Engineered exosomes restore miR-508-5p expression in uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma and reduce tumor progression and metastasis by targeting DLL3.

Introduction: Endometrial cancer (EC) is a growing global health concern. Understanding the molecular mechanisms driving EC is crucial for developing effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. This study investigates the roles of DLL3 and miR-508-5p in EC progression and explores a therapeutic approach using engineered exosomes to modulate their expression.

Protective effects of Sulforaphene on kidney damage and gut dysbiosis in high-fat diet plus streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most serious and prevalent complications associated with diabetes. Consequently, antidiabetic drugs or foods potentially protecting the kidneys are of significant therapeutic value. Sulforaphene (SFE) is a natural isothiocyanate derived from radish seeds, known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

Neurotoxic lesions of the anterior claustrum influence cued fear memory in rats.

Background: The claustrum (CLA), a subcortical area between the insular cortex and striatum, innervates almost all cortical regions of the mammalian brain. There is growing evidence that CLA participates in many brain functions, including memory, cognition, and stress response. It is proposed that dysfunction or malfunction of the CLA might be the pathology of some brain diseases, including stress-induced depression and anxiety.

Activation of trace amine-associated receptor 1 ameliorates PTSD-like symptoms.

Trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) negatively modulates monoaminergic transmission in the mammalian brain and participates in many psychiatric disorders. Preclinical evidence indicate that selective TAAR1 agonists have anxiolytic effects and anti-stress properties. Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety disorder triggered by experiencing or witnessing traumatic stressors.

Integrative gene duplication and genome-wide analysis as an approach to facilitate wheat reverse genetics: An example in the TaCIPK family.

Introduction: Reverse genetic studies conducted in the plant with a complex or polyploidy genome enriched with large gene families (like wheat) often meet challenges in identifying the key candidate genes related to important traits and prioritizing the genes for functional experiments.

Objective: To overcome the above-mentioned challenges of reverse genetics, this work aims to establish an efficient multi-species strategy for genome-wide gene identification and prioritization of the key candidate genes.

Methods: We established the integrative gene duplication and genome-wide analysis (iGG analysis) as a strategy for pinpointing key candidate genes deserving functional research.

Environmental Impact Assessment for the Use of an Orally Aerosolized Adenovirus Type-5 Vector-Based COVID-19 Vaccine in Randomized Clinical Trials.

Background: An orally aerosolized adenovirus type-5 vector-based coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine (Ad5-nCoV) has recently been authorized for boosting immunization in China. Our study aims to assess the environmental impact of the use of aerosolized Ad5-nCoV.

Methods: We collected air samples from rooms, swabs from the desks on which the vaccine nebulizer was set, mask samples from participants, and blood samples of nurses who administered the inoculation in the clinical trials.

Antibody persistence and safety after heterologous boosting with orally aerosolised Ad5-nCoV in individuals primed with two-dose CoronaVac previously: 12-month analyses of a randomized controlled trial.

Antibody persistence and safety up to 12 months of heterologous orally administered adenovirus type-5 vector-based COVID-19 vaccine (Ad5-nCoV) in individuals who were primed with two-dose inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (CoronaVac) previously, has not been reported yet. This randomized, open-label, single-centre trial included Chinese adults who have received two-dose CoronaVac randomized to low-dose or high-dose aerosolised Ad5-nCoV group, or CoronaVac group. In this report, we mainly evaluated the geometric mean titres (GMTs) of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) against live wild-type SARS-CoV-2 virus and omicron BA.

Impact of vaccination on kinetics of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 by serum live neutralization test based on a prospective cohort.

How much the vaccine contributes to the induction and development of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) of breakthrough cases relative to those unvaccinated-infected cases is not fully understood. We conducted a prospective cohort study and collected serum samples from 576 individuals who were diagnosed with SARS-CoV-2 Delta strain infection, including 245 breakthrough cases and 331 unvaccinated-infected cases. NAbs were analysed by live virus microneutralization test and transformation of NAb titre.

Functional characterization of BdCIPK31 in plant response to potassium deficiency stress.

Potassium (K) is one of the most essential macronutrients for plants. However, K is deficient in some cultivated soils. Hence, improving the efficiencies of K uptake and utilization is important for agricultural production.

A novel conductive nanocomposite-based biosensor for ultrasensitive detection of microRNA-21 in serum, using methylene blue as mediator.

MicroRNA-21 (miRNA-21) is a common biomarker with high expression in breast tumors. Therefore, sensitive detection of miRNA-21 is of great significance for clinical breast tumor diagnosis. A TH/rGO/CMK-3/AuNPs nanocomposite is composed of thionine (TH), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), ordered mesoporous carbon (CMK-3), and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), which help to increase the specific surface area of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and to amplify the DPV signal.

Safety and immunogenicity of heterologous boost immunization with an adenovirus type-5-vectored and protein-subunit-based COVID-19 vaccine (Convidecia/ZF2001): A randomized, observer-blinded, placebo-controlled trial.

Background: Heterologous boost vaccination has been proposed as an option to elicit stronger and broader, or longer-lasting immunity. We assessed the safety and immunogenicity of heterologous immunization with a recombinant adenovirus type-5-vectored Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine (Convidecia, hereafter referred to as CV) and a protein-subunit-based COVID-19 vaccine (ZF2001, hereafter referred to as ZF).

Methods And Findings: We conducted a randomized, observer-blinded, placebo-controlled trial, in which healthy adults aged 18 years or older, who have received 1 dose of Convidecia, with no history of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, were recruited in Jiangsu, China.

Electrochemical aptasensor based on electrodeposited poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-graphene oxide coupled with Au@Pt nanocrystals for the detection of 17β-estradiol.

An electrochemical aptasensor is reported for the sensitive and specific monitoring of 17β-estradiol (E2) based on the modification of electrodeposited poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)-graphene oxide (GO) coupled with Au@Pt nanocrystals (Au@Pt). With excellent conductivity, chemical stability and active sites, the PEDOT-GO nanocomposite film was firstly in situ polymerized on the glassy carbon electrode by cyclic voltammetry. Subsequently, one-step synthesized Au@Pt were decorated on the conductive polymer, providing a platform for immobilizing the aptamer and enhancing the detecting sensitivity.

TaASR1-D confers abiotic stress resistance by affecting ROS accumulation and ABA signalling in transgenic wheat.

Cultivating new crop cultivars with multiple abiotic stress tolerances is important for crop production. The abscisic acid-stress-ripening (ASR) protein has been shown to confer abiotic stress tolerance in plants. However, the mechanisms of ASR function under stress condition remain largely unclear.

Genome-wide identification and expression profiling of trihelix gene family under abiotic stresses in wheat.

Background: The trihelix gene family is a plant-specific transcription factor family that plays important roles in plant growth, development, and responses to abiotic stresses. However, to date, no systemic characterization of the trihelix genes has yet been conducted in wheat and its close relatives.

Results: We identified a total of 94 trihelix genes in wheat, as well as 22 trihelix genes in Triticum urartu, 29 in Aegilops tauschii, and 31 in Brachypodium distachyon.

Identification of Potential Genes Responsible for Thermotolerance in Wheat under High Temperature Stress.

Wheat, a major worldwide staple food crop, is relatively sensitive to a changing environment, including high temperature. The comprehensive mechanism of heat stress response at the molecular level and exploitation of candidate tolerant genes are far from enough. Using transcriptome data, we analyzed the gene expression profiles of wheat under heat stress.

, a Sucrose Non-fermenting 1-Related Protein Kinase Gene, Positively Regulates Plant Response to Drought and Salt Stress in Transgenic Tobacco.

Sucrose non-fermenting 1-related protein kinase 2 (SnRK2) family members play crucial roles in plant abiotic stress response. However, the precise mechanism underlying the function of SnRKs has not been thoroughly elucidated in plants. In this research, a novel gene, was cloned and characterized from common wheat.

Expression of TaGF14b, a 14-3-3 adaptor protein gene from wheat, enhances drought and salt tolerance in transgenic tobacco.

TaGF14b enhances tolerance to multiple stresses through ABA signaling pathway by altering physiological and biochemical processes, including ROS-scavenging system, stomatal closure, compatible osmolytes, and stress-related gene expressions in tobaccos. The 14-3-3 proteins are involved in plant growth, development, and in responding to abiotic stresses. However, the precise functions of 14-3-3s in responding to drought and salt stresses remained unclear, especially in wheat.

BdCIPK31, a Calcineurin B-Like Protein-Interacting Protein Kinase, Regulates Plant Response to Drought and Salt Stress.

Calcineurin B-like protein interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) are vital elements in plant abiotic stress signaling pathways. However, the functional mechanism of CIPKs has not been understood clearly, especially in , a new monocot model plant. In this study, a gene from was characterized.

Identification of the ASR gene family from Brachypodium distachyon and functional characterization of BdASR1 in response to drought stress.

A genome-wide investigation identified five B. distachyon ASR genes. BdASR1 may be a transcription factor that confers drought resistance by activating antioxidant systems involving ROS-scavenging enzymes and non-enzymatic antioxidants.

TaCIPK29, a CBL-interacting protein kinase gene from wheat, confers salt stress tolerance in transgenic tobacco.

Calcineurin B-like protein-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) have been found to be responsive to abiotic stress. However, their precise functions and the related molecular mechanisms in abiotic stress tolerance are not completely understood, especially in wheat. In the present study, TaCIPK29 was identified as a new member of CIPK gene family in wheat.

Ectopic expression of wheat TaCIPK14, encoding a calcineurin B-like protein-interacting protein kinase, confers salinity and cold tolerance in tobacco.

Calcineurin B-like protein-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) are components of Ca(2+) signaling in responses to abiotic stresses. In this work, the full-length cDNA of a novel CIPK gene (TaCIPK14) was isolated from wheat and was found to have significant sequence similarity to OsCIPK14/15. Subcellular localization assay revealed the presence of TaCIPK14 throughout the cell.