Gut microbiome and NAFLD: impact and therapeutic potential.

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) affects approximately 32.4% of the global population and poses a significant health concern. Emerging evidence underscores the pivotal role of the gut microbiota-including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites-in the development and progression of NAFLD.

Tmem39b promotes tumor progression and sorafenib resistance by inhibiting ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) poses a significant threat to human health. Resistance to sorafenib in the chemotherapy of HCC is a common and significant issue that profoundly impacts clinical treatment. While several members of the transmembrane (TMEM) protein family have been implicated in the occurrence and progression of HCC, the association between TMEM39b and HCC remains unexplored.

Disturbance of consciousness caused by dyclonine hydrochloride mucilage: a case report.

Background: Dyclonine hydrochloride mucilage is a topical anaesthetic formulated for mucosal surfaces. It is employed frequently for topical anaesthesia of the pharynx prior to endoscopic examinations such as electronic gastroscopy, and few adverse reactions have been reported. This article describes a patient who experienced a transient but severe disturbance of consciousness following oral dyclonine hydrochloride mucilage administration.

Analysis of risk factors and development of a nomogram prediction model for lupus nephritis in systemic lupus erythematosus patients.

Background: This study aimed to explore risk factors for lupus nephritis (LN) in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and establish a Nomogram prediction model based on LASSO-logistic regression.

Methods: The clinical and laboratory data of SLE patients in Meishan People's Hospital from July 2012 to December 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. All SLE patients were divided into two groups with or without LN.

Autoimmune encephalitis after surgery for appendiceal cancer: A case report.

Background: Primary cancer of the appendix is rare and often difficult to diagnose preoperatively due to the lack of specific clinical symptoms. Autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) is the most common cause of non-infectious encephalitis. The etiologies of AIE include tumors (paraneoplastic), infections (parainfections), or recessive infections.

A novel ultra-low-volume regimen combining 1 L polyethylene glycol and linaclotide versus 2 L polyethylene glycol for colonoscopy cleansing in low-risk individuals: a randomized controlled trial.

Background And Aims: The single dose of 2 L polyethylene glycol (PEG) has shown high cleaning efficacy and tolerability in low-risk patients. However, the dosage of this regimen is still challenging for many patients. We investigated the efficacy and tolerability of a novel ultra-low-volume regimen using 1 L PEG and linaclotide (1 L PEG+L) versus a single dose of 2 L PEG in low-risk patients.

Pesticide exposure and forage shortage in rice cropping system prevents honey bee colony establishment.

As one of the key stable crops to feed half of the world's population, how rice cropping system affects honey bee health regarding pesticide exposure and forage availability is under investigated. We predicted honey bees were stressed by high pesticide exposure and forage dearth in monoculture rice systems. Providing access to natural habitats is a typical approach to mitigate the negative impact of intensive agriculture on honey bees.

Cold Atmospheric Plasma Activates Selective Photothermal Therapy of Cancer.

Due to the body's systemic distribution of photothermal agents (PTAs), and to the imprecise exposure of lasers, photothermal therapy (PTT) is challenging to use in treating tumor sites selectively. Striving for PTT with high selectivity and precise treatment is nevertheless important, in order to raise the survival rate of cancer patients and lower the likelihood of adverse effects on other body sections. Here, we studied cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) as a supplementary procedure to enhance selectivity of PTT for cancer, using the classical photothermic agent's gold nanostars (AuNSs).

Buffet-style Cu(II) for enhance disulfiram-based cancer therapy.

Studies have shown that disulfiram (DSF) can combine with Cu to form bis(N, N-diethyldithiocarbamate) copper(II) complex (CuET) as antitumor drugs. However, there is insufficient endogenous Cu dose to eradicate cancer cells selectively. Inspired by the buffet, we use Cu doped hollow zeolitic imidazolate framework nanoparticles (HZIF) as the carrier and equipped with DSF and indocyanine green (ICG) and targeted by folic acid (FA) (D&I@HZIF-FA) to enhance DSF-based cancer therapy.

Rapamycin inhibits B-cell activating factor (BAFF)-stimulated cell proliferation and survival by suppressing Ca-CaMKII-dependent PTEN/Akt-Erk1/2 signaling pathway in normal and neoplastic B-lymphoid cells.

B-cell activating factor (BAFF) is a crucial survival factor for B cells, and excess BAFF contributes to development of autoimmune diseases. Recent studies have shown that rapamycin can prevent BAFF-induced B-cell proliferation and survival, but the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. Here we found that rapamycin inhibited human soluble BAFF (hsBAFF)-stimulated cell proliferation by inducing G-cell cycle arrest, which was through downregulating the protein levels of CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, cyclin A, cyclin D1, and cyclin E.

BAFF inhibits autophagy promoting cell proliferation and survival by activating Ca-CaMKII-dependent Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in normal and neoplastic B-lymphoid cells.

B cell activating factor from the TNF family (BAFF) is implicated in not only the physiology of normal B cells, but also the pathophysiology of aggressive B cells related to malignant and autoimmune diseases. Autophagy plays a crucial role in balancing the beneficial and detrimental effects of immunity and inflammation. However, little is known about whether and how excessive BAFF mediates autophagy contributing to B-cell proliferation and survival.

Rapamycin attenuates BAFF-extended proliferation and survival via disruption of mTORC1/2 signaling in normal and neoplastic B-lymphoid cells.

B cell activating factor from the TNF family (BAFF) stimulates B-cell proliferation and survival, but excessive BAFF promotes the development of aggressive B cells leading to malignant and autoimmune diseases. Recently, we have reported that rapamycin, a macrocyclic lactone, attenuates human soluble BAFF (hsBAFF)-stimulated B-cell proliferation/survival by suppressing mTOR-mediated PP2A-Erk1/2 signaling pathway. Here, we show that the inhibitory effect of rapamycin on hsBAFF-promoted B cell proliferation/survival is also related to blocking hsBAFF-stimulated phosphorylation of Akt, S6K1, and 4E-BP1, as well as expression of survivin in normal and B-lymphoid (Raji and Daudi) cells.

Verteporfin can Reverse the Paclitaxel Resistance Induced by YAP Over-Expression in HCT-8/T Cells without Photoactivation through Inhibiting YAP Expression.

Background/aims: Paclitaxel (PTX) is one of the most effective anti-cancer drugs. However, multiple drug resistance is still the main factor that hinders the effective treatment of cancer with PTX. Several factors including YAP over-expression can cause PTX resistance.

Rapamycin inhibits BAFF-stimulated cell proliferation and survival by suppressing mTOR-mediated PP2A-Erk1/2 signaling pathway in normal and neoplastic B-lymphoid cells.

B-cell activating factor (BAFF) is involved in not only physiology of normal B cells, but also pathophysiology of aggressive B cells related to malignant and autoimmune diseases. Rapamycin, a lipophilic macrolide antibiotic, has recently shown to be effective in the treatment of human lupus erythematosus. However, how rapamycin inhibits BAFF-stimulated B-cell proliferation and survival has not been fully elucidated.