Unsupervised Learning for Machinery Adaptive Fault Detection Using Wide-Deep Convolutional Autoencoder with Kernelized Attention Mechanism.

Applying deep learning to unsupervised bearing fault diagnosis in complex industrial environments is challenging. Traditional fault detection methods rely on labeled data, which is costly and labor-intensive to obtain. This paper proposes a novel unsupervised approach, WDCAE-LKA, combining a wide kernel convolutional autoencoder (WDCAE) with a large kernel attention (LKA) mechanism to improve fault detection under unlabeled conditions, and the adaptive threshold module based on a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) dynamically adjusts thresholds, boosting model robustness in imbalanced scenarios.

A review of non-microbial biological control strategies against the Asian longhorned beetle (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae).

The Asian longhorned beetle (ALB), Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky), is a polyphagous woodboring beetle that infests and damages hardwood host trees in Asia, Europe, and North America. Native to China and the Korean peninsula, ALB is invasive in both North America and Europe. Due to the large environmental and economic impacts associated with ALB, much effort has been placed on its management and eradication from invaded areas.

Frequency shift caused by a magnetic field and light intensity inhomogeneity in an optically detected clock.

We present a novel, to the best of our knowledge, frequency shift mechanism in the optically detected atomic clock. This frequency shift is analogous to the light shift that is associated with a detecting light power. However, this shift arises from the inhomogeneity of the magnetic field (C-field) and the detecting light intensity.

MiR-214 promotes the antitumor effect of NK cells in colorectal cancer liver metastasis through USP27X/Bim.

Unlabelled: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common tumor type, and liver metastasis reduces the long-term survival in CRC patients. Natural killer (NK) cells play an important role in anti-tumor immunity. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of miR-214-5p on NK cells in CRC liver metastasis.

Hysteresis operator-based adaptive Kalman feedforward control for the scanning motion of hybrid reluctance actuators.

The hybrid reluctance actuator (HRA) has achieved widespread application in scanning motion tasks. However, the nonlinear perturbations arising from position-dependent stiffness fluctuations, hysteresis, eddy, and flux leakage can significantly affect the control performance. To enhance the control performance of HRA-based systems in scanning motion, this paper introduces an adaptive feedforward method, known as the Chua operator-based Kalman feedforward compensator (COKFC), which aims to mitigate these nonlinear perturbations, with a PID controller serving as the central control element.

Effect of storage conditions on host egg suitability and the reproductive fitness of Oobius agrili (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae), an egg parasitoid of the invasive emerald ash borer (Agrilus planipennis) (Coleoptera: Buprestidae).

Oobius agrili Zhang and Huang (Hymenoptera: Encyrtidae) is an important egg parasitoid of the emerald ash borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae). Methods for laboratory-rearing O. agrili have been developed but its mass-production depends on the continuous production and storage of freshly laid EAB eggs as well as diapaused parasitoid progeny (inside parasitized EAB eggs).

Crack-Based Composite Flexible Sensor with Superhydrophobicity to Detect Strain and Vibration.

Vibration sensors are widely applied in the detection of faults and analysis of operational states in engineering machinery and equipment. However, commercial vibration sensors with a feature of high hardness hinder their usage in some practical applications where the measured objects have irregular surfaces that are difficult to install. Moreover, as the operating environments of machinery become increasingly complex, there is a growing demand for sensors capable of working in wet and humid conditions.

Low-Cost and Paper-Based Micro-Electromechanical Systems Sensor for the Vibration Monitoring of Shield Cutters.

Vibration sensors are widely used in many fields like industry, agriculture, military, medicine, environment, etc. However, due to the speedy upgrading, most sensors composed of rigid or even toxic materials cause pollution to the environment and give rise to an increased amount of electronic waste. To meet the requirement of green electronics, biodegradable materials are advocated to be used to develop vibration sensors.

Long-term evolution of soil quality in citrus orchard terrace system: A whole life cycle perspective.

Terracing is widely recognized as an effective strategy for mitigating soil erosion and preserving soil quality. This study aimed to evaluate the variations in soil aggregate C, N, and P composition, as well as the soil quality index (SQI), in subtropical citrus orchards of different plantation ages (PA) and across various terrace positions (TP). Surface soil samples (0-20 cm) were collected from four TP categories: terrace wall (TW), slub ditch (SD), under grove (UG), and between grove (BG), across varying PA (5, 15, 25, 35, and 45 years).

Parasitoid-host association in invaded communities.

In nature, most parasitoids attack more than one host species, and nearly all hosts are attacked by several species of parasitoids. This opens many potential opportunities for interactions of invasive species with native parasitoid-host association networks in invaded communities. Despite this, few studies have examined the direct and indirect impacts of biological invasion on parasitoid-host associations.

Optimization Design of Laser Arrays Based on Absorption Spectroscopy Imaging for Detecting Temperature and Concentration Fields.

Detecting temperature and concentration fields within engine combustors holds paramount significance in enhancing combustion efficiency and ensuring operational safety. Within the realm of engine combustors, the laminar absorption spectroscopy technique has garnered considerable attention. Particularly crucial is the optimization of the optical path configuration to enhance the efficacy of reconstruction.

Power Enhancement and Spot Homogenization Design for Arrayed Semiconductor Lasers.

Improving the spot brightness and uniformity of arrangement of the array laser is conducive to ensuring the beam quality of the fiber laser. Based on the light tracing principle, the optical model performance of two common fiber lasers was first analyzed. Then, a novel rotationally polarized optical model with high power and spot uniformity was designed and optimized on the basis of the aforementioned analysis.

Simultaneous Reconstruction of Multiple Time-Varying Thermal Properties Based on Translucent Materials.

In the realm of high-tech materials and energy applications, accurately measuring the transient heat flow at media boundaries and the internal thermal conductivity of materials in harsh heat exchange environments poses a significant challenge when using conventional direct measurement methods. Consequently, the study of photothermal parameter reconstruction in translucent media, which relies on indirect measurement techniques, has crucial practical value. Current research on reconstructing photothermal properties within participating media typically focuses on single-objective or time-invariant properties.

Assessing the spatial occupation and ecological impact of human activities in Chengguan district, Lhasa city, Tibetan Plateau.

In this study, the ecological impact of human activities and the space occupied by construction and arable land on the Tibetan Plateau were examined, focusing on changes in the net primary productivity (NPP) as a key indicator of ecological health. With the utilization of land use data and multiyear average NPP data from 2002 to 2020, we analyzed the effects of the conversion of zonal vegetation into construction and arable land on carbon sequestration and oxygen release in Chengguan District, Lhasa city. Our findings indicated a marked spatial difference in the NPP among different land types.

Hygrothermal Effect on GF/VE and GF/UP Composites: Durability Performance and Laboratory Assessment.

In order to investigate the durability of two kinds of fiber-reinforced composite materials, and obtain the degradation mechanism and failure model in a hygrothermal environment, E-glass- fiber-reinforced composite materials, glass fiber-reinforced epoxy vinyl ester and glass fiber-reinforced unsaturated polyester (named GF/VE and GF/UP, respectively) were chosen to suffer rigorous hygrothermal aging. Their mechanical performance was monitored during the aging process to evaluate their durability. The cause of deterioration of the composite was comprehensively analyzed.

An integrative phenology and climatic suitability model for emerald ash borer.

Introduction: Decision support models that predict both when and where to expect emerald ash borer (EAB), Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), are needed for the development and implementation of effective management strategies against this major invasive pest of ash ( species) in North America and other regions such as Europe. We present a spatialized model of phenology and climatic suitability for EAB for use in the Degree-Days, Risk, and Phenological event mapping (DDRP) platform, which is an open-source decision support tool to help detect, monitor, and manage invasive threats.

Methods: We evaluated the model using presence records from three geographic regions (China, North America, and Europe) and a phenological dataset consisting primarily of observations from the northeastern and midwestern United States.

SENP1 attenuates hypoxia‑reoxygenation injury in liver sinusoid endothelial cells by relying on the HIF‑1α signaling pathway.

Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) have an important role in hepatic ischemia‑reperfusion injury (I/R), but the specific molecular mechanism of action is unknown. LSEC proliferation is regulated and fenestration is maintained via the Sentrin/SUMO‑specific protease 1 (SENP1)/hypoxia‑inducible factor‑1α (HIF‑1α) signaling axis under hypoxic conditions. In the present study, a hypoxia‑reoxygenation (H‑R) injury model was established using mouse LSECs to explore the relationship between SENP1 and H‑R injury , and the specific underlying mechanism was identified, revealing new targets for the clinical attenuation of hepatic I/R injury.

Current understanding of macrophages in intracranial aneurysm: relevant etiological manifestations, signaling modulation and therapeutic strategies.

Macrophages activation and inflammatory response play crucial roles in intracranial aneurysm (IA) formation and progression. The outcome of ruptured IA is considerably poor, and the mechanisms that trigger IA progression and rupture remain to be clarified, thereby developing effective therapy to prevent subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) become difficult. Recently, climbing evidences have been expanding our understanding of the macrophages relevant IA pathogenesis, such as immune cells population, inflammatory activation, intra-/inter-cellular signaling transductions and drug administration responses.

Hierarchical attention-guided multiscale aggregation network for infrared small target detection.

All man-made flying objects in the sky, ships in the ocean can be regarded as small infrared targets, and the method of tracking them has been received widespread attention in recent years. In search of a further efficient method for infrared small target recognition, we propose a hierarchical attention-guided multiscale aggregation network (HAMANet) in this thesis. The proposed HAMANet mainly consists of a compound guide multilayer perceptron (CG-MLP) block embedded in the backbone net, a spatial-interactive attention module (SiAM), a pixel-interactive attention module (PiAM) and a contextual fusion module (CFM).

Combined role of ground cover management in altering orchard surface‒subsurface erosion and associated carbon-nitrogen-phosphorus loss.

The combined role of ground cover management in controlling soil erosion and nutrient loss from new orchards is still less understood. In this study, four ground cover management practices, orchard with grass cover (OG), orchard with interplant cover (OI), orchard with straw cover (OS), and orchard with bare ground (OB), were designed to identify their impacts on soil erosion and associated carbon-nitrogen-phosphorus loss in new orchards by rainfall simulation tests with rainfall intensities of 60, 90, and 120 mm h and 90 min rainfall duration. The results showed that OS had the lowest surface flow coefficient (6.

Parasitoid-induced changes in metabolic rate and feeding activity of the emerald ash borer (Coleoptera: Buprestidae): implications for biological control.

Parasitoid-host interactions form the foundation of biological control strategies against many agriculture and forest insect pests. The emerald ash borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis (Coleoptera: Buprestidae), is a serious invasive pest of ash (Fraxinus spp.) trees in North America.

Exploration for Asian longhorned beetle parasitoids in Korea using an improved sentinel log trap.

The Asian longhorned beetle (ALB), Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), is a destructive invasive woodboring insect pest, and efforts are being made to find parasitoids for ALB biological control. Through a four-year survey in Korea using a sentinel log trap associated with host chemical cues potentially important for host finding by parasitoids, two parasitoid species were discovered attacking ALB. One species is Spathius ibarakius Belokobylskij & Maetô, which is known to also parasitize citrus longhorned beetle, Anoplophora chinensis (Forster).