Biofilms in plastisphere from freshwater wetlands: Biofilm formation, bacterial community assembly, and biogeochemical cycles.

Microorganisms can colonize to the surface of microplastics (MPs) to form biofilms, termed "plastisphere", which could significantly change their physiochemical properties and ecological roles. However, the biofilm characteristics and the deep mechanisms (interaction, assembly, and biogeochemical cycles) underlying plastisphere in wetlands currently lack a comprehensive perspective. In this study, in situ biofilm formation experiments were performed in a park with different types of wetlands to examine the plastisphere by extrinsic addition of PVC MPs in summer and winter, respectively.

Insight into the enhanced sludge dewaterability by tannic acid conditioning and pH regulation.

Tannic acid (TA), a phenolic compound, may be considered as a sludge conditioning agent on account of its ability to precipitate protein. In this study, the effectiveness of TA conditioning on enhancing waste activated sludge (WAS) dewatering was investigated at various pH values. The results indicated that with the conditioning of 0.