RbPbY(BO): A Noncentrosymmetric Rare-Earth Borate Nonlinear Optical Crystal with [BO] Unit.

For ultraviolet (UV) nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals, three fundamental parameters are essential: the absorption edge, the NLO coefficient, and the shortest wavelength for second harmonic generation (SHG) phase matching (PM). In this study, a rare-earth borate, RbPbY(BO), was synthesized via chemical cosubstitution using a high-temperature melt method. RbPbY(BO) has been found to crystallize with a noncentrosymmetric (NCS) space group and has an SHG intensity of 1.

Aqueous green one-pot preparation of highly efficient bioderived flame retardant with favorable interfacial compatibility for polylactic acid.

The highly efficient bio-based flame retardant with favorable interfacial compatibility is crucial for a polylactic acid (PLA) composite with well-balanced flame retardant and mechanical properties. In this study, a highly efficient flame retardant TPBC, hybridizing with 3-aminobenzeneboronic acid (3-ABBA), phytic acid (PA), chitosan (CS) and isocyanuric acid triglycidyl ester (TGIC), was prepared by aqueous green one-pot method. TGIC promotes uniform dispersion of the flame retardant and robust interfacial adhesion by lowering the interfacial tension and the reaction of the epoxy functional groups with the PLA terminal groups.

Characterization of group I introns in generating circular RNAs as vaccines.

Circular RNAs are an increasingly important class of RNA molecules that can be engineered as RNA vaccines and therapeutics. Here, we screened eight different group I introns for their ability to circularize and delineated different features that are important for their function. First, we identified the Scytalidium dimidiatum group I intron as causing minimal innate immune activation inside cells, underscoring its potential to serve as an effective RNA vaccine without triggering unwanted reactogenicity.

Dynamic simulations of feeding and respiration of the early Cambrian periderm-bearing cnidarian polyps.

Although fossil evidence suggests the existence of an early muscular system in the ancient cnidarian jellyfish from the early Cambrian Kuanchuanpu biota (ca. 535 Ma), south China, the mechanisms underlying the feeding and respiration of the early jellyfish are conjectural. Recently, the polyp inside the periderm of olivooids was demonstrated to be a calyx-like structure, most likely bearing short tentacles and bundles of coronal muscles at the edge of the calyx, thus presumably contributing to feeding and respiration.

Chronic Exposure to Environmental Concentrations of Tetrabromobisphenol A Disrupts Insulin and Lipid Homeostasis in Diet-Induced Obese Mice.

Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), a widely used brominated flame retardant in consumer products, has raised significant health concerns. However, the long-term metabolic effects of chronic exposure to environmentally relevant TBBPA concentrations, particularly in the context of modern high-calorie diets, remain poorly understood. Here, we show that C57BL/6J mice fed a high-fat diet and exposed to 20 or 50 nmol/kg/day TBBPA for 120 days exhibited increased body weight, aggravated fat accumulation, impaired glucose tolerance, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia.

The Glycosyltransferase XYLT1 Activates NF-κB Signaling to Promote Metastasis of Early-Stage Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Early-stage lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) generally has a favorable prognosis. However, more than 30% of early-stage LUAD cases relapse within 5 years of initial treatment, even following complete removal of the primary tumor. Identification of the factors contributing to early-stage LUAD metastasis is needed to develop effective prevention and treatment strategies.

An Electrochemical Design for a General Catalytic Carboxylic Acid Substitution Platform via Anhydrides at Room Temperature: Amidation, Esterification, and Thioesterification.

An original concept for catalytic electrochemical dehydration has enabled a suite of acid substitutions, including amidation, esterification, and thioesterification, through a linchpin anhydride formed in situ. By avoiding stoichiometric dehydrating agents, this method addresses a leading challenge in organic synthesis and green chemistry. It also proceeds without acid additives at room temperature, accesses a diverse range of product structures, is easily scaled, and enabled the first example of catalytic peptide coupling at room temperature.

Compressive Properties of Composite Sandwich Structure with Fractal Tree-Inspired Lattice Core.

A novel sandwich structure of a fractal tree-like lattice (SSFL) is proposed. The geometry characteristics were constructed based on the fractal tree-like patterns found in many biological structures, such as giant water lilies and dragon blood trees. The compressive performance of the proposed structures with different fractal orders was experimentally and numerically investigated.

Impact of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and liver fibrosis on outcomes of acute ischemic stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: We reviewed the evidence on the impact of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and liver fibrosis on mortality, functional dependence, and recurrence after acute ischemic stroke (AIS).

Methods: This PROSPERO registered review searched PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, and Web of Science databases from inception of databases to 30 July 2023 for studies comparing outcomes of AIS based on the presence of NAFLD and liver fibrosis. Adjusted data on mortality, functional dependence and risk of recurrent AIS was pooled to obtain odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) in a random-effects model.

Dermal Fibroblast-Derived Exosomes Promotes Bone-to-Tendon Interface Healing of Chronic Rotator Cuff Tear in Rabbit Model.

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy of exosomes derived from dermal fibroblasts (DF-Ex) on bone-to-tendon interface (BTI) healing in a chronic rotator cuff tear (RCT) model of rabbit.

Methods: After extraction of DF-Ex, the characterization of DF-Ex was identified in the in vitro study. In the in vivo experiment, 48 rabbits were randomly allocated into 3 groups.

Organic-Inorganic Hybrid One-Dimensional Photonic Crystals with Blue and NIR Dual Bandgaps for Light Protection.

Planar 1D photonic crystals (1DPhCs), owing to their photonic bandgaps (PBGs) formed by unique structural interference, are widely utilized in light protection applications. Multifunctional coatings that integrate various light management functions are highly desired. In this study, we present the fabrication of dual-PBG 1DPhCs with high reflectance in both the blue and near-infrared (NIR) regions.

Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate Combined With an Appropriate Carrier Effectively Promotes Bone-Tendon Interface Healing in a Rabbit Model of Chronic Rotator Cuff Tear.

Background: The efficacy of bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) in promoting bone-tendon interface (BTI) healing without any carriers remains a subject of debate.

Purpose: To evaluate BMAC effects with different carriers on tendon regeneration in a rabbit model of chronic rotator cuff tear.

Study Design: Controlled laboratory study.

Effects of different humeral stem lengths on stem alignment and proximal stress shielding in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty.

Background: Few comparative studies on the correlation between stem length, stem alignment, and/or stress shielding have been conducted in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA). This study aimed to investigate the effects of different humeral stem lengths on stem alignment and proximal stress shielding after rTSA.

Methods: A total of 320 patients who underwent primary rTSA from October 2010 to May 2020 with at least 2 years of follow-up (mean follow-up: 32.

Possible brain regions involved in parturition in mice.

Parturition is a vital physiological process in the reproduction of female mammals, regulated by neurohumoral mechanisms coordinated by the central nervous system. The uterus is essential for this process; however, the neural pathways connecting the brain to the uterus remain poorly understood. In this study, we combined the pseudorabies virus (PRV) tracing tool with c-Fos immunofluorescence staining to identify brain regions that may regulate uterine muscle activity during parturition.

Employing Octahedral Net Charge Descriptors for Designing High-Performance Aqueous Proton Batteries.

Recently, aqueous proton batteries have shown promise for electrochemical energy storage using MXene electrodes. However, designing high-performance MXene proton batteries remains challenging due to the inevitable hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), the vast chemical composition space of MXene, and the unclear proton transport mechanism. To tackle these challenges, we established a general descriptor based on structural units of MXenes, termed the octahedral net charge descriptor (Q).

Gut bacteria Prevotellaceae related lithocholic acid metabolism promotes colonic inflammation.

Background: The conversion of primary bile acids to secondary bile acids by the gut microbiota has been implicated in colonic inflammation. This study investigated the role of gut microbiota related bile acid metabolism in colonic inflammation in both patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and a murine model of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis.

Methods: Bile acids in fecal samples from patients with IBD and DSS-induced colitis mice, with and without antibiotic treatment, were analyzed using ultraperformance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS).

Identifying the role of cellulase gene upon the infection of subsp. in citrus.

Unlabelled: Citrus canker is a devastating disease caused by subsp. (), which secretes the effector PthA4 into host plants to trigger transcription of the susceptibility gene , resulting in pustule formation. However, the molecular mechanism underlying CsLOB1-mediated susceptibility to remains elusive.

Distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Pesticides in Danjiangkou Reservoir and Evaluation of Ecological Risk.

The Danjiangkou Reservoir is the largest artificial freshwater lake in Asia. This study investigated the spatiotemporal distribution of pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Danjiangkou Reservoir to assess the ecological and human health risks associated with these pollutants. Twenty-three sampling sites in the Danjiangkou Reservoir each collected 23 surface water samples and 23 sediment samples.

Effects of environmental bisphenol S exposure on male rat reproductive health and gut-blood-testicular axis integrity.

In this study, male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were exposed to bisphenol S (BPS) at environmentally relevant concentrations to investigate its reproductive toxicity and evaluate its effects on the gut-blood-testicular axis. After 28 days of exposure to BPS (0.05 and 20 mg/kg), the results showed a reduction in weight gain and the induction of reproductive toxicity in male rats, including decreased sperm parameters, lower sperm viability, and increased abnormal sperm density and mortality.

The New Paradigm of Ligand Substitution-Driven Enhancement of Anisotropy from SO Units in Short-Wavelength Region.

For non-π-conjugated [SO] units, it is challenging to generate sufficient birefringence, owing to the high symmetry of the regular tetrahedron. Unlike the traditional trial-and-error approach, we propose a new paradigm for birefringence engineering to tune the optical properties based on [SO] units. Through the strategy of ligand substitution, we can predict its effect on the band gap and anisotropy.

Advanced technological approaches and market status analysis of xylose bioconversion and utilization: Xylooligosacharides and xylonic acid as emerging products.

The efficient conversion of xylose is a short board of cask effect to lignocellulosic biorefining, by markedly affecting the total economic and environmental benefits. Based on a comprehensive analysis of the current commercial status of traditional xylose utilization and industrial technology development, this review outlines new technological avenues for the efficient utilization of xylose from lignocellulosic biomass, focusing on super prebiotic xylo-oligosaccharides and multifunctional platform compound xylonic acid. Firstly, the traditional products that can be derived from lignocellulosic xylose, including xylitol (447.

UV-aging process of titanium dioxide nanoparticles aggravates enterohepatic toxicity of bis(2-ethylhexyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrabromophthalate to zebrafish.

The physicochemical characteristics of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (n-TiO) may change during the aging process once discharged into aquatic environment. However, how the aging process affects their interactions with co-existing pollutants, as well as the joint toxicity has not been explored. This study investigated how UV-aging impacts n-TiO in aquatic environments and their interactions with bis(2-ethylhexyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrabromophthalate (TBPH), focusing on their joint toxicity in adult female zebrafish.

Design of an optically transparent ultrawideband absorber with high angular stability using ITO films: publisher's note.

This publisher's note contains a correction to Opt. Lett.49, 6549 (2024)10.

Effect of dietary fat source on the composition of the cecal microbiome in maturing broiler chicken.

Diet has been found to significantly influence gut microbiota throughout various life stages, and gut microbiota have been increasingly shown to influence host physiology, health, and behavior. This study uses 16S rRNA sequencing to examine the effects of six different fat-supplemented diets (canola oil, coconut oil, fish oil, flaxseed oil, lard, and olive oil) on broiler chicken cecal microbial composition and predicted function in comparison with a common and inexpensive fat source (poultry fat). Groups of broilers were fed each of these diets and then evaluated on day 41 and day 55 of age.

Plasma exosomes from patients with coronary artery disease promote atherosclerosis via impairing vascular endothelial junctions.

The underlying mechanism of vascular endothelial hyperpermeability caused by decrease of endothelial junctions occurring in atherosclerosis remains elusive. Our findings identified that plasma exosomes from patients with stable coronary artery disease (Exo) contain differentially expressed miRNAs that are clustered with genes related to cell junctions, prompting us to investigate the role of Exo in regulating vascular endothelial junctions and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Here, we show that Exo markedly impair vascular endothelial junctions via suppressing VE-Cadherin and ZO-1 in endothelial cells in vitro and in vivo, consequently increases endothelial permeability.