Copper-Catalyzed Ligand-Free Diazidation of Olefins with TMSN in CHCN or in HO.

An environmentally benign, copper-catalyzed diazidation of a broad range of olefins, including vinylarenes, unactivated alkenes, allene, and dienes, under mild conditions with TMSN (trimethylazidosilane) as azido source, has been developed. This reaction can be carried out in organic solvent or in aqueous solution where water is the sole solvent. The functional group compatibility of this reaction is good, which is proved by late-stage functionalizations of complex substrates.

CDK7 inhibition suppresses rheumatoid arthritis inflammation via blockage of NF-κB activation and IL-1β/IL-6 secretion.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by joint swelling, joint tenderness and destruction of synovial joints, leading to severe disability. Anti-inflammatory drugs and disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) may improve RA process. However, in most patients the treatment effect is still not satisfactory.

NLRC5 deficiency ameliorates diabetic nephropathy through alleviating inflammation.

NOD-like receptor family caspase recruitment domain family domain containing 5 (NLRC5) has important roles in inflammation and innate immunity. NLRC5 was highly expressed in kidney from streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, db/ db mice and patients with diabetes. Based on that evidence, the present study was designed to explore the roles of NLRC5 in the progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN).

The MADS-Box Gene SlMBP21 Regulates Sepal Size Mediated by Ethylene and Auxin in Tomato.

Normal organ size is achieved by successful co-ordination of cell proliferation and cell expansion, which are modulated by multiple factors such as ethylene and auxin. In our work, SlMBP21-RNAi (RNA interference) tomato exhibited longer sepals and improved fruit set. Histological analysis indicated that longer sepals were attributed to cell expansion.

The impact of different surgical procedures on hypoparathyroidism after thyroidectomy: A population-based study.

The main objective of this study is to investigate the outcome between surgical procedures and the risk of development of hypoparathyroidism followed by surgical procedure in patients with thyroid disorders.We analyzed the data acquired from Taiwan's Bureau of National Health Insurance (BNHI) research database from 1998 to 2011 and found 9316 patients with thyroid surgery. Cox regression model was used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR).

Psychotropic medications prescribing trends in adolescents: A nationwide population-based study in Taiwan.

Objective: To describe psychotropic medications prescription patterns among adolescents in Taiwan; focusing on age, gender, duration of treatments and various classes of psychotropic medications.

Design: A retrospective description analysis.

Setting: Taiwan National Health Insurance Database.

LC-MS/MS quantification of 7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one (C4) in rat and monkey plasma.

7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one (C4) is an oxidative enzymatic product of cholesterol metabolism via cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase, an enzyme also known as cholesterol 7-alpha-monooxygenase or cytochrome P450 7A1 (CYP7A1). C4 is a stable intermediate in the rate limiting pathway of bile acid biosynthesis. Previous studies showed that plasma C4 levels correlated with CYP7A1 enzymatic activity and could serve as a biomarker for bile acid synthesis.

Interplay of Nanoscale, Hybrid P3HT/ZTO Interface on Optoelectronics and Photovoltaic Cells.

Photovoltaic effects in poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) (P3HT) have attracted much attention recently. Here, natively p-type doped P3HT nanofibers and n-type doped zinc tin oxide (ZTO) nanowires are used for making not only field-effect transistors (FETs) but also p-n nanoscale diodes. The hybrid P3HT/ZTO p-n heterojunction shows applications in many directions, and it also facilitates the investigation of photoelectrons and photovoltaic effects on the nanoscale.

Benzodiazepines use and breast cancer risk: A population-based study and gene expression profiling evidence.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether long-term use of Benzodiazepines (BZDs) is associated with breast cancer risk through the combination of population-based observational and gene expression profiling evidence. We conducted a population-based case-control study by using 1998 to 2009year Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database and investigated the association between BZDs use and breast cancer risk. We selected subjects age of >20years old and six eligible controls matched for age, sex and the index date (i.

Serum Procalcitonin Levels are Associated with Clinical Outcome in Intracerebral Hemorrhage.

Procalcitonin (PCT) has emerged as a new prognostic inflammatory marker in a variety of diseases. This study aimed to evaluate whether PCT is associated with increased risk of unfavorable outcome in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) patients. During January 2015-December 2016, we conducted a prospective cohort investigation involved 251 primary ICH patients who were admitted within 24 h after the onset of symptoms.

Inhibition of HDAC6 increases acetylation of peroxiredoxin1/2 and ameliorates 6-OHDA induced dopaminergic injury.

Objective: Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) has been regarded as an unusual HDAC because of its unique properties. It contains two deacetylase catalytic domains and one ubiquitin-binding domain, thus exerting both enzymatic and non-enzymatic actions on cellular function. To date, the ubiquitin-binding activity of HDAC6 has been implicated in several neurodegenerative disorders including Parkinson's disease (PD).

Effects of verapamil on the pharmacokinetics of dihydromyricetin in rats and its potential mechanism.

1. This study investigates the effects of verapamil on the pharmacokinetics of dihydromyricetin in rats and clarifies its main mechanism. 2.

Highly Enantioselective Synthesis of syn-β-Hydroxy α-Dibenzylamino Esters via DKR Asymmetric Transfer Hydrogenation and Gram-Scale Preparation of Droxidopa.

A highly efficient preparation of enantiomerically pure syn aryl β-hydroxy α-dibenzylamino esters is reported. The outcome was achieved via dynamic kinetic resolution and asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of aryl α-dibenzylamino β-keto esters. The desired products were obtained in high yields (up to 98%) with excellent diastereoselectivity (>20:1 dr) and enantioselectivity (up to >99% ee).

The Concomitant Association of Thyroid Disorders and Myasthenia Gravis.

Background: Some of the thyroid disorders (TD) and Myasthenia gravis (MG) are autoimmune related disease. The purpose of the study to evaluate the relationship of MG with all morphological and functional thyroid disorders.

Methods: We constructed a population-based cohort study during the period from January 2000-December 2002 by using reimbursement data from the Bureau National Health Insurance (NHI) system in Taiwan.

Intravenous vs Oral Acetaminophen as an Adjunct to Multimodal Analgesia After Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind Clinical Trial.

Background: The efficacy of intravenous (IV) acetaminophen compared with its oral formulation for postoperative analgesia is unknown. We hypothesized that the addition of acetaminophen to a multimodal analgesia regimen would provide improved pain management in patients after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and that the effect of acetaminophen would be variable based on the route of delivery.

Methods: The study was a single-center, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial on the efficacy of IV vs oral acetaminophen in patients undergoing unilateral TKA.

Alkyl Esterification of Vinylarenes Enabled by Visible-Light-Induced Decarboxylation.

A decarboxylative alkyl esterification of vinylarenes induced by visible light is described. A variety of alkyl diacyl peroxides synthesized from readily available aliphatic carboxylic acids are used as not only the oxygenation but also alkylation source. This simple and easy to handle reaction has a wide substrate scope, excellent yields, and works under mild reaction conditions.

Histone deacetylase 1 activates PU.1 gene transcription through regulating TAF9 deacetylation and transcription factor IID assembly.

Histone acetyltransferases and histone deacetylases (HDACs) are important epigenetic coregulators. It has been thought that HDACs associate with corepressor complexes and repress gene transcription; however, in this study, we have found that PU.1-a key master regulator for hematopoietic self-renewal and lineage specification-requires HDAC activity for gene activation.

The observation during small incision lenticule extraction for myopia with corneal opacity.

Background: To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) in the treatment of myopia with corneal opacity.

Methods: To evaluate the treatment of myopia with corneal opacity, 9 patients (4 males, 5 females) who underwent SMILE were enrolled in this prospective clinical study. One eye of each patient was treated.

A case of acute myocardial infarction after successful transcatheter closure of ventricular septal defect.

Congenital heart diseases can be treated without surgery through advances in interventional cardiology. Complications such as infection and thrombus formation may develop due to foreign materials used during these procedures. Paradoxical embolism is a rare complication of transcatheter closure of ventricular septal defect (VSD) and could be responsible for acute myocardial infarction.

The role of health system governance in strengthening the rural health insurance system in China.

Background: Systems of governance play a key role in the operation and performance of health systems. In the past six decades, China has made great advances in strengthening its health system, most notably in establishing a health insurance system that enables residents of rural areas to achieve access to essential services. Although there have been several studies of rural health insurance schemes, these have focused on coverage and service utilization, while much less attention has been given to the role of governance in designing and implementing these schemes.

Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Promotes Exercise-Induced Muscle Hypertrophy.

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) promotes exercise-induced muscle hypertrophy. Twenty-four adult Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 8 per group): normal control group (NC), treadmill exercise group (TE) and treadmill exercise + LIPUS group (TE + LIPUS). The TE + LIPUS group received a LIPUS treatment (1 MHz, 30 mW/cm) at the gastrocnemius for 20 min/d after treadmill exercise.

Simultaneous Catabolite Identification and Quantitation of Large Therapeutic Protein at the Intact Level by Immunoaffinity Capture Liquid Chromatography-High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry.

As therapeutic recombinant fusion proteins become more widely applicable for the treatment of various types of diseases, there is an increased demand for universal methods such as liquid chromatography (LC)-mass spectrometry (MS) for the determination of their pharmacokinetic properties, particularly their catabolism. The most common approach of analyzing proteins by LC-MS is to digest them into peptides, which can serve as surrogates of the protein. Alternatively, we have developed a novel high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) based approach for analyzing large-molecule proteins at the intact level in biological samples without digestion.

Physicochemical properties and cellular protection against oxidation of degraded Konjac glucomannan prepared by γ-irradiation.

Konjac glucomannan (KGM) is an important functional polysaccharide in food research. However, unstable dispersibility of KGM inhibits its in-depth study and wide application. In this study, a degraded KGM (100kGy-KGM), which showed excellent dispersibility and specific physicochemical properties, were obtained by γ-irradiation in a dosage of 100kGy.

Antitumor activity of the pachymic acid in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells.

Objective: To investigate the antitumour efficacy of pachymic acid (PA), which is a fungal extract component, on nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells CNE-1, CNE-2.

Methods: We have chosen NPC cell line CNE-2 for the study, and the cells were treated with PA before the detection. CCK-8 assay was used to detect the proliferative ability, and Annexin V-PI double staining was used for the detection of apoptosis rate; and the nucleus damage was detected by transmission electron microscope, the protein expression of the DNA damage pathway were detected by Western blot.