Prearrest hypothermia improved defibrillation and cardiac function in a rabbit ventricular fibrillation model.

Background: Hypothermia when cardiopulmonary resuscitation begins may help achieve defibrillation and return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), but few data are available.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine whether prearrest hypothermia improved defibrillation and cardiac function in a rabbit ventricular fibrillation (VF) model.

Results: Thirty-six New Zealand rabbits were randomized equally to receive normothermia (Norm) (~39°C), post-ROSC hypothermia (~33°C), or prearrest hypothermia (~33°C).

Predicting individual brain maturity using dynamic functional connectivity.

Neuroimaging-based functional connectivity (FC) analyses have revealed significant developmental trends in specific intrinsic connectivity networks linked to cognitive and behavioral maturation. However, knowledge of how brain functional maturation is associated with FC dynamics at rest is limited. Here, we examined age-related differences in the temporal variability of FC dynamics with data publicly released by the Nathan Kline Institute (NKI; n = 183, ages 7-30) and showed that dynamic inter-region interactions can be used to accurately predict individual brain maturity across development.

Sculpting bespoke mountains: Determining free energies with basis expansions.

The intriguing behavior of a wide variety of physical systems, ranging from amorphous solids or glasses to proteins, is a direct manifestation of underlying free energy landscapes riddled with local minima separated by large barriers. Exploring such landscapes has arguably become one of statistical physics's great challenges. A new method is proposed here for uniform sampling of rugged free energy surfaces.

Fragile X syndrome screening in Chinese children with unknown intellectual developmental disorder.

Background: Fragile X syndrome is the most common genetic disorder of intellectual developmental disorder/mental retardation (IDD/MR). The prevalence of FXS in a Chinese IDD children seeking diagnosis/treatment in mainland China is unknown.

Methods: Patients with unknown moderate to severe IDD were recruited from two children's hospitals.

Attomolar detection of proteins via cascade strand-displacement amplification and polystyrene nanoparticle enhancement in fluorescence polarization aptasensors.

Extremely sensitive and accurate measurements of protein markers for early detection and monitoring of diseases pose a formidable challenge. Herein, we develop a new type of amplified fluorescence polarization (FP) aptasensor based on allostery-triggered cascade strand-displacement amplification (CSDA) and polystyrene nanoparticle (PS NP) enhancement for ultrasensitive detection of proteins. The assay system consists of a fluorescent dye-labeled aptamer hairpin probe and a PS NP-modified DNA duplex (assistant DNA/trigger DNA duplex) probe with a single-stranded part and DNA polymerase.

A multicenter, randomized, trial comparing urapidil and nitroglycerin in multifactor heart failure in the elderly.

Background: Multifactor heart failure is a common life-threatening event in elderly patients and often complicated by concomitant hypertension and diabetes mellitus (DM). The aim of this study was to evaluate whether α1-blocker, urapidil, provides additional therapeutic benefits compared to nitroglycerin (NG) in treatment of multifactor heart failure complicated by hypertension and DM in elderly patients.

Methods: Seventy-two elderly consecutive patients were randomized into 2 groups that received treatment with urapidil or NG.

Predicting clinical responses in major depression using intrinsic functional connectivity.

There has been increasing interest in multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) as a means of distinguishing psychiatric patients from healthy controls using brain imaging. However, it remains unclear whether MVPA methods can accurately estimate the medication status of psychiatric patients. This study aims to develop an MVPA approach to accurately predict the antidepressant medication status of individuals with major depression on the basis of whole-brain resting-state functional connectivity MRI (rs-fcMRI).

Molecular cloning and expression analysis of the retinoid X receptor (RXR) gene in golden pompano Trachinotus ovatus fed Artemia nauplii with different enrichments.

The retinoid X receptors (RXRs) are involved in the skeletal development and other biological process such as blood vessel formation and metabolism. Partial sequences of RXRα and β genes were obtained, and their expressions were quantified on golden pompano Trachinotus ovatus at 28 days post hatching (DPH) to explore the molecular response to nutritional manipulation in fish larvae. As live food, Artemia nauplii were separately enriched with Nannochloropsis and Algamac 3080 and non-enriched Artemia nauplii (control) for fish feeding.

Transcriptome and Molecular Pathway Analysis of the Hepatopancreas in the Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei under Chronic Low-Salinity Stress.

The Pacific white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei is a euryhaline penaeid species that shows ontogenetic adaptations to salinity, with its larvae inhabiting oceanic environments and postlarvae and juveniles inhabiting estuaries and lagoons. Ontogenetic adaptations to salinity manifest in L. vannamei through strong hyper-osmoregulatory and hypo-osmoregulatory patterns and an ability to tolerate extremely low salinity levels.

Genetic profiling reveals an alarming rate of cross-contamination among human cell lines used in China.

Cell lines are widely used as in vitro model systems in biologic and medical research. However, much of the research has been invalidated by the unwitting use of false cell lines. A significant proportion of the research involving human cell lines was initiated in China.

Screening Active Compounds from Garcinia Species Native to China Reveals Novel Compounds Targeting the STAT/JAK Signaling Pathway.

Natural compounds from medicinal plants are important resources for drug development. In a panel of human tumor cells, we screened a library of the natural products from Garcinia species which have anticancer potential to identify new potential therapeutic leads and discovered that caged xanthones were highly effective at suppressing multiple cancer cell lines. Their anticancer activities mainly depended on apoptosis pathways.

Change of water sources reduces health risks from heavy metals via ingestion of water, soil, and rice in a riverine area, South China.

This study evaluates the effect of water source change on heavy metal concentrations in water, paddy soil, and rice, as well as the health risks to residents of three riverine communities in South China. The results show that after substituting the sources of drinking water, heavy metal levels (except for Pb at Tangjun) in drinking water were below WHO guideline values and the potential risk from drinking water may be negligible. The As (46.

Effect of a combination of calorie-restriction therapy and Lingguizhugan decoction on levels of fasting blood lipid and inflammatory cytokines in a high-fat diet induced hyperlipidemia rat model.

Objective: To combine calorie-restriction therapy (CRT) with Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) using Lingguizhugan Decoction and note the effects on expression of inflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin (IL)-6] in high-fat-diet induced hyperlipidemia in rats.

Methods: Forty rats were divided randomly and equally into four groups: control group A (regular feeding for 5 weeks); model group B (high-fat diet for 5 weeks), calorie-limited group C (high-fat diet for 5 weeks) and TCM calorie-limit group D (high-fat diet for 5 weeks). After modeling, groups C and D were fasted for 3 days: group C with simple fasting, and group D with TCM fasting.

Effect of blood type on survival of Chinese patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of ABO blood group in Chinese patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) after esophagectomy.

Methods: This study was a retrospective review of the records of 548 patients with ESCC who received cytoreductive surgery between October 2002 and March 2007. The prognostic impact of ABO blood group on overall survival (OS) was analyzed.

DAST-promoted Beckmann rearrangement/intramolecular cyclization of acyclic ketoximes: access to 2-oxazolines, benzimidazoles and benzoxazoles.

The first example of DAST-promoted Beckmann rearrangement/intramolecular cyclization of acyclic ketoximes is described. This unique protocol represents a direct and effective pathway to 2-oxazolines, benzimidazoles and benzoxazoles in moderate to good yields.

Genistein induces activation of the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway by inhibiting phosphorylation of Akt in colorectal cancer cells.

Context: Genistein inhibits the proliferation and induces apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells; however, the underling molecular mechanisms remain to be determined.

Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate whether genistein reduces cell viability by suppressing the phosphorylation of AKT and activating the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway in colorectal cancer cells.

Materials And Methods: The anti-proliferative effects of genistein (0, 25, 50, and 100 μM) on HCT-116 and LoVo cells were assessed using MTT assay.

Genistein inhibits human colorectal cancer growth and suppresses miR-95, Akt and SGK1.

Background: Genistein, a major isoflavonoid isolated from dietary soybean, has been shown to suppress the growth of several cancers through modulation of various pathways. However, the molecular mechanisms by which genistein elicit its effects on colorectal cancer (CRC) cells have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we aimed to investigate the anti-tumor activities of genistein on CRC and its potential mechanism.

2D Space-Confined Synthesis of Few-Layer MoS2 Anchored on Carbon Nanosheet for Lithium-Ion Battery Anode.

A facile and scalable 2D spatial confinement strategy is developed for in situ synthesizing highly crystalline MoS2 nanosheets with few layers (≤5 layers) anchored on 3D porous carbon nanosheet networks (3D FL-MoS2@PCNNs) as lithium-ion battery anode. During the synthesis, 3D self-assembly of cubic NaCl particles is adopted to not only serve as a template to direct the growth of 3D porous carbon nanosheet networks, but also create a 2D-confined space to achieve the construction of few-layer MoS2 nanosheets robustly lain on the surface of carbon nanosheet walls. In the resulting 3D architecture, the intimate contact between the surfaces of MoS2 and carbon nanosheets can effectively avoid the aggregation and restacking of MoS2 as well as remarkably enhance the structural integrity of the electrode, while the conductive matrix of 3D porous carbon nanosheet networks can ensure fast transport of both electrons and ions in the whole electrode.

[Effect of pre-arrest and post-arrest mild hypothermia on myocardial function of ventricular fibrillation after restoration of spontaneous circulation in rabbits].

Objective: To study the effect of pre-arrest and post-arrest mild hypothermia after restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) on myocardial function, ultrastructure, apoptosis of myocardial cells in rabbits with ventricular fibrillation.

Methods: Sixty-two male New Zealand rabbits were randomly allocated into five groups: namely normothermic control group (NTC group, n = 10), hypothermia control group (HTC group, n = 10), normothermic resuscitation group (NTR group, n = 14), hypothermia pre-arrest group (HPRA group, n = 14), and hypothermia post-arrest group (HPOA group, n = 14). The normal temperature was controlled at (39.

Identification of the function of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) in denitrifying phosphorus removal sludge in the presence of copper ion.

Industrial wastewater containing heavy metals that enters municipal wastewater treatment plants inevitably has a toxic impact on biological treatment processes. In this study, the impact of Cu(II) (0, 1.5, 2, 2.

Astragalus polysaccharide attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses in microglial cells: regulation of protein kinase B and nuclear factor-κB signaling.

Objectives And Design: Microglia play an important role in immune and inflammatory responses in the central nervous system. Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) has been reported as an immune stimulant for various inflammation-associated diseases in vivo. The present study investigated the effects of APS on lipopolysaccharide-stimulated inflammatory responses in microglial cells.

Effect of alternate-day fasting therapy combined with Linggui Zhugan Decoction () on hepatic oxidative stress in hyperlipidemic rat.

Objective: To observe the effect of alternate-day fasting (ADF) therapy combined with Linggui Zhugan Decoction (, LZD) on hepatic oxidative stress and blood lipids in hyperlipidemic rats.

Methods: Fifty-two Wistar rats were randomly assigned to two groups: the high-fat-diet (HF) group and the normal-diet (ND) group. Hyperlipidemia was induced by feeding rats with high-cholesterol-diet for 5 weeks.

Neutrophils with protumor potential could efficiently suppress tumor growth after cytokine priming and in presence of normal NK cells.

In tumor-bearing state, the function of neutrophils is converted from tumor-suppressing to tumor-promoting. Here we report that priming with IFN-γ and TNF-α could convert the potential of neutrophils from tumor-promoting to tumor-suppressing. The neutrophils with protumor potential have not lost their responsiveness to IFN-γ and TNF-α.

Chirality-selected phase behaviour in ionic polypeptide complexes.

Polyelectrolyte complexes present new opportunities for self-assembled soft matter. Factors determining whether the phase of the complex is solid or liquid remain unclear. Ionic polypeptides enable examination of the effects of stereochemistry on complex formation.

Comparison of endogenous metabolism during long-term anaerobic starvation of nitrite/nitrate cultivated denitrifying phosphorus removal sludges.

Denitrifying phosphorus removal (DPR) by denitrifying phosphorus-accumulating organisms (DPAOs) is a promising approach for reducing energy and carbon usage. However, influent fluctuations or interruptions frequently expose the DPAOs biomass to starvation conditions, reducing biomass activity and amount, and ultimately degrading the performance of DPR. Therefore, a better understanding of the endogenous metabolism and recovery ability of DPAOs is urgently required.