthesis, making it simpler and more practical for quickly producing indanone compounds.
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The multispectral radiometric temperature measurement technique is affected by the unknown emissivity, and there is no multispectral radiometric temperature inversion algorithm applicable to any scene or target. To address the above problems, this paper converts the multispectral radiometric temperature inversion problem into an image recognition problem containing the temperature information to be measured, and proposes a graphical multispectral radiometric temperature adaptive inversion algorithm. In this paper, we use the difference between spectral channels to convert the one-dimensional radiation data into a two-dimensional radiation map; use the generalized inverse to obtain the spectral emissivity distribution features, fuse them with the two-dimensional radiation map, and use an improved deep learning network to achieve adaptive temperature inversion.

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  • The study identified eight flexible, exposed residues in the homotetrameric PGUS enzyme from Aspergillus oryzae that were targeted for single-point mutations to enhance protein assembly.
  • By using different polyethylene glycol (PEG) crosslinkers, particularly a longer 2kDa PEG spacer, researchers improved the thermostability of the PGUS assemblies significantly compared to the wild type.
  • Ultimately, the enhanced PGUS assemblies demonstrated their effectiveness as robust catalysts for the hydrolysis of glycyrrhizin (GL) in industrial applications, showcasing their practical utility.
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Ribosomal proteins are involved in neurodevelopment and central nervous system (CNS) disease and injury. However, the roles of specific ribosomal protein subunits in developmental axon growth, and their potential as therapeutic targets for treating CNS injuries, are still poorly understood. Here, we show that ribosomal protein large (Rpl) and small (Rps) subunit genes are substantially (56-fold) enriched amongst the genes, which are downregulated during maturation of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) CNS projection neurons.

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Drought poses a significant threat to the growth and survival of woody plants, especially , which is known for its slow and steady growth. Understanding the physiological and molecular responses of to abiotic stress is essential for developing strategies to improve its drought resistance. This study focuses on the potential vulnerability of during the initial months of root system proliferation and investigates the role of the essential oil-derived compound Taxol in enhancing its drought resistance.

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A concise and highly efficient synthesis method of direct esterification of aldehydes via Pd-catalyzed C-H bond activation of aldehyde group has been developed. The strategy avoids the preoxidation step of aldehyde or use of condensing agents in ester synthesis, which is not only applicable to various alcohols but also suitable for the esterification of phenolics which are usually difficult to be esterified. The methodology has the significant advantages of broad substrate scope, mild reaction conditions, and nonrequirement of additional oxidants.

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