ICOS-expressing CAR-T cells mediate durable eradication of triple-negative breast cancer and metastasis.

Background: The failure of conventional therapies and the propensity for recurrence and metastasis make triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) a formidable challenge with grim prognoses and diminished survival rates. Immunotherapy, including immune checkpoint blockade and chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy, presents innovative and potentially more effective strategies for addressing TNBC. Within this context, the inducible costimulator (ICOS), a member of the CTLA4/CD28 family, plays a crucial role in regulating immune responses and T-cell differentiation by binding to its ligand ICOSL.

Research Progress of Metal-Organic Frameworks as Drug Delivery Systems.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are composite crystalline materials created through the coordination of metal ions and organic ligands. MOFs have attracted extensive attention in the biomedical field based on the advantages of internal porosity, customizable porosity, and facile surface modification. This review examines the utilization of MOFs in drug delivery systems, focusing on the research progress from the aspects of coloading drug systems, intelligent responsive carriers, biological macromolecule stabilizers, self-driving micro/nanomotors, and multifunctional living carriers.

Image processing based modeling for Rosa roxburghii fruits mass and volume estimation.

The mass and volume of Rosa roxburghii fruits are essential for fruit grading and consumer selection. Physical characteristics such as dimension, projected area, mass, and volume are interrelated. Image-based mass and volume estimation facilitates the automation of fruit grading, which can replace time-consuming and laborious manual grading.

5-HT receptors exert differential effects on seizure-induced respiratory arrest in DBA/1 mice.

Both clinical and animal studies demonstrated that seizure-induced respiratory arrest (S-IRA) contributes importantly to sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). It has been shown that enhancing serotonin (5-HT) function relieves S-IRA in animal models of SUDEP, including DBA/1 mice. Direct activation of 5-HT3 and 5-HT4 receptors suppresses S-IRA in DBA/1 mice, indicating that these receptors are involved in S-IRA.

Biochemical Characterization of a Novel Thermostable Ulvan Lyase from CW2-9.

Ulvan is a complex sulfated polysaccharide extracted from , and ulvan lyases can degrade ulvan through a β-elimination mechanism to obtain oligosaccharides. In this study, a new ulvan lyase, EPL15085, which belongs to the polysaccharide lyase (PL) 28 family from CW2-9, was characterized in detail. The optimal pH and salinity are 9.

Enhancing the action of serotonin by three different mechanisms prevents spontaneous seizure-induced mortality in Dravet mice.

Objective: Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is an underestimated complication of epilepsy. Previous studies have demonstrated that enhancement of serotonergic neurotransmission suppresses seizure-induced sudden death in evoked seizure models. However, it is unclear whether elevated serotonin (5-HT) function will prevent spontaneous seizure-induced mortality (SSIM), which is characteristic of human SUDEP.

Identification and validation of anoikis-related lncRNAs for prognostic significance and immune microenvironment characterization in ovarian cancer.

Anoikis, a form of apoptotic cell death resulting from inadequate cell-matrix interactions, has been implicated in tumor progression by regulating tumor angiogenesis and metastasis. However, the potential roles of anoikis-related long non-coding RNAs (arlncRNAs) in the tumor microenvironment are not well understood. In this study, five candidate lncRNAs were screened through least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), and multivariate Cox regression analysis based on differentially expressed lncRNAs associated with anoikis-related genes (ARGs) from TCGA and GSE40595 datasets.

Diagnostic value of 3D volume measurement of central pulmonary artery based on CTPA images in the pulmonary hypertension.

Background: This retrospective study aims to evaluate the diagnostic value of volume measurement of central pulmonary arteries using computer tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) for predicting pulmonary hypertension (PH).

Methods: A total of 59 patients in our hospital from November 2013 to April 2021 who underwent both right cardiac catheterization (RHC) and CTPA examination were included. Systolic pulmonary artery pressure (SPAP), mean PAP (mPAP), and diastolic PAP (DPAP) were acquired from RHC testing.

Dual-targeted nanoparticles with removing ROS inside and outside mitochondria for acute kidney injury treatment.

Mitochondrial oxidative stress and inflammation are the main pathological features of acute kidney injury (AKI). However, systemic toxicity of anti-inflammatory drugs and low bioavailability of antioxidants limit the treatment of AKI. Here, the lipid micelle nanosystem modified with l-serine was designed to improve treatment of AKI.

In vivo imaging of mitochondrial DNA mutations using an integrated nano Cas12a sensor.

Mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) play critical roles in many human diseases. In vivo visualization of cells bearing mtDNA mutations is important for resolving the complexity of these diseases, which remains challenging. Here we develop an integrated nano Cas12a sensor (InCasor) and show its utility for efficient imaging of mtDNA mutations in live cells and tumor-bearing mouse models.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery for complex pediatric surgical conditions.

Background: Robotics has been used safely and successfully in a variety of adult surgeries and is gradually gaining ground in pediatrics. While the benefits of robotic-assisted surgery in disease treatment are well recognized, its high cost has led to questions. To investigate whether robotic-assisted laparoscopic surgery (RALS) is cost-effective compared to conventional laparoscopic surgery (LS) in pediatric surgery, we attempted to construct a model to perform an analysis of these two surgical approaches using Python statistical analysis software.

Congenital hepatoblastoma presenting with hepatic arteriovenous fistulas: a case report.

Aim: Congenital hepatoblastoma, a rare malignant liver tumor in infancy, typically presents with abdominal distension or mass. Tumors detected antenatally or during the first three months of age are considered congenital hepatoblastoma. Hepatic arteriovenous fistulas (HAVF) are associated with high mortality in the neonatal period and can be caused by many secondary factors.

The interplay of common genetic variants NRG1 rs2439302 and RET rs2435357 increases the risk of developing Hirschsprung's disease.

As a congenital and genetically related disease, many single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been reported to be associated with the risk of HSCR. Our previous research showed that SNP rs2439302 (NRG1) interacted with rs2435357 (RET) to increase the risk of HSCR development. However, the underlying molecular mechanism is still not well understood.

Robust Dual Enzyme Cascade-Catalytic Cholesterol Depletion for Reverse Tumor Multidrug Resistance.

Although combination drugs and P-glycoprotein inhibitors are the main methods to solve multidrug resistance, these methods ignore the pathological structure of drug-resistant cells and extremely limit curative effect. Herein, a new paradigm of reversing multidrug resistance with abnormal expression of cholesterol as the target is proposed, which uses the cascade catalysis of "natural enzyme" cholesterol oxidase (COD) and "nanoenzyme" Cu -modified zirconium-based metal-organic framework (ZrMOF(Cu)) to convert cholesterol into the highly cytotoxic hydroxyl radicals. The doxorubicin (DOX)-loaded nanoparticles (DOX@COD-MOF) can significantly reduce the cholesterol content of cancer cells via COD, which decrease the rigidity of drug resistant cancer cell membranes and restore the sensitivity of multidrug-resistant cells to DOX.

Expansion of Clinical and Genetic Spectrum of Neurodevelopmental Disorder in 23 Chinese Patients.

Aim: variants account for 1-3% of unexplained intellectual disability cases in females and very rarely in males. Yet, the clinical and genetic features of neurodevelopmental disorder in the Chinese cohort have not been characterized.

Method: A total of 23 Chinese patients (i.

Genistein, a Natural Isoflavone, Alleviates Seizure-Induced Respiratory Arrest in DBA/1 Mice.

Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is a fatal event that ranks second in years of potential life lost among neurological disorders. Seizure-induced respiratory arrest (S-IRA) is the primary instigator leading to death in many SUDEP cases. However, there are currently no effective preventive strategies against S-IRA other than the seizure control.

Re-evaluation of jumping purse-string suturing in pediatric laparoscopic hernia repair.

Background: Reported recurrence rates using jumping purse-string suturing in laparoscopic hernia repair (LH) are higher than that of intact purse-string. This study aims to compare the outcomes of LH using transabdominal jumping purse-string suturing (TJS) with those using transabdominal intact purse-string suturing (TIS) and percutaneous extraperitoneal intact purse-string suturing (PEIS).

Methods: A total of 3340 patients from three centers who have undergone laparoscopic hernia repair from January 2016 to June 2019 were retrospectively reviewed.

Natural products as pharmacological modulators of mitochondrial dysfunctions for the treatments of Alzheimer's disease: A comprehensive review.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by neuronal loss and cognitive impairment that harshly affect the elderly individuals. Currently, the available anti-AD pharmacological approaches are purely symptomatic to alleviate AD symptoms, and the curative effects of novel anti-AD drugs focused on Aβ target are disappointing. Hence, there is a tremendous need to adjust AD therapeutic targets and discover novel anti-AD agents.

Signatures of continuous hexatic-liquid transition in two-dimensional melting.

Recent studies have shown that the melting of two-dimensional crystals can be either continuous or discontinuous, relying on multiple parameters such as particle stiffness, density, and particle size dispersity. However, what determines the continuity or discontinuity of the two-dimensional melting remains elusive. Here we study the two-dimensional melting of binary mixtures of soft-core particles.

Resuturing Without Enterostomy for the Treatment of Early-Stage Anastomotic Leaks After Laparoscopic Soave Procedure in Hirschsprung's Disease.

Anastomotic leak (AL) rates gradually decreased with surgical skills and perioperative management progression, but it is still inevitable. As the traditional management of AL after the pull-through procedure of Hirschsprung's disease (HD), enterostomy could lead to multiple surgeries, repeated hospitalizations, increased costs, and enterostomy-associated complications. This study aimed to explore the safety and feasibility of resuturing without enterostomy treating early AL after the laparoscopic Soave procedure.

Outcomes in robotic versus laparoscopic-assisted choledochal cyst excision and hepaticojejunostomy in children.

Background: Robotic-assisted surgery (RAS) is becoming more popular because of the excellent performance in anastomosis and knot tying, especially in complex surgical procedures such as hepaticojejunostomy. As for operative time and costs, laparoscopic-assisted surgery (LAS) seem to be more advantageous. To date, there are only limited studies focusing on the comparison between RAS and LAS.

Connecting glass-forming ability of binary mixtures of soft particles to equilibrium melting temperatures.

The glass-forming ability is an important material property for manufacturing glasses and understanding the long-standing glass transition problem. Because of the nonequilibrium nature, it is difficult to develop the theory for it. Here we report that the glass-forming ability of binary mixtures of soft particles is related to the equilibrium melting temperatures.

Dynamic Change of Shanks Gene mRNA Expression and DNA Methylation in Epileptic Rat Model and Human Patients.

Synaptic protein shanks (SH3 and multiple ankyrin repeat domains protein, Shank) have emerged as an important mediator of synaptic remodeling. Synaptic remodeling is a common pathogenic process in various neurological disorders including epilepsy. However, the expression and function of shanks gene in epileptogenesis has not been investigated to date.

Effects of supplemental dietary bile acids on growth, liver function and immunity of juvenile largemouth bass（Micropterus salmoides）fed high-starch diet.

The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of bile acids (BAs) on the growth, liver function and immunity of the largemouth bass fed high-starch diet. The experiment set three isonitrogenous and isoenergetic semi-purified diets, LS: low-starch diet (5%), HS: high-starch diet (19%) and SB: high-starch diet with BAs (350 mg/kg diet). An 8-week feeding trial was conducted in largemouth bass of initial weight 23.