Diversity and transmissibility of RNA viruses in the small brown planthopper, .

Unlabelled: While a considerable number of viruses have been recently discovered in hematophagous insects, there remains insufficient research on virus diversity and their association with phytophagous insect hosts. In this study, we conducted a systematic investigation of the RNA virome in the small brown planthopper (SBPH), , an important vector of plant viruses. We successfully identified a total of 22 RNA viruses, including 17 novel viruses, from various families.

Three RNA helicase DDX genes are essential for the development and oocyte maturation in Laodelphax striatellus.

Background: DEAD-box protein (DDX) is a member of the DDX RNA helicase family that exerts multiple functions in RNA metabolism, cell cycle, tumorigenesis, signal pathway, and fertility, particularly in mammals. Nevertheless, the biological functions of DDXs in insects have not been fully resolved and attracted increasing attention these years. Laodelphax striatellus (Hemiptera) is a notorious rice pest through feeding on rice sap and transmitting plant viruses.

Endogenous nege-like viral elements in arthropod genomes reveal virus-host coevolution and ancient history of two plant virus families.

Unlabelled: Negevirus is a recently proposed taxon of arthropod-infecting virus, which is associated with plant viruses of two families ( and ). Nevertheless, the evolutionary history of negevirus-host and its relationship with plant viruses remain poorly understood. Endogenous nege-like viral elements (ENVEs) are ancient nege-like viral sequences integrated into the arthropod genomes, which can serve as the molecular fossil records of previous viral infection.

Genetic Characterization of Two Novel Insect-Infecting Negative-Sense RNA Viruses Identified in a Leaf Beetle, .

Herbivorous insects harbor a variety of insect-specific viruses (ISVs) some of which are considered to be valuable biological agents for potential applications in biological defense and control strategies. Leaf beetles with chewing mouthparts are particularly known for their capacity to disrupt plant tissue while feeding, often creating openings that can act as entry points for plant pathogens. In this study, we have identified two new negative-sense RNA viruses infecting the leaf beetle , an important member of the Chrysomelidae family.

The plant-sucking insect selects assembly of the gut microbiota from environment to enhance host reproduction.

Plant-sucking insects have intricate associations with a diverse array of microorganisms to facilitate their adaptation to specific ecological niches. The midgut of phytophagous true bugs is generally structured into four distinct compartments to accommodate their microbiota. Nevertheless, there is limited understanding regarding the origins of these gut microbiomes, the mechanisms behind microbial community assembly, and the interactions between gut microbiomes and their insect hosts.

Complete genome sequence of a novel amalgavirus in sponge gourd, Luffa cylindrica.

A novel monopartite dsRNA virus, tentatively named "sponge gourd amalgavirus 1" (SGAV1), was discovered by high-throughput sequencing in sponge gourd (Luffa cylindrica) displaying mosaic symptoms in Jiashan County, Zhejiang Province, China. The genome of SGAV1 is 3,447 nucleotides in length and contains partially overlapping open reading frames (ORFs) encoding a putative replication factory matrix-like protein and a fusion protein, respectively. The fusion protein of SGAV1 shares 57.

Identification and Characterization of Three Novel Solemo-like Viruses in the White-Backed Planthopper, .

Agricultural insects play a crucial role in transmitting plant viruses and host a considerable number of insect-specific viruses (ISVs). Among these insects, the white-backed planthoppers (WBPH; , Hemiptera: Delphacidae) are noteworthy rice pests and are responsible for disseminating the southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus (SRBSDV), a significant rice virus. In this study, we analyzed WBPH transcriptome data from public sources and identified three novel viruses.

Complete genome sequence and genetic characterization of a novel segmented RNA virus infecting Nilaparvata lugens.

The brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, is a significant agricultural pest capable of long-distance migration and transmission of viruses that cause severe disease in rice. In this study, we identified a novel segmented RNA virus in a BPH, and this virus exhibited a close relationship to members of a recently discovered virus lineage known as "quenyaviruses" within the viral kingdom Orthornavirae. This newly identified virus was named "Nilaparvata lugens quenyavirus 1" (NLQV1).

Pre-operative enhanced magnetic resonance imaging combined with clinical features predict early recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after radical resection.

Background: Indentifying predictive factors for postoperative recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has great significance for patient prognosis.

Aim: To explore the value of gadolinium ethoxybenzyl diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA) enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) combined with clinical features in predicting early recurrence of HCC after resection.

Methods: A total of 161 patients with pathologically confirmed HCC were enrolled.

The genomic history and global migration of a windborne pest.

Many insect pests, including the brown planthopper (BPH), undergo windborne migration that is challenging to observe and track. It remains controversial about their migration patterns and largely unknown regarding the underlying genetic basis. By analyzing 360 whole genomes from around the globe, we clarify the genetic sources of worldwide BPHs and illuminate a landscape of BPH migration showing that East Asian populations perform closed-circuit journeys between Indochina and the Far East, while populations of Malay Archipelago and South Asia undergo one-way migration to Indochina.

Molecular and biological characterization of a bunyavirus infecting the brown planthopper ().

A negative-strand symbiotic RNA virus, tentatively named Nilaparvata lugens Bunyavirus (NLBV), was identified in the brown planthopper (BPH, ). Phylogenetic analysis indicated that NLBV is a member of the genus (family , order ). Analysis of virus-derived small interfering RNA suggested that antiviral immunity of BPH was successfully activated by NLBV infection.

Cross-kingdom RNA interference mediated by insect salivary microRNAs may suppress plant immunity.

Communication between insects and plants relies on the exchange of bioactive molecules that traverse the species interface. Although proteinic effectors have been extensively studied, our knowledge of other molecules involved in this process remains limited. In this study, we investigate the role of salivary microRNAs (miRNAs) from the rice planthopper in suppressing plant immunity.

Complete genome analysis of a novel narnavirus in sweet viburnum (Viburnum odoratissimum).

Trees and shrubs provide important ecological services. However, few studies have surveyed the virome in trees and shrubs. In this study, we discovered a new positive-sense RNA virus originating from Viburnum odoratissimum, which we named "Vo narna-like virus".

Selective oxidation of β-keto ester modulated by the d-band centers in D-A conjugated microporous metallaphotoredox catalysts containing M-salen (MZn, Cu and Co) and triazine monomers.

Photocatalytic selective oxidation plays an important role in developing green chemistry. However, it is challenging to design an efficient photocatalyst for controlling the selectivity of photocatalytic oxidation reaction and exploring its detailed mechanism. Here, we synthesized three conjugated microporous polymers (CMPs) with D-A structures, named M-SATE-CMPs (MZn, Cu and Co), with different d-band centers based on different metal centers, resulting in the discrepancy in adsorption and activation capacities for the reactants, which produces the selectivity of β-keto esters being catalyzed into α-hydroperoxide β-keto esters (ROOH) or to α-hydroxyl β-keto esters (ROH).

Maintenance of persistent transmission of a plant arbovirus in its insect vector mediated by the Toll-Dorsal immune pathway.

Throughout evolution, arboviruses have developed various strategies to counteract the host's innate immune defenses to maintain persistent transmission. Recent studies have shown that, in addition to bacteria and fungi, the innate Toll-Dorsal immune system also plays an essential role in preventing viral infections in invertebrates. However, whether the classical Toll immune pathway is involved in maintaining the homeostatic process to ensure the persistent and propagative transmission of arboviruses in insect vectors remain unclear.

Inhibition of Rice Stripe Virus Accumulation by Polyubiquitin-C in .

Many hosts utilize the ubiquitin system to defend against viral infection. As a key subunit of the ubiquitin system, the role of polyubiquitin in the viral infection of insects is unclear. Here, we identified the full-length cDNA of the polyubiquitin-C (UBC) gene in , the small brown planthopper (SBPH).

Organocatalytic enantioselective decarboxylative protonation of α-alkyl-α-aryl malonate monoesters.

In contrast to the well-established enzymatic enantioselective decarboxylative protonation (EDP), the corresponding chemocatalytic reactions of acyclic malonic acid derivatives remain challenging. Herein, we developed a biomimetic EDP of α-alkyl-α-aryl malonate monoesters using a chiral 1,2--diaminocyclohexane-based -sulfonamide as an organocatalyst. The method demonstrates excellent chemical yields, good enantioselectivity, mild reaction conditions, and the generation of only CO as waste.

Salivary proteins potentially derived from horizontal gene transfer are critical for salivary sheath formation and other feeding processes.

Herbivorous insects employ an array of salivary proteins to aid feeding. However, the mechanisms behind the recruitment and evolution of these genes to mediate plant-insect interactions remain poorly understood. Here, we report a potential horizontal gene transfer (HGT) event from bacteria to an ancestral bug of Eutrichophora.

Molecular Characterization of an Isolate of Bean Common Mosaic Virus First Identified in Gardenia Using Metatranscriptome and Small RNA Sequencing.

Gardenia (Gardenia jasminoides) is a popular and economically vital plant known for its ornamental and medicinal properties. Despite its widespread cultivation, there has been no documentation of plant viruses on gardenia yet. In the present study, gardenia leaves exhibiting symptoms of plant viral diseases were sampled and sequenced by both metatranscriptome and small RNA sequencing.

Comparative transcriptomic analysis of salivary glands between the zoophytophagous Cyrtorhinus lividipennis and the phytozoophagous Apolygus lucorum.

Background: Saliva plays a crucial role in shaping the feeding behavior of insects, involving processes such as food digestion and the regulation of interactions between insects and their hosts. Cyrtorhinus lividipennis serves as a predominant natural enemy of rice pests, while Apolygus lucorum, exhibiting phytozoophagous feeding behavior, is a destructive agricultural pest. In this study, a comparative transcriptome analysis, incorporating the published genomes of C.