Global, Regional, and National Disease Burden and Prediction Analysis of Colorectal Cancer Attributable to Tobacco, Alcohol, and Obesity From 1990 to 2030.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks among the highest in incidence and mortality rates globally. A significant portion of Colorectal cancer cases and deaths can be attributed to modifiable risk factors, with smoking, alcohol use, and high body mass index (BMI) being the three most prominent. However, the impact of these risk factors on Colorectal cancer across regions, genders, and age groups remains insufficiently characterized.

Evaluation of a novel ensemble model for preoperative ovarian cancer diagnosis: Clinical factors, O-RADS, and deep learning radiomics.

Background: Accurate early diagnosis of ovarian cancer is crucial. The objective of this research is to create a comprehensive model that merges clinical variables, O-RADS, and deep learning radiomics to support preoperative diagnosis and assess its efficacy for sonographers.

Materials And Methods: Data from two centers were used: Center 1 for training and internal validation, and Center 2 for external validation.

Harnessing Transfer Deep Learning Framework for the Investigation of Transition Metal Perovskite Oxides with Advanced p-n Transformation Sensing Performance.

Gas sensing materials based on transition metal perovskite oxides (TMPOs) have garnered extensive attention across various fields such as air quality control, environmental monitoring, healthcare, and national defense security. To overcome challenges encountered in traditional research, a deep learning framework combining natural language processing technology (Word2Vec) and crystal graph convolutional neural network (CGCNN) was adopted in this study, proposing a predictive method that incorporates a comprehensive data set consisting of 1.2 million literature abstracts and 110,000 crystal structure data entries.

A pathway study of factors influencing anxiety in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus.

Background: This study aims to assess anxiety severity among patients with and to elucidate the predominant psychological factors, informing the development of targeted anxiety management strategies.

Methods: The cross-sectional study recruited 421 GDM patients via convenience sampling from Guangdong Province, China. Self-administered questionnaires, including the Pregnancy-related Anxiety Scale, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, Type D Personality Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale, and General Self-Efficacy Scale, were utilized to gather data.

Improving the Hydrogenation Performance of Nano-Catalysts by Constructing a Cavity-Constrained Fluidized System.

Nano-catalysts demonstrate exceptional performance in heterogeneous reactions, yet their potential is often underutilized due to a lack of attention to engineering design. In this study, an innovative encapsulated structure is presented for nano-catalysts and a corresponding catalytic system. Using an oil-in-water droplet strategy, millimeter-sized hollow spherical alumina (AlO-HS) is fabricated with an average diameter of ≈3 mm and a hollow void size of ≈1 mm.

In Situ Synthesis of Chemically Stable Hybrid Co-Networks of Poly(thioctic Acid) with Fe via Controlled/Living Cationic Ring-Opening Polymerization.

The novel chemically stable hybrid co-networks (PTA-Fe) of poly(thioctic acid) coordinated with molar content (C) of 1%∼12% Fe generated from [FeCl·POH] can be in situ synthesized via controlled/living cationic ring-opening polymerization of α-thioctic acid (TA) with tert-butyl chloride(BCl)/FeCl/isopropanol(POH) initiating system at 0 °C. The polymerizations are all in first order with respect to monomer, initiator and co-initiator. The resulting PTAs with desired molecular weights and relatively narrow unimodal molecular weight distribution can be obtained via quantitative initiation by changing [BCl].

A wash-free AIE fluorescent probe for monitoring lipid droplets and identifying tumors.

The abnormal size and number of lipid droplets (LDs) are closely associated with a variety of diseases, including metabolic syndrome related diseases, liver disease and tumors. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a fluorescent probe that can monitor the abnormal state of LDs. In this study, we designed and synthesized four compounds (namely TCO1, TCO2, TCN1 and TCN2) using coumarin derivatives as the fundamental building blocks.

The scaffold protein RACK1 regulates root growth and gravitropic response by recruiting PINOID to phosphorylate the auxin efflux transporter PIN-FORMED2.

The scaffolding protein RACK1 is involved in polar auxin transport and signaling. It binds to PINOID and PIN-FORMED2, enhancing their interaction and phosphorylation-dependent auxin efflux. Knocking down RACK1 genes impairs auxin-related processes such as root growth and gravitropic response.

Olfactory mucosa-mesenchymal stem cells with overexpressed Nrf2 modulate angiogenesis and exert anti-inflammation effect in an in vitro traumatic brain injury model.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of disability and mortality among children and adults in developed countries. Transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2) has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects and is closely related to TBI. Olfactory mucosa-mesenchymal stem cells (OM-MSCs) could promote neural regeneration.

Effective removal of strontium from wastewater using Co-doped layered sodium vanadosilicate.

The effective removal of strontium (Sr) from radioactive wastewater is essential for human health and ecological sustainability. However, due to the existence of a large number of coexisting ions, the selective removal of Sr from it remains a significant challenge. Herein, three novel metal-doped sodium vanadosilicates were developed by structural regulation.

A c-type lectin with dual function of immunology and mineralization from the freshwater oyster ( Lea).

Background: Shell and pearl formation in bivalves is a sophisticated biomineralization process that encompasses immunological and mineralization aspects, particularly during shell repair and the initial stages of pearl cultivation when a nucleus is inserted. Here, we describe a novel C-type lectin, HcLec1, isolated and characterized from the freshwater pearl mussel Lea.

Methods: Immune challenge, RNA interference (RNAi) experiments, ELISA, and antibacterial assays were employed to investigate the role of HcLec1 in innate immunity.

Pathological and Molecular Characterization of Grass Carp Co-Infected with Two Species.

The grass carp () is highly susceptible to infections caused by species, particularly and . However, the immunological mechanisms underlying co-infection by these pathogens remain largely uncharted. This study investigated the pathogenesis and host immune response in grass carp following concurrent infection with and .

Elucidating the degradation mechanism of beef myofibrillar proteins under hydroxyl radical oxidation through the lens of cysteine oxidation modifications.

The study aimed to assess the oxidative modification behavior of bovine myofibrillar proteins (MPs) cysteines (Cys) by hydroxyl radical (·OH) through the construction of an in vitr Fenton reaction system. The ·OH generated by the Fenton reaction induced large-scale oxidative modification of Cys, and redox proteomics identified a total of 1192 differential oxidation sites (Dos), 59 Dos were located in the MPs structure. The Cys of actin (17 Dos), myosin/myomesin (16 Dos), tenascin (12 Dos) and sarcomere (10 Dos) in the MPs structure showed active oxidative modification behavior towards ·OH, especially with the "-C-X-X-X-X-W-" structure amino acid sequence showed high sensitivity.

Design and Evaluation of Novel Selective BET BD2 Inhibitors by Combining QSAR, Molecular Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulation Techniques.

Bromodomain and extra terminal domain (BET) proteins play important roles in biological processes, such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and signaling, and are involved in the occurrence and development of many diseases, including cancer and inflammatory diseases. Selective inhibitors targeting the first bromodomain (BD1) or the second bromodomain (BD2) have triggered a new wave of research to produce more specific and safer drugs. In this study, 37 novel selective BET BD2 inhibitors with anti-inflammatory activity are selected to construct robust Topomer CoMFA (q = 0.

Exploring the impact of built environment on traffic risk perception of school-aged children: A case study of old residential neighborhoods in Changsha City, Hunan Province, China.

The built environment of old residential neighborhoods poses heightened perceived traffic risks for school-aged children due to their limited cognitive ability to assess hazards, underdeveloped understanding of traffic patterns, and inadequate infrastructure in these areas. However, studies on the impacts of neighborhood environments on children's traffic risk perceptions remain limited. This study aims to reveal the influence of individual attributes, as well as macro- and micro-level environmental factors, on children's risk perception using a hierarchical ordered logit model with random effects.

Multi-scale urban ecosystem service changes and their impact mechanisms on human well-being.

With increasing urbanization pressures, there is an urgent need to improve the urban residents' well-being and achieve the sustainable development goals (SDGs). Ecosystem services (ESs) are vital for human well-being (HW) and survival, providing essential benefits like clean water while supporting the SDGs. However, understanding the impact mechanism of urban ESs on the HW under the framework of the SGDs in a changing world remains challenging.

Emerging role of exosomes in cancer therapy: progress and challenges.

This review highlights recent progress in exosome-based drug delivery for cancer therapy, covering exosome biogenesis, cargo selection mechanisms, and their application across multiple cancer types. As small extracellular vesicles, exosomes exhibit high biocompatibility and low immunogenicity, making them ideal drug delivery vehicles capable of efficiently targeting cancer cells, minimizing off-target damage and side effects. This review aims to explore the potential of exosomes in cancer therapy, with a focus on applications in chemotherapy, gene therapy, and immunomodulation.

LncRNA SERPINB9P1 Mitigates Cerebral Injury Induced by Oxygen‒Glucose Deprivation/Reoxygenation by Interacting with HSPA2.

Dysregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is implicated in the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke (IS). However, the molecular mechanism of the lncRNA SERPINB9P1 in IS remains unclear. Our study aimed to explore the role and molecular mechanism of the lncRNA SERPINB9P1 in IS.

Atomistic Study on the Mechanical Properties of HOP-Graphene Under Variable Strain, Temperature, and Defect Conditions.

HOP-graphene is a graphene structural derivative consisting of 5-, 6-, and 8-membered carbon rings with distinctive electrical properties. This paper presents a systematic investigation of the effects of varying sizes, strain rates, temperatures, and defects on the mechanical properties of HOP-graphene, utilizing molecular dynamics simulations. The results revealed that Young's modulus of HOP-graphene in the armchair direction is 21.

Gamma delta T cells in cancer therapy: from tumor recognition to novel treatments.

Traditional immunotherapies mainly focus on αβ T cell-based strategies, which depend on MHC-mediated antigen recognition. However, this approach poses significant challenges in treating recurrent tumors, as immune escape mechanisms are widespread. γδ T cells, with their ability for MHC-independent antigen presentation, offer a promising alternative that could potentially overcome limitations observed in traditional immunotherapies.

Deciphering the Role of SLFN12: A Novel Biomarker for Predicting Immunotherapy Outcomes in Glioma Patients Through Artificial Intelligence.

Gliomas are the most prevalent form of primary brain tumours. Recently, targeting the PD-1 pathway with immunotherapies has shown promise as a novel glioma treatment. However, not all patients experience long-lasting benefits, underscoring the necessity to discover reliable biomarkers for predicting treatment outcomes.

Lc-ms-based untargeted metabolomics reveals potential mechanisms of histologic chronic inflammation promoting prostate hyperplasia.

Background: Chronic prostatitis may be a risk factor for developing proliferative changes in the prostate, although the underlying mechanisms are not entirely comprehended.

Materials And Methods: Fifty individual prostate tissues were examined in this study, consisting of 25 patients diagnosed with prostatic hyperplasia combined with histologic chronic inflammation and 25 patients diagnosed with prostatic hyperplasia alone. We employed UPLC-Q-TOF-MS-based untargeted metabolomics using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry to identify differential metabolites that can reveal the mechanisms that underlie the promotion of prostate hyperplasia by histologic chronic inflammation.

A non-synonymous variant of C21R in the gene is significantly associated with brown eggshell color of Lueyang black-boned chicken.

Eggshell colors have a significant effect on sale of eggs. The aim of this study is to identify sequence variants associated with color variation of chicken brown eggs in the , a protoporphyrin transport-related gene. Three successive eggs were collected from each of 381 Lueyang black-boned hens at the 31 weeks old.

High-nitrogen-content energetic BN ( = 4-16) clusters.

Nitrogen-rich materials have attracted considerable attention in recent years as potential high-energy-density materials (HEDMs). However, their metastability poses substantial challenges for synthesis under ambient conditions. Here, we employ a novel strategy to explore energetic and structural features of the nitrogen-rich BN ( = 4-16) clusters by doping with the light non-metal boron.