Mechanisms of the formation of acquired drought tolerance in wheat: insights from combining high-throughput phenotyping and genome-wide association study.

Drought priming, a potential strategy to bolster wheat yield amidst recurring droughts. Identifying the responsive cultivars and deciphering the underlying mechanisms are vital to better activate the instinct of plants coping with drought stress. Here, responses of 157 wheat cultivars to drought priming were phenotyped using a high-throughput phenotyping (HTP) platform across two wheat-growing seasons.

Biodiversity and Winemaking Characteristics of Yeasts Isolated from (Franch.) Schneid. Wine Microbiota.

The community of epibiotic yeasts significantly influences the quality of (Franch.) Schneid. wine.

Plant key functional traits in species adaptation and screening for vegetation restoration on coral islands.

Plant functional traits and trial-error method have been used successfully in suitable species screening for vegetation restoration on tropical coral island ecosystems. However, there remains controversy about which functional traits should be used as key indicators for plant screening, and the feasibility of classifying plant types through functional traits. Here we determined 25 structural and physiological traits of a total of 56 plant species in a tropical mainland nursery and a tropical coral island, comparing differences of each trait between the two habitats.

The large language model diagnoses tuberculous pleural effusion in pleural effusion patients through clinical feature landscapes.

Background: Tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) is a challenging extrapulmonary manifestation of tuberculosis, with traditional diagnostic methods often involving invasive surgery and being time-consuming. While various machine learning and statistical models have been proposed for TPE diagnosis, these methods are typically limited by complexities in data processing and difficulties in feature integration. Therefore, this study aims to develop a diagnostic model for TPE using ChatGPT-4, a large language model (LLM), and compare its performance with traditional logistic regression and machine learning models.

Use of failure mode and effect analysis to improve the monoclonal antibody drugs management process in pharmacy intravenous admixture services.

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) constitute a new form of immunotherapy that has shown great success in long-term tumour control. These injectable drugs are managed and compounded by the Pharmacy Intravenous Admixture Services (PIVAS) staff in a specified sterile environment. This study utilized failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) as a risk management tool to manage mAb drugs within the PIVAS.

Heteroatom sulfur-doping in single-atom FeNC catalysts for durable oxygen reduction performance in zinc-air batteries.

Heteroatom doping into the transition metal-based catalysts is an effective strategy to improve the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics. Herein, we proposed a one-step, soft template assisted, and green method for the synthesis of Sulfur (S) doped single atom FeNC catalyst. XAFS demonstrated that the Fe active sites in the FeNSC were more likely to possess the Fe-N configuration.

Long-range ordered high-entropy intermetallics enable stable and efficient hydrogen evolution in seawater.

Long-range ordered high-entropy intermetallics (HEIs) were synthesized a thermodynamically-driven atomic ordering strategy. The (FeCoNi)(RuPt) HEI achieves 200 mA cm at an overpotential of 56 mV and a remarkable low Tafel slope of 50.4 mV dec in alkaline seawater.

Overweight and glucose/lipid metabolism abnormality associated with SSRIs: a pharmacovigilance study based on the FDA adverse event reporting system.

Background: In the past few decades, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) became widely used antidepressants worldwide. Therefore, the adverse reactions of patients after SSRI administration became a public and clinical concern. In this study, we conducted a pharmacovigilance study using the Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database of the US Food and Drug Administration.

Metabolic Blockade-Based Genome Mining of SDU050: Discovery of Diverse Secondary Metabolites.

SDU050, a fungus derived from deep-sea sediment, is a prolific producer of diverse secondary metabolites. Genome sequencing revealed the presence of at least 69 biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs), including 30 encoding type I polyketide synthases (PKSs). This study reports the isolation and identification of four classes of secondary metabolites from wild-type SDU050, alongside five additional metabolite classes, including three novel cytochalasins (-), obtained from a mutant strain through the metabolic blockade strategy.

Integrative Bioinformatics and Experimental Validation Reveal the Mechanistic Action of Patchouli Alcohol in Prostate Cancer Treatment.

Introduction: Prostate cancer is an androgen-dependent malignancy, and the use of androgen deprivation therapies frequently results in treatment resistance, relapse, and the development of aggressive castration-resistant tumors. Patchouli alcohol, a tricyclic sesquiterpene derived from Pogostemon cablin of the Labiatae family, has demonstrated potential in modulating inflammatory responses and tumor progression. This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms through which patchouli alcohol influences inflammatory pathways associated with prostate cancer using bioinformatics and experimental validation.

Three New Dipeptide and Two New Polyketide Derivatives from the Mangrove-Derived Fungus sp.: Antioxidant Activity of Two Isolated Substances.

Five new metabolites, including three cyclic dipeptide derivatives (-) and two new polyketides (-), together with nine known ones (- and -), were isolated from the mangrove-sediments-derived fungus sp. SCSIO 41431. Their structures were determined using detailed NMR, MS spectroscopic analyses, and quantum chemical calculations.

Sciatic nerve entrapment after total hip arthroplasty in a patient with diffuse lipomatosis and developmental dysplasia of the hip: A rare case report.

Introduction And Importance: Diffuse lipomatosis is rare. In this case, a patient with diffuse lipomatosis and developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) underwent total hip arthroplasty (THA). Postoperatively, the patient experienced sciatic nerve entrapment.

Advancing the Validation of the Enrichment-Enhanced Detection Strategy with Au Nanoclusters for AChE Detection.

High-sensitivity fluorescent probes provide a powerful tool for understanding life processes and functioning mechanisms. Therefore, the development of a universal strategy to optimize probes holds substantial importance. Herein, we developed a novel strategy for common probe upgrades: rather than simply pursuing a higher fluorescence intensity of the probe itself, we tried to promote the detection sensitivity by enhancing the probe-substrate interactions.

An Organoid Model for the Therapeutic Effect of Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Consensus regarding the hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) for colorectal cancer (CRC) regimen remains elusive. In this study, patient-derived tumor organoids from CRC were utilized as a preclinical model for in vitro drug testing of HIPEC regimens commonly used in clinical practice. This approach was used to facilitate the clinical formulation of HIPEC.

Talaketides A-G, linear polyketides with prostate cancer cytotoxic activity from the mangrove sediment-derived fungus Talaromyces sp. SCSIO 41027.

Seven novel linear polyketides, talaketides A-G (1-7), were isolated from the rice media cultures of the mangrove sediment-derived fungus Talaromyces sp. SCSIO 41027. Among these, talaketides A-E (1-5) represented unprecedented unsaturated linear polyketides with an epoxy ring structure.

Stronger biogeographical pattern of bacterioplankton communities than biofilm communities along a riverine ecosystem: A local scale study of the Kaidu river in the arid and semi-arid northwest of China.

Although the biogeographical pattern and mechanisms underlying microbial assembly have been well-explored in lentic ecosystems, the relevant scenarios in lotic ecosystems remain poorly understood. By sequencing the bacterial communities in bacterioplankton and biofilm, our study detected their distance-decay relationship (DDR), and the balance between deterministic and stochastic processes, along the Kaidu river in an arid and semi-arid region of northwest China. Our results revealed that bacterioplankton and biofilm had significantly contrasting community structures.

Spatio-temporal pattern and associate factors study on intestinal infectious diseases based on panel model in Zhejiang Province.

Background: Intestinal infectious diseases (IIDs) can impact the growth and development of children and weaken adults. This study aimed to establish a spatial panel model to analyze the relationship between factors such as population, economy and health resources, and the incidence of common IIDs. The objective was to provide a scientific basis for the formulation diseases prevention measures.

Suppression of Structural Heterogeneity in High-Entropy Intermetallics for Electrocatalytic Upgrading of Waste Plastics.

The key to fully realizing the potential of high-entropy alloys (HEAs) lies in balancing their inherent local chemical disordering with the long-range ordering required for electrochemical applications. Herein, we synthesized a distinctive L1-(PtIr)(FeMoBi) high-entropy intermetallics (HEIs) exhibiting nanoscale long-range order and atomic scale short-range disorder via a lattice compensation strategy to mitigate the entropy reduction tendency. The (PtIr)(FeMoBi) catalyst exhibited remarkable activity and selectivity of glycollic acid (GA) production via electrocatalytic waste polymer-derived ethylene glycol oxidation reaction (EGOR).

Isolation and identification of epiphytic Pichia kudriavzevii from loquat peels and investigation of its fermentation characteristics for liquor production.

During the process of fruit wine production, yeast plays a crucial role in influencing the taste, flavor, and overall quality of the wine. This study aims to enhance the flavor and quality of loquat wine by isolating strains of Pichia kudriavzevii (P. kudriavzevii) with desirable winemaking characteristics from loquat fruit fermentation broth.

Integrating few-atom layer metal on high-entropy alloys to catalyze nitrate reduction in tandem.

While high-entropy alloy (HEA) catalysts seem to have the potential to break linear scaling relationships (LSRs) due to their structural complexity, the weighted averaging of properties among multiple principal components actually makes it challenging to diverge from the symmetry dependencies imposed by the LSRs. Herein, we develop a 'surface entropy reduction' method to induce the exsolution of a component with weak affinity for others, resulting in the formation of few-atom-layer metal (FL-M) on the surface of HEAs. These exsolved FL-M surpass the confines of the original configurational space of conventional HEAs, and collaborate with the HEA substrate, serving as geometrically separated active sites for multiple intermediates in a complex reaction.

Isolation, identification, and technological characteristics analysis of yeast strains from Pyracantha fortuneana fruits fermentation liquid.

Pyracantha fortuneana (P. fortuneana), as a medicinal and edible plant resource, is rich in nutrients. In order to screen the high quality yeast used in Firebone fruit wine, 12 strains of yeast were isolated and purified from P.

Antimicrobial Isochroman-Derived Atropo-Diastereomeric Dimers from Penicillium Steckii SCISO 41228.

A pair of unidentified atropo-diastereomeric dimers, penicisteckins G (1) and H (2), and twelve known compounds (3-16) were isolated from the marine coral-derived fungus Penicillium steckii SCISO 41228. Their structures including the absolute configuration were determined by HR-ESI-MS, ECD, 1D-, and 2D-NMR spectra. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited moderate antibacterial activity against most tested pathogenic strains, especially for methicillin-resistant Staphyloccocus aureus (MASA) and Micrococcus luteus, with MIC values of 4.