Distinct roles of A1/A2 astrocytes in blood-brain barrier injury following cerebral I/R via the ROCK/NF-κB and STAT3 pathways.

Astrocytes may fail to perform their neuroprotective roles against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury due to phenotypic transformation. We aimed to demonstrate the distinct roles of A1 astrocytes and A2 astrocytes on the blood-brain barrier (BBB) injury following cerebral I/R, and explore whether HS-mediated A2 astrocytes polarization protects against BBB injury via inhibiting ROCK/NF-κB pathway. The mice cerebral I/R model and the oxygen-glucose deprivation/re‑oxygenation (OGD/R) model of astrocytes were used in present study.

The OsNL1-OsTOPLESS2-OsMOC1/3 pathway regulates high-order tiller outgrowth in rice.

Tiller is an important factor in determining rice yield. Currently, researches mainly focus on the outgrowth of low-order tiller (LOT), while the regulation mechanism of high-order tiller (HOT) outgrowth has remained unknown. In this study, we detected one OsNL1 mutant, nl1, exhibiting HOT numbers increase, and found that OsNL1 interacts with OsTOPLESS2, which was mediated by the core motif of nine amino acids VDCTLSLGT within the HAN domain of OsNL1.

The DENSE AND ERECT PANICLE1-GRAIN NUMBER ASSOCIATED module enhances rice yield by repressing CYTOKININ OXIDASE 2 expression.

The phytohormone cytokinin (CK) positively regulates the activity of the inflorescence meristem (IM). Cytokinin oxidase 2/Grain number 1a (OsCKX2/Gn1a)-mediated degradation of CK in rice (Oryza sativa L.) negatively regulates panicle grain number, whereas DENSE AND ERECT PANICLE 1 (DEP1) positively regulates grain number per panicle (GNP).

Electronically Reconfigurable Memristive Neuron Capable of Operating in Both Excitation and Inhibition Modes.

Threshold switching (TS) memristors are promising candidates for artificial neurons in neuromorphic systems. However, they often lack biological plausibility, typically functioning solely in an excitation mode. The absence of an inhibitory mode limits neurons' ability to synergistically process both excitatory and inhibitory synaptic signals.

Biomechanical Effect of Different Posterior Fixation Techniques on Stability and Adjacent Segment Degeneration in Treating Thoracolumbar Burst Fracture With Osteoporosis: A Finite Element Analysis.

Study Design: Finite element analysis.

Objective: To investigate the biomechanical effect of four posterior fixation techniques on stability and adjacent segment degeneration in treating thoracolumbar burst fractures with osteoporosis.

Summary Of Background Data: In terms of stability and adjacent segment degeneration, there remains no consensus or guidelines on the optimal technique for the treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures in patients with osteoporosis.

Nomogram for predicting venous thromboembolism after spinal surgery.

Purpose: This study aimed to establish a nomogram to predict the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), identifying potential risk factors, and providing theoretical basis for prevention of VTE after spinal surgery.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 2754 patients who underwent spinal surgery. The general characteristics of the training group were initially screened using univariate logistic analysis, and the LASSO method was used for optimal prediction.

Dual-Nozzle 3D Printed Nano-Hydroxyapatite Scaffold Loaded with Vancomycin Sustained-Release Microspheres for Enhancing Bone Regeneration.

Background: Successful treatment of infectious bone defect remains a major challenge in the orthopaedic field. At present, the conventional treatment for infectious bone defects is surgical debridement and long-term systemic antibiotic use. It is necessary to develop a new strategy to achieve effective bone regeneration and local anti-infection for infectious bone defects.

Retropharyngeal Reduction Plate for Atlantoaxial Dislocation: A Cadaveric Test and Morphometric Trajectory Analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the placement feasibility and safety of the newly designed retropharyngeal reduction plate by cadaveric test and to perform morphometric trajectory analysis.

Methods: The five cadaveric specimens with intact atlantoaxial joint were enrolled in this study. They were used for simulating the placement process and evaluating the placement feasibility of the retropharyngeal reduction plate.

Ageing as key factor for distant metastasis patterns and prognosis in patients with extensive-stage Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) represents about 13% of lung cancer cases, which is highly invasive and has a high mortality rate, with the 5-year overall survival (OS) rate being only 6.3%. Age at diagnosis of advanced SCLC is much older, but studies describing the ageing factor for distant metastasis patterns and prognosis of extensive-stage SCLC (ES-SCLC) are limited.

Clinical features of COVID-19 convalescent patients with re-positive nucleic acid detection.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a pandemic that has rapidly spread worldwide. Increasingly, confirmed patients being discharged according to the current diagnosis and treatment protocols, follow-up of convalescent patients is important to knowing about the outcome.

Methods: A retrospective study was performed among 98 convalescent patients with COVID-19 in a single medical center.

[Effect of low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields on activity of rat calvarial osteoblasts through IGF-1R/NO signaling pathway].

Objective: To investigate the effect of low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) on the maturation and mineralization of rat cranial osteoblasts and its relation to IGF-1R/NO signaling pathway.

Methods: The rat osteoblasts were isolated and cultured and randomly divided into blank control group, PEMF group, GSK group (IGF-1R blocker) and PEMF+GSK group. The cells were treated with 50 Hz 0.

[Preventive effect and mechanism of puerarin on rat models of disuse osteoporosis].

To investigate the preventive effect and possible mechanism of puerarin(Pur) in rat model of disuse osteoporosis(DOP),thirty healthy Wistar female rats of 2 months old were randomly divided into control group(Control), hindlimb suspension group(HLS), and puerarin group(HLS+Pur) in hindlimb suspension, with 10 rats in each group. A disuse osteoporosis model was established by tail suspension method, and 15.4 mg·kg~(-1) puerarin suspension was administered to HLS+Pur group every day, and the same volume of distilled water was administered to Control group and HLS group respectively.

Sinusoidal Electromagnetic Fields Increase Peak Bone Mass in Rats by Activating Wnt10b/β-Catenin in Primary Cilia of Osteoblasts.

Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields have been considered a potential candidate for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis; however, their action mechanism and optimal magnetic flux density (intensity) parameter are still elusive. The present study found that 50-Hz sinusoidal electromagnetic fields (SEMFs) at 1.8 mT increased the peak bone mass of young rats by increasing bone formation.