High-Entropy Ceramic Aerogel with Ultrahigh Thermomechanical Properties.

Materials for extreme-condition thermal insulation need to simultaneously withstand complex thermomechanical stresses while retaining their insulating properties at high temperatures. Ceramic aerogels are attractive candidates, but conventional low-entropy ceramics usually suffer from formidable grain growth with severe volume shrinkage and strength degradation, resulting in catastrophic failures. Herein, a high-entropy (LaSmGdY)ZrO (ZLSGY) aerogel is made through an element-phase design, realizing enhanced lattice distortion and sluggish diffusion effects to achieve fine-grain strengthening under extreme conditions.

Not all emotional expressions facilitate recognition of other-race faces in Chinese infants.

Previous research has shown that the addition of happy or angry expressions to other-race faces can assist infants in overcoming the perceptual narrowing of face race and reinstating their recognition of other-race faces. In the present study, we examined how different facial expressions (happy, angry, fearful, and neutral) influence the recognition of African faces among Chinese infants aged 8 to 12 months. We employed a visual familiarization task and measured infants' looking time.

C-reactive protein to albumin ratio and Glasgow Coma Scale score as the predictors for weaning outcomes in traumatic brain injury.

Objective: To identify the prognostic value of C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CRP/ALB, CAR) and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score in the weaning outcomes of mechanical ventilation (MV) in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Methods: Medical records of patients with TBI who were hospitalized at The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University between January 2018 and September 2023 were collected and analysed. The patients were divided into the weaning success group and the weaning failure group.

Profile of gene defects in human genetic diseases: 46,XY disorders of sex development.

The RNA helicase gene is involved in ribosomal biological processes, and linked to human genetic diseases associated with 46,XY disorders of sex development (46,XY DSD) or neurodevelopment. Recently, relevant reports have primarily focused on 46,XY DSD. However, there is still a lack of overall understanding of the genetic characteristics, phenotype, etc.

5-hydroxymethylfurfural attenuates osteoarthritis by upregulating of glucose metabolism in chondrocytes.

Introduction: 5-HMF (5-hydroxymethylfurfural), an active constituent found in Radix Rehmanniae Preparata, a widely utilized traditional Chinese medicine for osteoarthritis (OA) treatment, exhibits notable therapeutic benefits in countering the catabolic and inflammatory responses of OA chondrocytes. Despite these promising effects, the underlying mechanisms of 5-HMF's action remain elusive, thereby impeding its broader clinical application and development.

Objective: To investigate the impact of 5-HMF on the progression of OA and elucidate its underlying mechanisms.

Synergistic impact of macrolide resistance and H3N2 infection on outbreak in children.

In November 2023, there was a substantial increase in the incidence of infections in China following waves of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant and influenza outbreaks. This study aimed to elucidate the epidemiological features and clinical implications of infections in children and explore the potential influence of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants and influenza A infections on the outbreak. Among 38,668 children with lower respiratory tract infections from January to December 2023, 11,919 tested positive for , predominantly between October and December.

Collagen fibers quantification for liver fibrosis assessment using linear dichroism photoacoustic microscopy.

Liver fibrosis represents a progressive pathological condition that can culminate in severe hepatic dysfunction, potentially advancing to cirrhosis and liver cancer. The extent of liver fibrosis is intrinsically associated with the quantity of collagen fibers. Although liver biopsy and ultrasound imaging are standard diagnostic tools, their application is constrained by risks of significant complications and variability in different investigators, respectively.

Factors affecting treatment adherence among patients with hypertension based on the PRECEDE model: A cross-sectional study from a delay discounting perspective.

Background: Hypertension is a significant global public health concern, and research shows that treatment adherence plays an important role in hypertension control. This study incorporated a novel factor in behavioral economics, delay discounting, into the predisposing factors within the PRECEDE model to explore the factors influencing adherence to treatment of patients with hypertension.

Design: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Jiangsu Province, China, in 2023 and included 1,123 patients with hypertension.

Siegesbeckia orientalis ethanol extract impedes RAGE-CD11b interaction driven by HMGB1 to alleviate neutrophil-involved neuronal injury poststroke.

Background: Ischemic stroke is a life-threatening cerebrovascular disease with limited therapeutic options. During the progression of acute ischemic stroke (AIS), neutrophil-involved inflammation mediated by high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) considerably contributes to intensification of neuronal injury. Siegesbeckia orientalis L.

Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Extract Improves Growth Performance and Protects Against Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Stress to the Liver and Intestine in Weaned Hyla Rabbits.

Three experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE) on the growth performance of weaned Hyla rabbits and explore its protective effects against oxidative stress in the liver and intestine by establishing a hydrogen peroxide (HO)-induced oxidative stress model. In Exp.1, ninety-six weaned rabbits were used to evaluate the effects of dietary GSPE level on growth performance, and the results showed that a 400 mg/kg GSPE addition increased the feed conversion ratio and liver coefficient and promoted cholesterol metabolism.

SGK1-HDAC4-HMGB1 signaling pathway in the spinal cord dorsal horn participates in diabetic neuropathic pain.

Purpose: This study aimed to determine whether serum-and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase1 (SGK1) activation-dependent histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) phosphorylation, nucleocytoplasmic trafficking, and subsequent regulation of high-mobility group protein box 1 (HMGB1) expression are involved in type 2 diabetic neuropathic pain (DNP).

Methods: The type 2 diabetic neuropathic pain model was established in rats by feeding them with a high-fat and high-sugar diet for 8 weeks and then fasting them for 12 h, followed by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 35 mg/kg). SGK1 was inhibited in the spinal cord by intrathecal administration of the SGK1 inhibitor GSK-650394.

Pilot Study of Speech and Ventilation Quality of Life After Cleft Palate Repair in Chinese Patients.

Objective (s): This pilot study aimed to assess the quality of life (QoL) in Chinese patients with velopharyngeal competence (VPC) after primary cleft palate surgery or after secondary posterior pharyngeal flap (PPF) surgery.

Methods: A two-center cross-sectional study was conducted in two stomatological hospitals in China between December 2021 and December 2022. A total of 68 patients and healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study, categorized into the control group, the group of patients with VPC after primary cleft palate repair, and the group of patients with VPC after secondary PPF.

Appearance-related distress impacts psychological symptoms in Chinese patients with cleft lip.

Background: This study aimed to explore the characteristics of appearance-related distress and the relationship between appearance-related distress, anxiety and depression symptoms in Chinese patients with cleft lip (CL).

Methods: The Derriford Appearance Scale 59 (DAS-59), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) were used to screen for appearance-related distress, anxiety, and depression symptoms in Chinese patients with CL, respectively.

Results: A total of 63 patients with CL, comprising 43 unilateral and 20 bilateral cases, and 64 individuals without CL in the control group were included in the study.

Injectable iodine-containing peptide hydrogel for treatment of MRSA infection.

Iodine is widely acknowledged for its potent antimicrobial properties. However, its clinical utility is often hampered by its unsatisfactory stability, uncontrolled release of active iodine and toxicity in moist environments. In this study, we report a novel iodine-containing hydrogel (I@Nap-FFGP) designed for sustained iodine delivery under humid physiological and pathological conditions.

Assessment of patient preferences for assisted reproductive technology in China: a discrete choice experiment.

Objectives: Given China's low fertility rate, assisted reproductive technology (ART) can be used assist infertile patients in having children. This study aimed to analyse patients' preferences for ART and to determine the relative importance (RI) and willingness to pay (WTP) of key attributes.

Design: We identified six attributes of ART and used a D-efficient design to generate choice sets for conducting a discrete choice experiment.

The effects of early-life whisker deprivation on adolescent behavior in C57BL/6J mice.

Whisker deprivation at different stages of early development results in varied behavioral outcomes. However, there is a notable lack of systematic studies evaluating the specific effects of whisker deprivation from postnatal day 0 (P0) to P14 on adolescent behavioral performance in mice. To investigate these effects, C57BL/6J mice underwent whisker deprivation from P0 to P14 and were subsequently assessed at 5 weeks of age using a battery of tests: motor skills were evaluated using open field test; emotional behavior was evaluated using a series of anxiety- and depression-related behavioral tests; cognitive function was examined via novel location and object recognition tests; and social interactions were analyzed using three-chamber social interaction test.

Effects of Dietary Iron Levels on the Production Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Blood Biochemistry, and Meat and Fur Quality of Growing Rex Rabbits.

The objective of this study was to explore the effects of dietary iron (Fe) levels on the production performance, nutrient digestibility, blood biochemistry, and meat and fur quality of growing Rex rabbits. Two hundred 3-month-old Rex rabbits were randomly allocated to five groups, each with forty replicates. Rabbits were fed a basal diet supplemented with varying levels of Fe (0, 20, 40, 80, and 160 mg/kg) in the form of ferrous sulfate monohydrate.

Nanodrugs Targeting Key Factors of Ferroptosis Regulation for Enhanced Treatment of Osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a globally prevalent degenerative joint disease. Recent studies highlight the role of ferroptosis in OA progression. Targeting ferroptosis regulation presents a promising therapeutic strategy for OA; however, current research primarily focuses on single targets associated with ferroptosis.

Development of a Komagataella phaffii cell factory for sustainable production of ( +)-valencene.

Background: Sesquiterpene ( +)-valencene is a characteristic aroma component from sweet orange fruit, which has a variety of biological activities and is widely used in industrial manufacturing of food, beverage and cosmetics industries. However, at present, the content in plant sources is low, and its yield and quality would be influenced by weather and land, which limit the supply of ( +)-valencene. The rapid development of synthetic biology has accelerated the construction of microbial cell factories and provided an effective alternative method for the production of natural products.

First-Principles Study of Anionic Diffusion in Two-Dimensional Lead Halide Perovskite Lateral Heterostructures.

Perovskite heterostructures have attracted wide interest for their photovoltaic and optoelectronic applications. The interdiffusion of halide anions leads to the poor stability and shorter lifetime of the halide perovskite heterostructures. Covering organic cations on the surface of perovskite heterostructures, the diffusion of ions can effectively be suppressed.

Amphiphilic hemicyanine molecular probes crossing the blood-brain barrier for intracranial optical imaging of glioblastoma.

Intracranial optical imaging of glioblastoma (GBM) is challenging due to the scarcity of effective probes with blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and sufficient imaging depth. Herein, we describe a rational strategy for designing optical probes crossing the BBB based on an electron donor-π-acceptor system to adjust the lipid/water partition coefficient and molecular weight of probes. The amphiphilic hemicyanine dye (namely, IVTPO), which exhibits remarkable optical properties and effective BBB permeability, is chosen as an efficient fluorescence/photoacoustic probe for in vivo real-time imaging of orthotopic GBM with high resolution through the intact skull.

Stretchable wrinkle-structured liquid metal sandwich films enable strain-insensitive electromagnetic shielding and Joule heating.

Stretchable electromagnetic interference (EMI) shields with strain-insensitive EMI shielding and Joule heating performances are highly desirable to be integrated with wearable electronics. To explore the possibility of applying geometric design in elastomeric liquid metal (LM) composites and fully investigate the influence of LM geometry on stretchable EMI shielding and Joule heating, multifunctional wrinkle-structured LM/Ecoflex sandwich films with excellent stretchability are developed. The denser LM wrinkle enables not only better electrical conduction, higher shielding effectiveness (SE) and steady-state temperature, but also enhanced strain-stable far-field/near-field shielding performance and Joule-heating capability.

Relationship between physical activity and depressive symptoms in stroke survivors: a cross-sectional study of 1,140 individuals.

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between physical activity and depressive symptoms in stroke survivors.

Design: A cross-sectional study utilizing National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2018 data, employing propensity score matching to control for confounders.

Patients: 1,140 stroke survivors from NHANES, assessing depressive symptoms through the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) conducted via family interview or a mobile examination centre examination.

Assembly and analysis of the first complete mitochondrial genome sequencing of main Tea-oil Camellia cultivars Camellia drupifera (Theaceae): revealed a multi-branch mitochondrial conformation for Camellia.

Background: Tea-oil Camellia within the genus Camellia is renowned for its premium Camellia oil, often described as "Oriental olive oil". So far, only one partial mitochondrial genomes of Tea-oil Camellia have been published (no main Tea-oil Camellia cultivars), and comparative mitochondrial genomic studies of Camellia remain limited.

Results: In this study, we first reconstructed the entire mitochondrial genome of C.