Effects of glycopyrrolate and atropine for oral secretions and perioperative hemodynamics in children undergoing tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy: a prospective, single-center, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial.

Introduction: Glycopyrrolate is commonly researched as a preoperative medication or in conjunction with cholinesterase inhibitors to counteract the lingering muscarinic effects of non-depolarizing muscarinic agents. However, studies have yielded inconsistent results regarding the superiority of glycopyrrolate over other anti-cholinergic drugs, such as atropine, particularly its effect on heart rate, blood pressure (BP), and glandular secretions. This study aimed to evaluate the differences in perioperative oral secretions, hemodynamics, and recovery quality with glycopyrrolate versus those with atropine before anesthesia induction in children undergoing tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy.

Patient Preferences for Rescue Medications in the Treatment of Breakthrough Cancer Pain.

Objective: The discrete choice experiment (DCE) is conducted in this study to discuss Chinese cancer patients' risk-benefit preferences for rescue medications (RD) and their willingness to pay (WTP) in the treatment of breakthrough cancer pain (BTcP).

Method: Through literature reviews, specialist consultation, and patient surveys, this work finally included five attributes in the DCE questionnaire, i.e.

Central deficiency of norepinephrine synthesis and norepinephrinergic neurotransmission contributes to seizure-induced respiratory arrest.

Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is the leading cause of mortality in patients with intractable epilepsy. However, the pathogenesis of SUDEP seems to be poorly understood. Our previous findings showed that the incidence of seizure-induced respiratory arrest (S-IRA) was markedly reduced by atomoxetine in a murine SUDEP model.

Twin pregnancy with triple parathyroid adenoma: A case report and review of literature.

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) is rare during pregnancy. A case of twin pregnancy with three simultaneous parathyroid adenomas at the same time has not been reported. Multiple parathyroid lesions are difficult to diagnose, as pregnant women who insist upon continuing a pregnancy are not able to undergo 99mTc-sestamibi scintigraphy, so cases of PHPT are easily unobserved and often can have serious consequences for the patient and the fetus.

Additive analgesic effect of dexmedetomidine and dezocine administered intrathecally in a mouse pain model.

Background: It is known that dexmedetomidine can reduce opioid requirements and that there is a synergistic effect when dexmedetomidine and morphine (a full mu opioid receptor agonist) are administered together. However, it was unclear whether a synergistic or additive effect would be observed when dexmedetomidine was co-administered with a partial mu opioid receptor agonist. The present study was designed to elucidate such effects by intrathecally co-administering dexmedetomidine and dezocine, a partial mu receptor agonist, in a mouse pain model.

Synovial fluid concentrations of cold-inducible RNA-binding protein are associated with severity in knee osteoarthritis.

Background: Cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine. We determined whether serum or synovial fluid concentrations are associated with severity in osteoarthritis (OA).

Methods: CIRP concentrations in serum and synovial fluid from 156 knee OA patients and serum from 156 controls were determined.

[Role of the CX3CR1/ERK5 pathway in spinal microglia for the development of neuropathic pain].

Objective: To explore the role of spinal microglial CX3CR1/ERK5 pathway in the development of neuropathic pain.

Methods: The model of spinal nerve ligation (SNL) was established by ligating the L5 spinal nerve with 6-0 silk thread in male Sprague Dawley rats. The expression of activated ERK5 (p-ERK5) was examined by immunohistochemistry test.

[Combined inflating lung and insufflating calf pulmonary surfactant under general anesthesia in the treatment of postoperative intractable atelectasis].

Objective: To explore the efficacy and safety of combined inflating lung and insufflating calf pulmonary surfactant under general anesthesia for treating postoperative intractable atelectasis.

Methods: From August 2006 to January 2013, 15 patients with obstinate postoperative atelectasis receiving pressure control lung expansion were enrolled. The bronchial cannula was intubated into the affected side to assist the expanding of the lung, and the calf pulmonary surfactant was insufflated selectively.

[Effect of dexmedetomidine in acute postoperative pain relief is independent of suppressing the hyperalgesia induced by remifentanil].

Objective: To explore the effect of dexmedetomidine in acute postoperative pain and remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia.

Methods: From January 2011 to June 2012, 120 patients scheduled for elective abdominal surgery under general anesthesia were included in this study. All patients received intravenous remifentanil infusion during operation, and dexmedetomidine was given after anesthesia induction.

CX3CL1/CX3CR1 regulates nerve injury-induced pain hypersensitivity through the ERK5 signaling pathway.

Peripheral nerve injury induces the cleavage of CX3CL1 from the membrane of neurons, where the soluble CX3CL1 subsequently plays an important role in the transmission of nociceptive signals between neurons and microglia. Here we investigated whether CX3CL1 regulates microglia activation through the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 5 (ERK5) in the spinal cord of rats with spinal nerve ligation (SNL). ERK5 and microglia were activated in the spinal cord after SNL.

[Improvement of method to produce septic shock model of rats].

Objective: To investigate the feasibility of method improved for developing septic shock rats model.

Methods: Studies were performed on 60 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. They were randomized into sham group and standard CLP (J Group) group (n = 20), A (n = 10), B (n = 10), C (n = 10) group and J group was further to two subgroups (n = 10) J1 and J2 group.

[Therapeutic feasibility of percutaneous puncture and chemical neurolysis of thoracic sympathetic nerve block in palmar hyperhidrosis under the guidance of computed tomograph].

Objective: To explore the therapeutic feasibility of percutaneous puncture and neurolytic thoracic sympathetic nerve block under the guidance of computed tomograph (CT).

Methods: From September 2009 to August 2010, 23 cases with primary palmar hyperhidrosis underwent percutaneous puncture and neurolytic thoracic sympathetic nerve block at our hospital. The puncture of thoracic sympathetic nerve was guided by CT through the gap of T3-4.

[Effect of bronchial intubation for constant-pressure expanding ipsilateral lung on postoperatively intractable atelectasis in hypo-analgesia and muscle relaxation].

Objective: To investigate the effect of bronchial intubation for constant-pressure expanding ipsilateral lung on postoperative intractable atelectasis.

Methods: For this prospective study, we recruited 18 patients with pulmonary atelectasis who could not been relieved by bronchoscopic suctioning, closed thoracic drainage, backslap, blowing hall and other routine treatments for over a week. After bronchial intubation, ipsilateral lung was expanded with a constant pressure.

[Investigation of the status of perioperative blood transfusion in grade III-A general hospitals in Zhejiang province].

Objective: To investigate the situation of perioperative blood transfusion in Grade III-A hospitals in Zhejiang province, in order to provide statistics for improving appropriateness of blood transfusion.

Method: The questionnaire was conducted in 9 Grade III-A hospitals in Zhejiang province according to "The Technical Criterion of Clinical Blood Transfusion". The data including total quantity, whole blood and component blood transfusion in 2007 were analyzed.

Elevated serum soluble Fas ligand is a promising marker of testicular toxicity induced by epirubicin in rats.

To investigate the role of the Fas/Fas ligand (Fas/FasL) system in testicular toxicity induced by epirubicin (Epi) and to correlate the system with the serum levels of soluble Fas and Fas ligand (sFas/sFasL), epirubicin was intraperitoneally administered to male Sprague-Dawley male rats at doses of 1.2mg/kg once a week for 10 weeks, and genital organ weights and histopathology were examined. Fas and FasL expression in rat testis were examined by immunohistochemistry.

[Effect of a novel analgesic disposable urinary catheter in prevention of restlessness caused by catheter-related bladder discomfort in general anesthesia patients in recovery period].

Objective: To investigate the effect of a novel analgesic disposable urinary catheter invented by the authors in prevention of restlessness caused by catheter-related bladder discomfort (CRBD) in general anesthesia patients in anesthesia recovery period.

Methods: Two hundred patients, who underwent general anesthesia for general surgical operation, were divided randomly into 2 equal groups: observation group, undergoing insertion of F16 novel analgesic disposable Foley urinary catheter after inducement of general anesthesia, and control group undergoing insertion of conventional F16 Foley urinary catheter after induction of anesthesia. The rate of restlessness caused by CBRD and the rate of catheter pulling-off were compared.

[Selective percutaneous dorsal root ganglion radiofrequency thermocoagulation guided by CT scanning in treatment of post-herpetic neuralgia].

Objective: To present the experience in a technique used to treat intractable postherpetic neuralgia (PHN)-percutaneous dorsal root ganglion (DGR) radiofrequency thermocoagulation guided by CT scanning.

Methods: Sixteen PHN patients underwent puncture of radiohealing needle into the superior 1/3 of the corresponding intervertebral foramen guided by CT. Electric stimulation test and impedance test were conducted to confirm the right spot.