Xenogenous implanted dental follicle stem cells promote periodontal regeneration through inducing the N2 phenotype of neutrophils.

Background: Periodontal tissue loss is the main reason for tooth mobility and loss caused by periodontal disease. Dental follicle stem cells (DFSCs) have significant therapeutic potential in periodontal regeneration, which maybe mainly depends on their potent immunomodulatory capacity. Consequently, this study aims to elucidate the impact of implanted xenogenous DFSCs on innate immune responses during early and late stages in the periodontal defect repair period.

Acute hyper-hypoxia accelerates the development of depression in mice via the IL-6/PGC1α/MFN2 signaling pathway.

Background: Neural cell damage is an important cause of exacerbation of depression symptoms caused by hypoxia, but the mechanism behind it is still unclear. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC1α)/mitofusin-2 (MFN2) signaling axis in the development of depression in mice under hypoxia.

Methods: Male Institute of Cancer Research mice (age, 6 weeks) were assigned to the normal group, chronic unpredictable mild stress group (CUMS group), or CUMS + hyper-hypoxia group (CUMS + H group).

Reinforcement learning of altruistic punishment differs between cultures and across the lifespan.

Altruistic punishment is key to establishing cooperation and maintaining social order, yet its developmental trends across cultures remain unclear. Using computational reinforcement learning models, we provided the first evidence of how social feedback dynamically influences group-biased altruistic punishment across cultures and the lifespan. Study 1 (n = 371) found that Chinese participants exhibited higher learning rates than Americans when socially incentivized to punish unfair allocations.

Dexmedetomidine suppresses hippocampal astrocyte pyroptosis in cerebral hypoxic-ischemic neonatal rats by upregulating microRNA-148a-3p to inactivate the STAT/JMJD3 axis.

Objective: Dexmedetomidine (DEX), a selective α2-adrenoceptor agonist, is an anesthetic and sedative agent and has been reported to confer neuroprotective effects after cerebral hypoxic ischemia (CHI). This study was undertaken to elucidate the mechanisms by which microRNA (miR)-148a-3p is involved in the neuroprotective effect of DEX on hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in neonatal rats.

Methods: Neonatal rats were exposed to CHI conditions, a miR-148a-3p inhibitor, and DEX.

Neural Tube Defects and Folate Deficiency: Is DNA Repair Defective?

Neural tube defects (NTDs) are complex congenital malformations resulting from failure of neural tube closure during embryogenesis, which is affected by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. It is well known that folate deficiency increases the incidence of NTDs; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Folate deficiency not only causes DNA hypomethylation, but also blocks the synthesis of 2'-deoxythymidine-5'-monophosphate (dTMP) and increases uracil misincorporation, resulting in genomic instabilities such as base mismatch, DNA breakage, and even chromosome aberration.

Unraveling the Mechanisms of Clinical Drugs-Induced Neural Tube Defects Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Analysis.

Chemotherapeutic agents such as methotrexate (MTX), raltitrexed (RTX), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), hydroxyurea (HU), and retinoic acid (RA), and valproic acid (VPA), an antiepileptic drug, all can cause malformations in the developing central nervous system (CNS), such as neural tube defects (NTDs). However, the common pathogenic mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to explore the mechanisms of NTDs caused by MTX, RTX, 5-FU, HU, RA, and VPA (MRFHRV), based on network pharmacology and molecular biology experiments.

The Impact of Smoking on Subgingival Plaque and the Development of Periodontitis: A Literature Review.

Smoking seriously affects oral health and causes a variety of oral diseases. Numerous clinical data show that smoking significantly increases the risk of periodontitis, and the duration and amount of smoking are positively correlated with the severity of periodontitis. In fact, smoking creates an environment conducive to the colonization of periodontopathogens, which affects the process of periodontitis.

A self-sustainable wearable multi-modular E-textile bioenergy microgrid system.

Despite the fast development of various energy harvesting and storage devices, their judicious integration into efficient, autonomous, and sustainable wearable systems has not been widely explored. Here, we introduce the concept and design principles of e-textile microgrids by demonstrating a multi-module bioenergy microgrid system. Unlike earlier hybrid wearable systems, the presented e-textile microgrid relies solely on human activity to work synergistically, harvesting biochemical and biomechanical energy using sweat-based biofuel cells and triboelectric generators, and regulating the harvested energy via supercapacitors for high-power output.

Time-driven activity-based costing of a novel form of CT-guided high-dose-rate brachytherapy intraoperative radiation therapy compared with conventional breast intraoperative radiation therapy for early stage breast cancer.

Introduction: Intraoperative radiation therapy is an emerging option for adjuvant therapy for early stage breast cancer, although it is not currently considered standard of care in the United States. We applied time-driven activity-based costing to compare two alternative methods of breast intraoperative radiation therapy, including treatment similar to the techniques employed in the TARGIT-A clinical trial and a novel version with CT-guidance and high-dose-rate (HRD) brachytherapy.

Methods And Materials: Process maps were created to describe the steps required to deliver intraoperative radiation therapy for early stage breast cancer at each institution.

Traditional Uses, Bioactive Constituents, Biological Functions, and Safety Properties of as Functional Foods in China.

is an animal-based traditional Chinese material widely used as tonics in China for hundreds of years. Various bioactive components are present in OR including proteins, amino acids, steroids, fatty acids, phospholipids, nucleosides, vitamins, hydantoins, and mineral elements. These constituents exert a myriad of biological functions such as immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antifatigue, antiaging, estrogen-like, hepatoprotective, hypolipidemic, antiosteoporotic, antidepressant, antitumor, antitussive, expectorant, anti-inflammatory, and antiasthmatic activities.

The first complete mitochondrial genome of a parasitic isopod supports Epicaridea Latreille, 1825 as a suborder and reveals the less conservative genome of isopods.

The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the holoparasitic isopod Gyge ovalis (Shiino, 1939) has been determined. The mitogenome is 14,268 bp in length and contains 34 genes: 13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNA, 19 tRNA and a control region. Three tRNA genes (trnE, trnI and trnS1) are missing.

Pediatric hyperimmunoglobulin E syndrome: A case series of 4 children in China.

Hyperimmunoglobulin E syndromes (HIES) are rare primary immunodeficiency diseases characterized by markedly elevated serum immunoglobulin (Ig) E, recurrent pneumonia, and chronic eczema. To date, information about pediatric HIES is limited. We aimed to evaluate the spectrum of clinical and immunological features in pediatric patients with HIES in China.

A 2-year step-down withdrawal from inhaled corticosteroids in asthmatic children receiving immunotherapy.

Background: Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) for treating asthma are controversial because of their negative effects on the growth of asthmatic children and without clearly defined withdrawal strategy. A 2-year ICS step-down and withdrawal strategy has been developed for asthmatic children receiving 3-year subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT).

Methods: Eleven children were included into the SCIT group and 13 children into the ICS group.

iTRAQ-based Quantitative Proteomics Study in Patients with Refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) is a leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia in children and young adults. Although MP pneumonia is usually benign and self-limited, in some cases it can develop into life-threating refractory MP pneumonia (RMPP). However, the pathogenesis of RMPP is poorly understood.

Establishing the feasibility of the dosimetric compliance criteria of RTOG 1308: phase III randomized trial comparing overall survival after photon versus proton radiochemotherapy for inoperable stage II-IIIB NSCLC.

Background: To establish the feasibility of the dosimetric compliance criteria of the RTOG 1308 trial through testing against Intensity Modulation Radiation Therapy (IMRT) and Passive Scattering Proton Therapy (PSPT) plans.

Methods: Twenty-six lung IMRT and 26 proton PSPT plans were included in the study. Dose Volume Histograms (DVHs) for targets and normal structures were analyzed.

Structures' validation profiles in Transmission of Imaging and Data (TRIAD) for automated National Clinical Trials Network (NCTN) clinical trial digital data quality assurance.

Transmission of Imaging and Data (TRIAD) is a standard-based system built by the American College of Radiology to provide the seamless exchange of images and data for accreditation of clinical trials and registries. Scripts of structures' names validation profiles created in TRIAD are used in the automated submission process. It is essential for users to understand the logistics of these scripts for successful submission of radiation therapy cases with less iteration.

Automated Extraction of Dose/Volume Statistics for Radiotherapy-Treatment-Plan Evaluation in Clinical-Trial Quality Assurance.

Radiotherapy clinical-trial quality assurance is a crucial yet challenging process. This note presents a tool that automatically extracts dose/volume statistics for determining dosimetry compliance review with improved efficiency and accuracy. A major objective of this study is to develop an automated solution for clinical-trial radiotherapy dosimetry review.

Study of Acute Exogenous Lipoid Pneumonia.

Objective: To analyze the clinical and imagenological characteristics of acute Exogenous lipoid pneumonia (ELP), explore its risk factors, and assess the potential role of multiple bronchoalveolar lavages (BALs) and steroid therapy in the treatment of children with acute ELP.

Methods: Between May 2011 and July 2014, 33 pediatric patients with pneumonia caused by aspiration of oil-based substances were admitted to the Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangdong, China. Data on the demographics of these patients, as well as that on clinical presentations, imagenological characteristics, history of ingestion, laboratory observations, treatment protocol, response to therapy, BAL findings, and treatment outcomes were collected.

Validation of a rectal cancer outcome prediction model with a cohort of Chinese patients.

The risk of local recurrence (LR), distant metastases (DM) and overall survival (OS) of locally advanced rectal cancer after preoperative chemoradiation can be estimated by prediction models and visualized using nomograms, which have been trained and validated in European clinical trial populations. Data of 277 consecutive locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma patients treated with preoperative chemoradiation and surgery from Shanghai Cancer Center, were retrospectively collected and used for external validation. Concordance index (C-index) and calibration curves were used to assess the performance of the previously developed prediction models in this routine clinical validation population.

On voxel-by-voxel accumulated dose for prostate radiation therapy using deformable image registration.

Since delivered dose is rarely the same with planned, we calculated the delivered total dose to ten prostate radiotherapy patients treated with rectal balloons using deformable dose accumulation (DDA) and compared it with the planned dose. The patients were treated with TomoTherapy using two rectal balloon designs: five patients had the Radiadyne balloon (balloon A), and five patients had the EZ-EM balloon (balloon B). Prostate and rectal wall contours were outlined on each pre-treatment MVCT for all patients.

Direct perturbation theory for the dark soliton solution to the nonlinear Schrödinger equation with normal dispersion.

After finding the basic solutions of the linearized nonlinear Schrödinger equation by the method of separation of variables, the perturbation theory for the dark soliton solution is constructed by linear Green's function theory. In application to the self-induced Raman scattering, the adiabatic corrections to the soliton's parameters are obtained and the remaining correction term is given as a pure integral with respect to the continuous spectral parameter.

[Effects of salbutamo and ipraopium bromide inhalation on pulmonary function in young children with asthmatoid bronchitis].

Objective: The efficacy of bronchodilator in asthmatoid bronchitis remains controversial. This study was designed to investigate the effects of bronchodilators, salbutamo and ipraopium bromide, on the pulmonary function in young children with this disease.

Methods: Pulmonary function tests were performed in 20 children with asthmatoid bronchitis (2 months-2.