Chemodivergent, enantio- and regioselective couplings of alkynes, aldehydes and silanes enabled by nickel/N-heterocyclic carbene catalysis.

Divergent synthesis of valuable molecules through common starting materials and metal catalysis represents a longstanding challenge and a significant research goal. We here describe chemodivergent, highly enantio- and regioselective nickel-catalyzed reductive and dehydrogenative coupling reactions of alkynes, aldehydes, and silanes. A single chiral Ni-based catalyst is leveraged to directly prepare three distinct enantioenriched products (silyl-protected trisubstituted chiral allylic alcohols, oxasilacyclopentenes, and silicon-stereogenic oxasilacyclopentenes) in a single chemical operation.

[High expression of AURKB promotes malignant phenotype of osteosarcoma cells by activating nuclear factor-κB signaling DHX9].

Objectives: To investigate the regulatory mechanism of aurora kinase B (AURKB) for promoting malignant phenotype of osteosarcoma cells.

Methods: HA-Vector or HA-AURKB was transfected in 293T cells to identify the molecules interacting with AURKB using immunoprecipitation combined with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry followed by verification with co-immunoprecipitation and Western blotting. In cultured osteosarcoma cells with lentivirus-mediated RNA interference of AURKB or DHX9 or their overexpression, the changes in cell proliferation, migration, and invasion activities were observed with EDU and Transwell assays.

Gut microbiota dysbiosis in patients with Alzheimer's disease and correlation with multiple cognitive domains.

Background: Accumulating evidence suggested that Alzheimer's disease (AD) was associated with altered gut microbiota. However, the relationships between gut microbiota and specific cognitive domains of AD patients have yet been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to explore microbial signatures associated with global cognition and specific cognitive domains in AD patients and to determine their predictive value as biomarkers.

DABCO-Promoted (3 + 2) Annulation of D-A Cyclopropanes with Alkynoates for the Synthesis of Cyclopentenol Derivatives.

Efficient synthesis of highly functionalized cyclopentenols with an exocyclic Z double bond was investigated via a (3 + 2) annulation reaction of 2-aroyl-D-A (donor-acceptor) cyclopropanes with alkynoates in the presence of DABCO. This synthetic approach featured a wide range of readily available 2-aroyl-substituted D-A cyclopropanes with diverse functional groups, densely substituted cyclopentenols with two stereogenic centers and an exocyclic double bond in a highly stereocontrolled manner and had operationally simple and mild reaction conditions.

Analysis of risk factors related to acute exacerbation in patients with chronic pancreatitis: a retrospective study of 313 cases from a single center in China.

Background: Acute on chronic pancreatitis(ACP) is a common cause of treatment in patients with chronic pancreatitis(CP). However, as far as we know, research on ACP has been few, and the quality may vary. This study intended to explore the risk factors related to acute exacerbation in patients with chronic pancreatitis.

Specific gut microbiome signatures predict the risk of acute ischemic stroke.

Introduction: Numerous studies have reported alterations in the composition of gut microbiota in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS), with changes becoming more pronounced as the disease progresses. However, the association between the progression of transient ischemic attack (TIA) and AIS remains unclear. This study aims to elucidate the microbial differences among TIA, AIS, and healthy controls (HC) while exploring the associations between disease progression and gut microbiota.

New predictors of recurrence in post-polypectomy surveillance: a retrospective analysis of risk stratification for advanced adenomas and polyps.

Background And Aims: Recent guidelines emphasized that not all patients with recurrent polyps benefit from post-polypectomy surveillance, except for advanced adenomas recurrence. Our study aimed to analyze the recurrence risk factors for advanced adenomas and investigating the difference from any polyp recurrence.

Methods: This retrospective observational study included patients who underwent colonoscopy and at least once post-polypectomy surveillance.

Construction of a disulfidptosis-associated lncRNAs risk model to predict prognosis and immuno-infiltration analysis of lung adenocarcinoma.

Objective: To develop a risk model based on LncRNAs associated with disulfidptosis to forecast the prognosis and assess immune infiltration of Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD).

Methods: This study employed a bioinformatics approach. The study was conducted from March 29, 2023 and concluded on July 1, 2023 at Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.

Random Fourier features based nonlinear recurrent kernel normalized LMS algorithm with multiple feedbacks.

The performance of kernel adaptive filtering algorithms (KAFs) with nonlinear recurrent structures surpasses traditional KAFs, attributed to the nonlinear contribution of feedback. Nevertheless, the existing nonlinear recurrent KAFs primarily focus on a single feedback output, potentially limiting their latent filtering capabilities. In this paper, we introduce a novel alternative, named nonlinear recurrent kernel normalized least-mean-square with multiple feedbacks (NR-KNLMS-MF), which leverages the information from multiple feedback outputs.

The impact of short-term exposure to criteria air pollutants on sleep disturbance among young adults: A nationwide analysis in 261 Chinese cities.

Backgrounds: Evidence concerning the short-term acute effect of air pollution on sleep health is quite limited. This study aims to examine the association between short-term exposure to ambient criteria air pollutants (CAPs) and sleep disturbance among young adults.

Methods: A nationwide retrospective study was conducted across 261 Chinese cities from 2023 to 2024.

Gut commensal Parabacteroides distasonis exerts neuroprotective effects in acute ischemic stroke with hyperuricemia via regulating gut microbiota-gut-brain axis.

Background: Hyperuricemia is considered as an independent risk factor for acute ischemic stroke (AIS), and some AIS patients are accompanied by an increase in serum uric acid. Recent studies have highlighted the important role of gut microbiota in both hyperuricemia and AIS, but there is little available data on the relationship between gut microbiota and the pathogenesis of AIS with hyperuricemia (HAS).

Methods: Here we profiled the gut microbiota composition in 63 HAS patients and 269 non-HAS patients through 16s rRNA sequencing.

Gut commensal alleviates microglia-mediated neuroinflammation against pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease.

Gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease (AD). Here, we found that AD patients had significantly lower abundance of , which were negatively correlated with cognitive impairment. Animal experiments showed that supplementation increased beneficial commensal bacteria, significantly improved pathological damage, and suppressed microglial activation in APP/PS1 mice.

VCP enhances autophagy-related osteosarcoma progression by recruiting USP2 to inhibit ubiquitination and degradation of FASN.

Osteosarcoma (OS) is a highly aggressive malignant tumor with a high rate of disability and mortality rates, and dysregulated autophagy is a crucial factor in cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms that regulate autophagy in OS remain unclear. This study aimed to explore key molecules that affect autophagy in OS and their regulatory mechanisms.

Plant Rho GTPase ROP6 Is Essential for Manganese Homeostasis in Arabidopsis.

Manganese (Mn) is an indispensable mineral for plant growth and development. However, plants cultivated in acidic and poorly drained soils are vulnerable to Mn toxicity due to its heightened increased bioavailability. Despite the crucial roles of the Rho of plant (ROP) GTPases in various cellular processes, their precise function in regulating Mn homeostasis remains elusive.

Estimation of local variation in Young's modulus over a gold nanocontact using microscopic nanomechanical measurement method.

Nanoscale materials tend to have a single crystal domain, leading to not only size dependence but also orientation dependence of their mechanical properties. Recently, we developed a microscopic nanomechanical measurement method (MNMM), which enabled us to obtain equivalent spring constants (force gradients) of nanocontacts (NCs) while observing their atomic structures by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Therein, we evaluated Young's modulus based on a model that a newly introduced layer at the thinnest section of a NC determined the change in the measured equivalent spring constant, and discussed their size dependence.

Microbial community dynamics in different floc size aggregates during nitrogen removal process upgrading in a full-scale landfill leachate treatment plant.

Upgrading processes to reduce biodegradable organic substance addition is crucial for treating landfill leachate with high pollutant concentrations, aiding carbon emission reduction. Aggregate size in activated sludge processes impacts pollutant removal and sludge/water separation. This study investigated microbial community succession and driving mechanisms in different floc-size aggregates during nitrogen removal progress upgrade from conventional to partial nitrification-denitrification in a full-scale landfill leachate treatment plant (LLTP) using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.

Effect of concentrated growth factor on wound healing, side effects, and postoperative complications following third molar surgery.

Background: Third molar surgery often results in postoperative complications such as pain, trismus, and facial swelling due to surgical trauma. Concentrated Growth Factor (CGF), a third-generation platelet concentrate, is believed to enhance wound healing due to its rich content of growth factors and fibrin.

Methods: This systematic review followed PRISMA guidelines and included a search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library up to April 18, 2024.

The Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence-based Pedicle Screw Trajectory Planning in Patients With Different Levels of Bone Mineral Density.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of pedicle screw trajectory planning based on artificial intelligence (AI) software in patients with different levels of bone mineral density (BMD).

Summary Of Background Data: AI-based pedicle screw trajectory planning has potential to improve pullout force (POF) of screws.

Phillygenin inhibits neuroinflammation and promotes functional recovery after spinal cord injury via TLR4 inhibition of the NF-κB signaling pathway.

Background: Spinal cord injuries (SCIs) trigger a cascade of detrimental processes, encompassing neuroinflammation and oxidative stress (OS), ultimately leading to neuronal damage. Phillygenin (PHI), isolated from forsythia, is used in a number of biomedical applications, and is known to exhibit anti-neuroinflammation activity. In this study, we investigated the role and mechanistic ability of PHI in the activation of microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and subsequent neuronal apoptosis following SCI.

Fabrication and characterization of responsible approach for targeted intestinal releasing and enhancing the effectivity of kidney tea saponin upon porous starch /xanthan gum /sodium alginate-based hydrogel bead.

To enhance the intestinal targeted release of kidney tea saponins, a simple delivery system was designed through the use of porous starch (PS), sodium alginate (ALG) and xanthan gum (XG). Porous starch was prepared by hydrolysis with a combination of α-amylase and amyloglucosidase and it was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, which revealed the formation of porous structures in the starch granules. The results of one-way optimisation illustrated that this unique delivery system achieved 79.

An Efficient MnO Photocathode with an Excellent SnO Electron Transport Layer for Photo-Accelerated Zinc Ion Batteries.

Photo-accelerated rechargeable batteries play a crucial role in fully utilizing solar energy, but it is still a challenge to fabricate dual-functional photoelectrodes with simultaneous high solar energy harvesting and storage. This work reports an innovative photo-accelerated zinc-ion battery (PAZIB) featuring a photocathode with a SnO@MnO heterojunction. The design ingeniously combines the excellent electronic conductivity of SnO with the high energy storage and light absorption capacities of MnO.