UV-aging process of titanium dioxide nanoparticles aggravates enterohepatic toxicity of bis(2-ethylhexyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrabromophthalate to zebrafish.

The physicochemical characteristics of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (n-TiO) may change during the aging process once discharged into aquatic environment. However, how the aging process affects their interactions with co-existing pollutants, as well as the joint toxicity has not been explored. This study investigated how UV-aging impacts n-TiO in aquatic environments and their interactions with bis(2-ethylhexyl)-2,3,4,5-tetrabromophthalate (TBPH), focusing on their joint toxicity in adult female zebrafish.

Design of an optically transparent ultrawideband absorber with high angular stability using ITO films: publisher's note.

This publisher's note contains a correction to Opt. Lett.49, 6549 (2024)10.

Effect of dietary fat source on the composition of the cecal microbiome in maturing broiler chicken.

Diet has been found to significantly influence gut microbiota throughout various life stages, and gut microbiota have been increasingly shown to influence host physiology, health, and behavior. This study uses 16S rRNA sequencing to examine the effects of six different fat-supplemented diets (canola oil, coconut oil, fish oil, flaxseed oil, lard, and olive oil) on broiler chicken cecal microbial composition and predicted function in comparison with a common and inexpensive fat source (poultry fat). Groups of broilers were fed each of these diets and then evaluated on day 41 and day 55 of age.

Plasma exosomes from patients with coronary artery disease promote atherosclerosis via impairing vascular endothelial junctions.

The underlying mechanism of vascular endothelial hyperpermeability caused by decrease of endothelial junctions occurring in atherosclerosis remains elusive. Our findings identified that plasma exosomes from patients with stable coronary artery disease (Exo) contain differentially expressed miRNAs that are clustered with genes related to cell junctions, prompting us to investigate the role of Exo in regulating vascular endothelial junctions and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Here, we show that Exo markedly impair vascular endothelial junctions via suppressing VE-Cadherin and ZO-1 in endothelial cells in vitro and in vivo, consequently increases endothelial permeability.

Integrated Studies on Male Reproductive Toxicity of Decabromodiphenyl Ethane in Zebrafish Spermatozoa , Male Zebrafish , and GC-1 Cells .

Background: Legacy brominated flame retardants have been recognized as risky factors leading to declined sperm quality. The widespread utilization of decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) as a replacement for decabromodiphenyl ether has given rise to considerable concern over its potential risks to reproductive health.

Objectives: The objectives were to quickly determine whether DBDPE affects sperm quality upon exposure, to reveal the reproductive outcomes and underlying molecular mechanisms using an zebrafish model exposed to DBDPE, and to validate the potential impact on DNA damage and energy metabolism balance .

Heteroatom Engineering in Earth-Abundant Cobalt Electrocatalyst for Energy-Saving Hydrogen Evolution Coupling with Urea Oxidation.

The development of multifunctional electrocatalysts with high performance for electrocatalyzing urea oxidation-assisted water splitting is of great significance for energy-saving hydrogen production. In this work, we demonstrate a novel heteroatom engineering strategy for development of B-doped Co as a multifunctional electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), and urea oxidation reaction (UOR). Density functional theory (DFT) results suggest that a B dopant can efficiently adjust the electron reconstruction of the exposure of Co sites nearby and facilitate electron transfer, resulting in an optimal d-band center along with a lower Gibbs free energy barrier.

Design of an optically transparent ultrawideband absorber with high angular stability using ITO films.

In this paper, an optically transparency ultrawideband absorber with high angular stability is designed. The proposed absorber is composed of two different materials with indium thin oxide (ITO) conductive films and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates. With the aid of a stacked structure design, the absorber has a 90% absorption band from 5 to 43.

Comparative evaluation and QSAR modeling of developmental neurotoxicity of novel brominated flame retardants in zebrafish.

The novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs) have received wide concerns due to their ubiquitous occurrence in the environment and their potential risks to ecosystems and human health. However, the toxicity data of NBFRs are still lacking, especially their toxicity comparison data, and toxicity predictions for untested NBFRs are extremely limited. In this study, eight commonly used NBFRs and decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE209) were selected to compare their toxicity at concentrations between 0.

Modeling ground vibration excited by a high-speed train running along a viaduct railway using a new structure-soil interaction method.

Ground vibrations generated by high-speed trains running along railways either at grade or on viaduct bridges, are greatly concerned by the railway industry. Considering the train-track-bridge-abutment-pile-soil interactions involved, modeling the problem in an analytical manner is almost impossible, while conventional numerical methods struggle to accurately simulate the dynamic properties of infinitely large soils. Therefore, this study introduces a new substructure methodology for train-track-bridge-abutment-pile-soil interactions that leverages an ingenious combination of the 2.

Detrimental effects of glyphosate on muscle metabolism in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus).

Glyphosate, a commonly used herbicide, has been associated with environmental pollution and potential health risks to aquatic organisms. This study investigated the effects of glyphosate on the muscle metabolism of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) following exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations. Over a 14-day exposure period to varying glyphosate levels, significant disruptions were observed in antioxidant capacity and muscle health.

Study on the aerodynamic performance and noise of windshield area in high-speed trains at a frequency of 38 hz.

The noise level of a high-speed train is a crucial indicator of its operational quality. A significant low-frequency interior noise, referred to as '38 Hz' in this context, has been detected during the operation of high-speed trains. This notable noise primarily occurs in the train attendant's cabin near the windshield area.

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of NiTi Alloy Prepared by Double-Wire + Arc Additive Manufacturing Plus Heat Treatment.

In this study, NiTi shape memory alloy was prepared by double-wire + arc additive manufacturing plus heat treatment using TA1 and ER-Ni welding wires as the raw materials. The results show that the microstructural evolution from the bottom to top is NiTi + NiTi → NiTi + NiTi + NiTi → NiTi + NiTi + NiTi + NiTi + α-Ti. Complex thermal cycles led to the precipitation of NiTi, which improves the hardness of the matrix (B2), and the average hardness value of the top region reaches 550.

Modulation of mA RNA modification by DAP3 in cancer cells.

N-methyladenosine (mA) RNA methylation is a prevalent RNA modification that significantly impacts RNA metabolism and cancer development. Maintaining the global mA levels in cancer cells relies on RNA accessibility to methyltransferases and the availability of the methyl donor S-adenosylmethionine (SAM). Here, we reveal that death associated protein 3 (DAP3) plays a crucial role in preserving mA levels through two distinct mechanisms.

Association between breastfeeding duration and BMI, 2009-2018: a population-based study.

Background: In the 21st century, childhood overweight and obesity have become major public health issues worldwide. Previous studies have shown that breastfeeding helps prevent overweight or obesity in children. Despite the significant advantages of breastfeeding, the global exclusive breastfeeding rate for infants under 6 months old is only 40%, while in the United States, the rate is only 25%.

Oceanic and Sedimentary Microbial Sulfur Cycling Controlled by Local Organic Matter Flux During the Ediacaran Shuram Excursion in the Three Gorges Area, South China.

The increased difference in the sulfur isotopic compositions of sedimentary sulfate (carbonate-associated sulfate: CAS) and sulfide (chromium-reducible sulfur: CRS) during the Ediacaran Shuram excursion is attributed to increased oceanic sulfate concentration in association with the oxidation of the global ocean and atmosphere. However, recent studies on the isotopic composition of pyrites have revealed that CRS in sediments has diverse origins of pyrites. These pyrites are formed either in the water column/shallow sediments, where the system is open with respect to sulfate, or in deep sediments, where the system is closed with respect to sulfate.

Hyper-Cross-Linked Polyindole for Selective Adsorption and Resource Utilization of Organic Pollutants in Water.

Efficient treatment and utilization of organic pollutants in water are difficult for environmental remediation. A new hyper-cross-linked polymer (PIn-HCP) with high specific surface area was constructed via polyindole (PIn) as building blocks. Rich pore structures and abundant adsorption sites in PIn-HCP were obtained by hyper-cross-linking.

Carrier-phonon decoupling in perovskite thermoelectrics via entropy engineering.

Thermoelectrics converting heat and electricity directly attract broad attentions. To enhance the thermoelectric figure of merit, zT, one of the key points is to decouple the carrier-phonon transport. Here, we propose an entropy engineering strategy to realize the carrier-phonon decoupling in the typical SrTiO-based perovskite thermoelectrics.

Impact of dietary fat types on expression levels of dopamine and serotonin transporters in the ileum of broiler chickens.

Various types of dietary fats undergo distinct fermentation processes by gut microbes, potentially leading to the production of neurotransmitters that can influence the gut. Serotonin and dopamine are recognized neurotransmitters with positive effects on gut function. A broiler chicken trial was conducted to evaluate the influence of dietary fat types on protein expression of 2 neurotransmitter transporters, dopamine (DAT) and serotonin (5-HTT).

Variants in NLRP2 and ZFP36L2, non-core components of the human subcortical maternal complex, cause female infertility with embryonic development arrest.

The subcortical maternal complex (SCMC), which is vital in oocyte maturation and embryogenesis, consists of core proteins (NLRP5, TLE6, OOEP), non-core proteins (PADI6, KHDC3L, NLRP2, NLRP7), and other unknown proteins that are encoded by maternal effect genes. Some variants of SCMC genes have been linked to female infertility characterized by embryonic development arrest. However, so far, the candidate non-core SCMC components associated with embryonic development need further exploration and the pathogenic variants that have been identified are still limited.

Elevated triglyceride-glucose index associated with increased risk of diabetes in non-obese young adults: a longitudinal retrospective cohort study from multiple Asian countries.

Objective: Previous studies have confirmed a positive correlation between the Triglyceride-Glucose (TyG) index and future risk of diabetes. However, evidence of this association in non-obese young populations remains limited. This study aims to investigate the relationship between the TyG index and the future risk of diabetes among non-obese young adults.