Enzymatic treatment shapes in vitro digestion pattern of phenolic compounds in mulberry juice.

The health benefits of mulberry fruit are closely associated with its phenolic compounds. However, the effects of enzymatic treatments on the digestion patterns of these compounds in mulberry juice remain largely unknown. This study investigated the impact of pectinase (PE), pectin lyase (PL), and cellulase (CE) on the release of phenolic compounds in whole mulberry juice.

Gut microbiota: a superior operator for dietary phytochemicals to improve atherosclerosis.

Mounting evidence implicates the gut microbiota as a possible key susceptibility factor for atherosclerosis (AS). The employment of dietary phytochemicals that strive to target the gut microbiota has gained scientific support for treating AS. This study conducted a general overview of the links between the gut microbiota and AS, and summarized available evidence that dietary phytochemicals improve AS manipulating gut microbiota.

Evaluating the expression level of genes related to autophagy in rheumatoid arthritis patients.

Rheumatoid arthritis or joint rheumatism is the most common systemic inflammatory disease of the joints and is considered one of the chronic autoimmune diseases. T cells and other immune cells are called to the synovial tissue and cause this disease to progress. Autophagy is a process that is associated with the breakdown of intracellular organelles.

Ameliorative effect of Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8661 on oleic acid-induced acne: integrated gut microbiota link to acne pathogenesis.

Background: Acne vulgaris is an inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit of the skin that has serious adverse effects on the physical and mental health of patients. Probiotics are extensively employed in dermatology and could be an alternative option for acne therapy. Here, we evaluated the effect of oral ingestion of live and inactivated Lactobacillus plantarum CCFM8661 on oleic acid-induced acne using a mouse model.

Insight into mixed chlorine/chloramines conversion and associated water quality variability in drinking water distribution systems.

Mixed chlorine/chloramines are common in drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs); however, their transformation and impact on chemical and microbial characteristics are not well understood. We systematically investigated water quality parameters associated with mixed chlorine/chloramine species conversion in 192 samples (including raw, finished, and tap water) collected throughout the year in a city in East China. Various chlorine/chloramine species (free chlorine, monochloramine [NHCl], dichloramine [NHCl], and organic chloramines [OC]) were detected in both chlorinated and chloraminated DWDSs.

Structural Characterization and Fermentation Characteristics of Enzymatically Extracted Black Mulberry Polysaccharides.

In this study, we systematically investigated the structural characterization and fermentation patterns of crude black mulberry fruit polysaccharides (BMPs), either extracted by water (BMP) or by enzymatic treatment. Different enzymatic treatments were pectinase-extracted (PE)-BMP, pectin lyase-extracted (PL)-BMP, cellulase-extracted (CE)-BMP, and compound enzymes-extracted (M)-BMP (pectinase:pectin lyase:cellulase = 1:1:1). Our results show that enzymatic treatment improved the polysaccharide yield and led to a different chemical composition and structure for the polysaccharides.

Using untargeted metabolomics to profile the changes in roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) anthocyanins during wine fermentation.

In this study, an UHPLC-QE-MS approach in combination with multivariate statistical analyses was used to investigate the metabolic profiles, especially the anthocyanin profiles, during the fermentation of roselle wine. Overall, a large number of different metabolites (e.g.

Dietary Fiber Modulates the Fermentation Patterns of Cyanidin-3--Glucoside in a Fiber-Type Dependent Manner.

The interactions between cell-wall polysaccharides and polyphenols in the gastrointestinal tract have attracted extensive attention. We hypothesized that dietary fiber modulates the fermentation patterns of cyanidin-3--glucoside (C3G) in a fiber-type-dependent manner. In the present study, the effects of four dietary fibers (fructose-oligosaccharides, pectin, β-glucan and arabinoxylan) on the modulation of C3G fermentation patterns were investigated through in vitro fermentation inoculated with human feces.

Recent advances on bioactive polysaccharides from mulberry.

Mulberry (Moraceae family), commonly considered as a folk remedy, has a long history of usage in many regions of the world. Polysaccharides regarded as one of the major components in mulberry plants, and they possess antioxidant, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective, prebiotic, immunomodulatory and antitumor properties, among others. In recent decades, mulberry polysaccharides have been widely studied for their multiple health benefits and potential economic value.

Tuina for periarthritis of shoulder: A systematic review protocol.

Background: Periarthritis of shoulder (PAS) symptom is one of the leading causes prompting many patients to seek treatment. Tuina is a common treatment for PAS in China. But at present, there is no systematic evaluation report on its therapeutic effectiveness and safety.

Analgesic effects of Chinese Tuina massage in a rat model of pain.

Previous clinical trials have suggested that the Chinese Tuina massage may exert transient analgesic effects. However, further investigation regarding the underlying mechanism has been hindered by the lack of a suitable animal model of pain. The present study established a rat model of hind leg pain by injecting 5.

[Expression of IL-21 in the peripheral blood of myasthenia gravis patients and its correlation with anti-AChR-Ab class switch].

Objective: To explore the role of IL-21 in the pathogenesis of myasthenia gravis (MG) and its influence on the the class switch of anti-AChR antibodies.

Methods: Blood was taken from 26 patients and 18 healthy controls, and the expression of IL-21R mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) was detected by RT-PCR. The expression of IL-21R on B lymphocytes was measured by flow cytometry, while the concentrations of serum IL-21 and the levels of anti-AChR-IgG and its isotype IgG(1), IgG(2), and IgG(3) were tested by ELISA.