Broad-spectrum capture of hundreds of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances from fluorochemical wastewater.

Hundreds of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are present in fluorochemical production effluents, and existing adsorption devices are inadequate to address this PFAS challenge given their extreme structural diversity. Here, we achieve the broad-spectrum capture of 107 PFAS from fluorochemical effluents using a treatment-train strategy that combines Zn-based electrocoagulation (EC) with anion-exchange resin (AER) beds. The "zero-carbon" adsorbent, zinc hydroxide flocs generated insitu by Zn-based EC, bulk removes PFAS with log K > 4 through a semi-micellar adsorption mechanism similar to mineral flotation and achieves adsorption capacities at the optimal level of all reported adsorbents.

DRAM1 enhances the proliferation and metastasis of gastric cancer through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and energy metabolism.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a prevalent malignant tumor of the digestive system that is often diagnosed at advanced stages owing to inconspicuous early symptoms and a lack of specific examination methods. Effective treatment of advanced stages remains challenging, emphasizing the need for new therapeutic targets. Metabolic reprogramming, a hallmark of tumors, plays a pivotal role in tumor progression, immune evasion, and immune surveillance.

Formosanin C induces autophagy-mediated cell death in hepatocellular carcinoma through activating DUSP1/AMPK/ULK1/Beclin1 signaling pathway.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for the majority of primary liver cancers and is associated with poor survival. Formosanin C (FC) is a diosgenin glycoside extracted from Paris polyphylla. Therapeutic effects of FC against HCC malignancies remain unclear.

Nontarget Analysis and Characterization of a Group of Abundant Polyfluoroalkyl Substances─Fluorinated Benzoylurea Pesticides and Their Analogues and Transformation Products in Fish by LC-HRMS and Chemical Species-Specific Algorithms.

Poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a large class of fluorinated chemicals used in various industrial and agrochemical products such as fluorinated benzoylurea (FBU) pesticides. Initiated from an incidental and preliminary finding of three high-abundance FBUs in fish, this study implemented nontarget analysis and characterization for FBUs together with their analogues and transformation products (TPs) in fish using liquid chromatography, high-resolution mass spectrometry, and chemical species-specific algorithms. A total of 23 FBU-relevant compounds were found and tentatively/accurately elucidated with structures, including 18 PFASs and 5 non-PFAS compounds, of which 4 were original FBUs, 8 were FBU analogues, and 11 were FBU-TPs.

Perceived stress mediates the longitudinal effect of sleep quality on internalizing symptoms.

Background: Numerous studies have explored the relationship between sleep quality and internalizing symptoms (i.e., depression and anxiety), but there is uncertainty about their directional pathways.

Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) induced bone loss by inhibiting FoxO1-mediated defense against oxidative stress in osteoblast.

Exposure to perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) has been associated with lower bone density and the occurrence of osteoporosis in human studies, but the effects and mechanisms of PFOS induces bone loss is not well understood. Our research is aimed at examining the effects of PFOS on osteoblastic activity and investigating the toxicological mechanisms of PFOS-induced bone loss. Cell proliferation, ALP activity, bone nodule formation, ROS levels, and cell apoptosis were assessed after treating osteoblasts with different concentrations of PFOS.

Exploring osteosarcoma based on the tumor microenvironment.

Osteosarcoma is a cancerous bone tumor that develops from mesenchymal cells and is characterized by early metastasis, easy drug resistance, high disability, and mortality. Immunological characteristics of the tumor microenvironment (TME) have attracted attention for the prognosis and treatment of osteosarcoma, and there is a need to explore a signature with high sensitivity for prognosis. In the present study, a total of 84 samples of osteosarcoma were acquired from the UCSC Xena database, analyzed for immune infiltration and classified into two categories depending on their immune properties, and then screened for DEGs between the two groups and analyzed for enrichment, with the majority of DEGs enriched in the immune domain.

Synthetic Breast Ultrasound Images: A Study to Overcome Medical Data Sharing Barriers.

The vast potential of medical big data to enhance healthcare outcomes remains underutilized due to privacy concerns, which restrict cross-center data sharing and the construction of diverse, large-scale datasets. To address this challenge, we developed a deep generative model aimed at synthesizing medical data to overcome data sharing barriers, with a focus on breast ultrasound (US) image synthesis. Specifically, we introduce CoLDiT, a conditional latent diffusion model with a transformer backbone, to generate US images of breast lesions across various Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) categories.

Regulating the dispersion of CuO over SiO surface for selective oxidation of isobutane to tert-butanol.

Controlling the highly selective oxidation of CH bonds in alkanes was still a challenge in the oxidation process, especially in oxygen atmospheres. Herein, three CuO/SiO catalysts were designed and prepared by regulating the introduction of copper species to achieve the selective oxidation of tertiary C-H of isobutane (i-CH) to tert-butanol (TBA). Under the condition of 130 °C and 1.

Corynoxine exerts the anti-tumor effect on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma principally via the EZH2-DUSP5-ERK1/2-mediated cell growth inhibition.

Background: Esophageal cancer is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors and the sixth largest cause of tumor-associated death worldwide. Squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) accounts for 85 % of all esophageal cancer cases. ESCC treatment remains to be significantly difficult.

Clinical Outcomes of Diabetes Mellitus on Moderately Severe Acute Pancreatitis and Severe Acute Pancreatitis.

Objective: To analyze the influence of diabetes mellitus on the clinical outcomes of moderately severe acute pancreatitis (MSAP) and severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).

Methods: This retrospective study included patients diagnosed with MSAP and SAP at Shanxi Bethune Hospital from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2021. Clinical data were collected, including patient demographics, 24-hour laboratory indicators, and inflammation indices.

The unique distribution pattern of PFAS in landfill organics.

PFAS from degrading landfill waste partition into organic matter, leachate, and landfill gas. Driven by the limited understanding of PFAS distribution in landfill organics, we analyzed PFAS across various depths and seven spatially distinct locations within a municipal landfill. The measured PFAS concentrations in organics ranged from 6.

Development and validation of a nomogram combining pain score with laboratory indicators for predicting persistent organ failure in acute pancreatitis: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory disease that can lead to persistent organ failure (POF), which is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Early prediction of POF in AP can significantly improve patient outcomes.

Objective: To develop and validate a nomogram that combines pain score with laboratory indicators for predicting POF in patients with AP.

Halogenated retinoid derivatives as dual RARα and RXRα modulators for treating acute promyelocytic leukemia cells.

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), a distinctive subtype of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), is characterized by the t(15; 17) translocation forming the PML-RARα fusion protein. Recent studies have revealed a crucial role of retinoid X receptor α (RXRα) in PML-RARα's tumorigenesis. This necessitates the development of dual RARα and RXRα targeting compounds for treating APL.

Harnessing Large Language Models for Structured Reporting in Breast Ultrasound: A Comparative Study of Open AI (GPT-4.0) and Microsoft Bing (GPT-4).

Objectives: To assess the capabilities of large language models (LLMs), including Open AI (GPT-4.0) and Microsoft Bing (GPT-4), in generating structured reports, the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) categories, and management recommendations from free-text breast ultrasound reports.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective study, 100 free-text breast ultrasound reports from patients who underwent surgery between January and May 2023 were gathered.

Far-UVC 222 nm Treatment: Effects of Nitrate/Nitrite on Disinfection Byproduct Formation Potential.

Irradiation at far ultraviolet C (far-UVC) 222 nm by krypton chloride (KrCl*) excilamps can enhance microbial disinfection and micropollutant photolysis/oxidation. However, nitrate/nitrite, which absorbs strongly at 222 nm, may affect the formation of disinfection byproducts (DBPs). Herein, we evaluated model organic matter and real water samples and observed a substantial increase in the formation potential for trichloronitromethane (chloropicrin) (TCNM-FP), a nitrogenous DBP, by nitrate or nitrite after irradiation at 222 nm.

Psychometric properties of the ultra-brief self-report Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) to assess anxiety and depression in Arabic-speaking adults.

Background: Anxiety and depression are psychiatric disorders that often coexist and share some features. Developing a simple and cost-effective tool to assess anxiety and depression in the Arabic-speaking population, predominantly residing in low- and middle-income nations where research can be arduous, would be immensely beneficial. The study aimed to translate the four-item composite Patient Health Questionnaire - 4 (PHQ-4) into Arabic and evaluate its psychometric properties, including internal reliability, sex invariance, composite reliability, and correlation with measures of psychological distress.

A longitudinal examination of the measurement properties and invariance of the Sleep Condition Indicator in Chinese healthcare students.

Background: The Sleep Condition Indicator (SCI), an insomnia measurement tool based on the updated Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) criteria with sound psychometric properties when applied in various populations, was evaluated here among healthcare students longitudinally, to demonstrate its measurement properties and invariance in this particularly high-risk population.

Methods: Healthcare students of a Chinese university were recruited into this two-wave longitudinal study, completing the simplified Chinese version of the SCI (SCI-SC), Chinese Regularity, Satisfaction, Alertness, Timing, Efficiency, Duration (RU_SATED-C) scale, Chinese Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4-C), and sociodemographic variables questionnaire (Q-SV) between September and November 2022. Structural validity, measurement invariance (MI), convergent and discriminant validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability of the SCI-SC were examined.

Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of the Selective and Orally Active LSD1 Inhibitor with the Potential of Treating Heart Failure.

LSD1 has become an appealing target for the development of new pharmacologic agents to treat cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure. Herein, we reported the design, synthesis, and structure-activity relationship of a series of TCP-based derivatives targeting LSD1. Docking studies were employed to successfully elucidate the SAR.

Clinical study of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio in hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis and acute biliary pancreatitis with persistent organ failure.

Background: The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) are novel inflammatory indicators that can be used to predict the severity and prognosis of various diseases. We categorize acute pancreatitis by etiology into acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP) and hypertriglyceridemia-induced acute pancreatitis (HTGP).

Aim: To investigate the clinical significance of NLR and PLR in assessing persistent organ failure (POF) in HTGP and ABP.

Experimental Study of Mechanical Properties and Theoretical Models for Recycled Fine and Coarse Aggregate Concrete with Steel Fibers.

With diminishing natural aggregate resources and increasing environmental protection efforts, the use of recycled fine aggregate is a more sustainable approach, although challenges persist in achieving comparable mechanical properties. Exploration into the incorporation of steel fibers with recycled aggregate has led to the development of steel-fiber-reinforced recycled aggregate concrete. This study investigates the shrinkage performance and compressive constitutive relationship of steel fiber recycled concrete with different steel fibers and recycled aggregate dosages.

Discovery and genetic characterization of novel paramyxoviruses from small mammals in Hubei Province, Central China.

Paramyxoviruses are a group of single-stranded, negative-sense RNA viruses, some of which are responsible for acute human disease, including parainfluenza virus, measles virus, Nipah virus and Hendra virus. In recent years, a large number of novel paramyxoviruses, particularly members of the genus , have been discovered in wild mammals, suggesting that the diversity of paramyxoviruses may be underestimated. Here we used hemi-nested reverse transcription PCR to obtain 190 paramyxovirus sequences from 969 small mammals in Hubei Province, Central China.