Association between Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index and all-cause mortality in individuals with osteoporotic fractures: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: The number of patients with osteoporotic fractures (OPFs) is on the rise because of global aging. However, few studies have examined the connection between Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI) and overall mortality among inpatients with OPFs. Thus, our research seeks to investigate the link between GNRI and overall mortality in inpatients with OPFs.

Long-term free-air-CO-enrichment increases carbon distribution in the stable fraction in the deep layer of non-clay soils.

Elevated CO (eCO) in the atmosphere can increase plant C input into soils. However, in dryland cropping systems, it remains unclear how eCO may alter soil organic C content and stability in relation to potential changes in microbial community composition and whether these changes may depend on soil type and depth. Using an eight-year free-air-CO-enrichment (SoilFACE) system, this study addressed these questions in three farming soils including a sandy Calcarosol, a clay Vertosol and a silt loam Chromosol at depths of 0-40 cm.

Metal Ion Cross-Linked Cellulose/Lignin Nanocomposite Films: A Pathbreaking Approach toward High-Performance Sustainable Biomaterials.

Inspired by the reinforcement mechanisms observed in biomaterials, cellulose/lignin composite membranes are prepared successfully by mixing nanolignin and nanocellulose and impregnating them with metal ion solution. Metal ion cross-linking and hydrogen bonds between cellulose and lignin create a robust cross-linking network. The composite films achieve a tensile strength of 223.

Engineering Ultra-Small Ag Nanoparticles with Enhanced Activity in Microporous Polymer Membranes for CH/CH Separation.

The separation of CH and CH is a critical yet energy-intensive operation in the petrochemical industry. Gas separation membranes offer energy-efficient alternatives, but their effectiveness is hindered by the similar physical properties of CH and CH. Here, a metallic nanocomposite membrane (MNM) comprising ultra-small Ag nanoparticles embedded in an amidoxime-modified polymer of intrinsic microporosity (AOPIM-1) is reported for highly efficient CH/CH separation.

The mechanisms of inactivation of polyphenol oxidase in fresh-cut Agaricus bisporus by dual-frequency ultrasound combined with electrolytic water.

Fresh-cut mushrooms are gaining popularity worldwide. However, their shelf life is limited because of enzymatic browning catalyzed by polyphenol oxidase (PPO), which leads to quality loss. The effects of different treatments (dual-frequency ultrasound (DFU), electrolytic water (EW), dual-frequency ultrasound combined with electrolytic water (DFU-EW)) on the molecular structure (Fourier infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, fluorescence spectroscopy, surface hydrophobicity, etc.

Long-term warming offsets the beneficial effect of elevated CO on mineral associated organic carbon in Mollisols.

The stability of soil organic carbon (SOC) is fundamentally important to the carbon-climate feedback because soils act as a major carbon source or sink under climate change. The uncertainty of SOC stability in farming soils in response to climate change necessitates mechanistic studies on microbial attributes to the change of SOC. Here, we used open-top chambers to simulate elevated CO (eCO) and warming for 12 years in a soybean-grown Mollisol.

Structure-Activity Relationship Studies of DNA Methyltransferase 1 Monovalent Degraders.

DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1), which catalyzes maintenance methylation of hemimethylated DNA during DNA replication, is overexpressed in cancer. Recently, the first-in-class DNMT1-selective noncovalent small-molecule inhibitors, GSK3484862 and GSK3685032, were discovered. These inhibitors were also reported to degrade DNMT1.

Defect-Engineered Biomimetic Piezoelectric Nanocomposites With Enhanced ROS Production, Macrophage Re-polarization, and Ca Channel Activation for Therapy of MRSA-Infected Wounds and Osteomyelitis.

Antibiotic-resistant bacteria often cause lethal infections in both the surficial and deep organs of humans. Failure of antibiotics in resistant infections leads to more effective alternative therapies, like spatiotemporally controllable piezodynamic therapy (PZDT) with deep penetration. Currently, PZDT demands further investigation for improved treatment outcomes and the corresponding therapeutic mechanisms.

Alternative Splicing Events and Differently Expressed Genes During Peak Mortality in Large Yellow Croaker (Larimichthys crocea) Infected with Scuticociliate.

Large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) is facing various threats from bacterial, viral, and parasitic diseases, especially scuticociliate. Scuticociliate is a facultative parasite causing high mortality in various marine fishes. In this study, an artificial scuticociliate infection model was successfully established for large yellow croaker.

Recruitment of specific rhizosphere microorganisms in saline-alkali tolerant rice improves adaptation to saline-alkali stress.

Increasing annual soil salinization poses a major threat to global ecological security. Soil microorganisms play an important role in improving plant adaptability to stress tolerance, however, the mechanism of saline-alkali tolerance to plants associated with rhizosphere microbiome is unclear. We investigated the composition and structure of the rhizospheric bacteria and fungi communities of the saline-alkali tolerant (Oryza sativa var.

Evaluating the Anti-inflammatory Potential of JN-KI3: The Therapeutic Role of PI3Kγ-Selective Inhibitors in Asthma Treatment.

Asthma is a chronic airway inflammatory disease of the airways characterized by the involvement of numerous inflammatory cells and factors. Therefore, targeting airway inflammation is one of the crucial strategies for developing novel drugs in the treatment of asthma. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase gamma (PI3Kγ) has been demonstrated to have a significant impact on inflammation and immune responses, thus emerging as a promising therapeutic target for airway inflammatory disease, including asthma.

Modulation of glymphatic system by visual circuit activation alleviates memory impairment and apathy in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease is characterized by progressive amyloid deposition and cognitive decline, yet the pathological mechanisms and treatments remain elusive. Here we report the therapeutic potential of low-intensity 40 hertz blue light exposure in a 5xFAD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Our findings reveal that light treatment prevents memory decline in 4-month-old 5xFAD mice and motivation loss in 14-month-old 5xFAD mice, accompanied by restoration of glial water channel aquaporin-4 polarity, improved brain drainage efficiency, and a reduction in hippocampal lipid accumulation.

Transcriptional analysis reveals the suppression of RAD51 and disruption of the homologous recombination pathway during PEDV infection in IPEC-J2 cells.

PEDV is a highly contagious enteric pathogen that can cause severe diarrhea and death in neonatal pigs. Despite extensive research, the molecular mechanisms of host's response to PEDV infection remain unclear. In this study, differentially expressed genes (DEGs), time-specific coexpression modules, and key regulatory genes associated with PEDV infection were identified.

Trehalose and Mannitol Based Lyoprotetion of Taq DNA Polymerase for Cold-chain-free Long-term Storage.

Polymerase chain reactions (PCR) are most reliable and precise means for nucleic acid analysis of biological samples. A cold-chain system with temperature at around -20°C is generally necessary for storage and transportation of PCR-related reagents. In order to facilitate ambient temperature storage and transportation, this study prepared Taq DNA polymerase and 5 × HS-Taq Mix (as low as 0.

Harnessing the TAF1 Acetyltransferase for Targeted Acetylation of the Tumor Suppressor p53.

Pharmacological reactivation of the tumor suppressor p53 remains a key challenge for the treatment of cancer. Acetylation Targeting Chimera (AceTAC), a novel technology is previously reported that hijacks lysine acetyltransferases p300/CBP to acetylate the p53Y220C mutant. However, p300/CBP are the only acetyltransferases harnessed for AceTAC development to date.

Bright NIR-II emissive cyanine dye-loaded lipoprotein-mimicking nanoparticles for fluorescence imaging-guided and targeted NIR-II photothermal therapy of subcutaneous glioblastoma.

Cyanine dye-containing nanoparticles have widely been used in "all-in-one" NIR fluorescence imaging (FI)-guided photothermal therapy (PTT) because of their intrinsically large extinction coefficient and available physical and chemical modulation methods to tune absorption and emission wavelengths. The combination of good brightness and excellent tumor-targeting capacity is the key to realize efficient NIR-II FI-guided PTT. In this study, by covalently decorating NIR-II absorptive cyanine dyes with bulky AIE motify, we demonstrate how steric hindrance suppresses π-π stacking-induced fluorescence quenching and contributes to the good brightness of NIR-II FI of subcutaneous glioblastoma.

Biogeographic patterns of viral communities, ARG profiles and virus-ARG associations in adjacent paddy and upland soils across black soil region.

Biogeographic distribution of prokaryotic and eukaryotic communities has been extensively studied. Yet, our knowledge of viral biogeographic patterns, the corresponding driving factors and the virus-resistome associations is still limited. Here, using metagenomic analysis, we explored the viral communities and profiles of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in 30 fields of paddy (rice soils, RS) and upland soils (corn soils, CS) at a regional scale across black soil region of Northeast China.

Molecular Basis of Lipid Metabolism in L.

Lipids are the basic biological molecules in plants, serving as glycerolipids for cell membranes and triacylglycerols as an energy source. Fatty acids are the major components of plant lipids. Both lipids and fatty acids significantly influence rice quality.

Biocompatible DNA hydrogel composed of minimized Takumi-shaped DNA nanostructure exhibits sustained retention after in vivo administration.

Our previous studies showed that DNA hydrogels containing unmethylated CpG motifs effectively induced antigen-specific immune responses when combined with the appropriate antigens. A potential drawback of existing DNA hydrogels for further applications is the need for many oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) types. Therefore, in this study, we attempted to optimize and minimize the nanostructured DNA units for DNA hydrogels to reduce the preparation cost, design difficulty, and possible risk of sequence-dependent off-target effects, and prepare DNA hydrogels with sustained retention ability.

A Chiral COFs Membrane for Enantioselective Amino Acid Separation.

Incorporating chiral molecules in the covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with uniformly ordered pores results in chiral COFs, which have been highly promising candidates for enantioseparation. Herein, a homochiral COF nanochannel membrane is reported by introducing chiral centers (L-phenylalanine methyl ester) into one of the organic ligands for the enantioseparation of chiral amino acids. The separation results show that the D-isomer is preferentially transported through the porous membrane channel.

Effects of ultrasound combined with pH shift modification on functional and structural properties of peanut proteins.

The parameters for ultrasound and pH shift co-modification of peanut proteins (PP) were optimized, and the functional properties, structures of PP were investigated. The results showed that under the optimum ultrasound-assisted pH-shift modification (UP-PPI), the solubility of PP increased by 40.5 % and 111.

A PROTAC degrader suppresses oncogenic functions of PTK6, inducing apoptosis of breast cancer cells.

Protein tyrosine kinase 6 (PTK6), a non-receptor tyrosine kinase, is an oncogenic driver in many tumor types. However, agents that therapeutically target PTK6 are lacking. Although several PTK6 kinase inhibitors have been developed, none have been clinically translated, which may be due to kinase-independent functions that compromise their efficacy.

Targeted Degradation of Receptor-Interacting Protein Kinase 1 to Modulate the Necroptosis Pathway.

Necroptosis is a highly regulated form of necrotic cell death that plays an essential role in pathogen defense and tissue homeostasis. Abnormal regulation of the necroptotic pathway has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various human diseases, including cancer, inflammatory, and neurodegenerative diseases. Receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) serves as a crucial regulator of the necroptotic signaling pathway and has been identified as a potential therapeutic target.