The Discovery of Weddellamycin, a Tricyclic Polyene Macrolactam Antibiotic from an Antarctic Deep-Sea-Derived sp. DSS69, by Heterologous Expression.

Polyene macrolactams are a special group of natural products with great diversity, unique structural features, and a wide range of biological activities. Herein, a cryptic gene cluster for the biosynthesis of putative macrolactams was disclosed from a sponge-associated bacterium, sp. DSS69, by genome mining.

Comparative Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal the Regulatory Effect and Mechanism of Tea Extracts on the Biosynthesis of Pigments.

pigments (MPs) are natural edible pigments with high safety and strong function, which have been widely used in food and health products. In this study, different types of tea extracts (rich in polyphenols) were used to regulate the biosynthesis of MPs. The results showed that 15% ethanol extract of pu-erh tea (T11) could significantly increase MPs production in liquid fermentation of M3.

Case Report: Prenatal Diagnosis for a Rett Syndrome Family Caused by a Novel Deletion With Heteroduplexes of PCR Product.

Rett syndrome is an X-linked dominant, postnatal neurological disorder. Approximately 80-90% of classic Rett syndrome patients harbor mutations in the coding region of . Somatic or germline mosaicism is not rare, and paternal germline mosaicism occurs in especially high proportions.

Engineering the Erythromycin-Producing Strain HOE107 for the Heterologous Production of Polyketide Antibiotics.

Bacteria of the genus produce important polyketide antibiotics, including erythromycin A () and spinosad (). We herein report the development of an industrial erythromycin-producing strain, . HOE107, into a host for the heterologous expression of polyketide biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) from other species and related actinomycetes.

Functional Genome Mining Reveals a Class V Lanthipeptide Containing a d-Amino Acid Introduced by an F H -Dependent Reductase.

Lantibiotics are a type of ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (termed lanthipeptides) with often potent antimicrobial activity. Herein, we report the discovery of a new lantibiotic, lexapeptide, using the library expression analysis system (LEXAS) approach. Lexapeptide has rare structural modifications, including N-terminal (N,N)-dimethyl phenylalanine, C-terminal (2-aminovinyl)-3-methyl-cysteine, and d-Ala.

Comparative transcriptomic analysis reveals the regulatory effects of inorganic nitrogen on the biosynthesis of pigments and citrinin.

spp. and its secondary metabolites have been widely applied in foods and medicines for thousands of years in eastern Asia. Nitrogen sources are essential nutrients for the growth and metabolism of spp.

Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities of Grifola frondosa polysaccharides and their relationships with the modulation of intestinal microflora in diabetic mice induced by high-fat diet and streptozotocin.

This study aimed to investigate the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities of polysaccharides from Grifola frondosa (GFP) in diabetic mice induced by high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ). Results showed that oral administration of GFP markedly reduced the serum levels of fasting blood glucose (FBG), oral glucose tolerance (OGT), cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and significantly decreased the hepatic levels of TC, TG and free fatty acids (FFA). Meanwhile, high-dose of GFP supplementation (900 mg/kg day) also showed powerful effects on moderating the composition of intestinal microflora in diabetic mice, especially altering the functionally relevant intestinal microbial phylotypes.

Microbial communities and volatile metabolites in different traditional fermentation starters used for Hong Qu glutinous rice wine.

Hong Qu glutinous rice wine (HQGRW), as one of the most typical representatives of Chinese rice wine, is generally brewed from glutinous rice by adding two traditional wine fermentation starters-Hong Qu (HQ) and Bai Qu (BQ). The objective of this study was to determine the microbial communities and volatile metabolites of different traditional fermentation starters for HQGRW, and elucidate the potential correlation between microbiota and volatile metabolites. Both heatmap and principal component analysis (PCA) revealed the significant variances in volatile profiles among different wine starters.

Preparation of a novel Grifola frondosa polysaccharide-chromium (III) complex and its hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities in high fat diet and streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.

Polysaccharide from Grifola frondosa is one of the best metal-ion chelating agents because of its structural characteristics and excellent functional activities. In this study, we synthesized and characterized a novel Grifola frondosa polysaccharide-chromium (III) [GFP-Cr(III)] complex. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the reaction conditions for the maximum chelation rate of GFP-Cr(III) complex.

Monascus yellow, red and orange pigments from red yeast rice ameliorate lipid metabolic disorders and gut microbiota dysbiosis in Wistar rats fed on a high-fat diet.

This study aimed to compare the hypolipidaemic activities of different Monascus pigments (yellow, red and orange pigments) and elucidate their possible regulatory mechanisms on lipid and cholesterol metabolism in rats fed on a high-fat diet (HFD). Results showed that oral administrations of Monascus yellow, red and orange pigments can markedly alleviate the disturbance of lipid metabolism through ameliorating the serum lipid levels and suppressing hepatic lipid accumulation and steatosis. Meanwhile, the excretion of fecal cholesterol, triacylglycerols and bile acids was also promoted by the oral administrations of different Monascus pigments (MPs).

Exploring core functional microbiota responsible for the production of volatile flavour during the traditional brewing of Wuyi Hong Qu glutinous rice wine.

The objective of this study was to explore the core functional microbiota for the production of volatile flavour during the traditional brewing of Wuyi Hong Qu glutinous rice wine, one of the most typical representatives of rice wine in China. Microbiological analysis based on high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technology demonstrated that bacteria of Lactobacillus, Bacillus, Leuconostoc, Lactococcus, Raoultella, Staphylococcus, Pediococcus, and Weissella, and fungi of Saccharomyces, Saccharomycopsis, Rhizopus, Monascus, Pichia, Wickerhamomyces, Candida, and Aspergillus were the predominant genera during the traditional fermentation process. Principal component analysis (PCA) based on the relative abundance showed that both of bacterial and fungal communities varied significantly in different fermentation phases.

The regulation mechanisms of soluble starch and glycerol for production of azaphilone pigments in Monascus purpureus FAFU618 as revealed by comparative proteomic and transcriptional analyses.

Monascus spp. have been used for thousands of years as a traditional food additive in China. This mold can produce many different types of commercially valuable secondary metabolites of biological activity.

Highly efficient one-pot/one-step synthesis of multiblock copolymers from three-component polymerization of carbon dioxide, epoxide and lactone.

It is a long-standing challenge to combine mixed monomers into multiblock copolymer (MBC) in a one-pot/one-step polymerization manner. We report the first example of MBC with biodegradable polycarbonate and polyester blocks that were synthesized from highly efficient one-pot/one-step polymerization of cyclohexene oxide (CHO), CO and ε-caprolactone (ε-CL) in the presence of zinc-cobalt double metal cyanide complex and stannous octoate. In this protocol, two cross-chain exchange reactions (CCER) occurred at dual catalysts respectively and connected two independent chain propagation procedures (, polycarbonate formation and polyester formation) simultaneously in a manner, affording MBC without tapering structure.