Octyl succinic anhydride-modified chitosan/oxidized sodium alginate Schiff base hydrogel loaded with terbinafine hydrochloride: pH-responsive, self-repairing, antifungal properties.

The application of hydrogels to drug delivery limited by the difficulty of encapsulating hydrophobic drugs; therefore, the development of novel composite hydrogels for the delivery of hydrophobic drugs is urgently needed. In this study, terbinafine hydrochloride/hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes (TFH/HP-β-CD ICs) were added to a Schiff base hydrogel matrix containing octenyl succinic anhydride-modified chitosan (OSA-CS) and sodium alginate (OIA) to prepare a TFH composite hydrogel (TFH GEL). The results revealed that the solubility of TFH in water within TFH/HP-β-CD IC reached 32.

Multi-group structure analysis and molecular docking of aptamers and small molecules: A case study of chloramphenicol.

Aptamers, a kind of short nucleotide sequences with high specificity and affinity with targets, have attracted extensive attention in recent years. Molecular docking method (MDM) is the most common method to explore the binding mode and recognition mechanism of aptamers and small molecules, which generally use the target to dock with the highest scoring tertiary structural model of the aptamer, and the highest scoring result is used as the predicted model. However, this prediction results may miss out the true interaction pattern due to the fact that aptamers are not completely rigid and the natural aptamers conformations are not in a single state.

4-Hydroxychalcone attenuates AngII-induced cardiac remodeling and dysfunction via regulating PI3K/AKT pathway.

Cardiac remodeling encompasses structural alterations such as hypertrophy, fibrosis, and dilatation, alongside numerous cellular and molecular functional aberrations, constituting a pivotal process in the advancement of heart failure (HF). 4-Hydroxychalcone (4-HCH) is a class of naturally occurring compounds with variable phenolic structures, and has demonstrated the preventive efficacy in hyperaldosteronism, inflammation and renal injury. However, the role of 4-HCH in the regulation of cardiac remodeling remains uncertain.

Rosmarinic acid alleviated intestinal barrier damage caused by by regulating the gut microbiota and inhibiting the NF-κB signalling pathway in mice.

() is a common zoonotic foodborne pathogen that poses a major threat to public health and economic development. Rosmarinic acid (RA) can inhibit intestinal inflammation; however, the protective effect of RA against the intestinal barrier damage induced by in mice and the underlying mechanism have not been elucidated. In this study, mice were orally administered with RA (20 mg kg) by gavage for one week and then were intraperitoneally challenged with .

β-Hydroxybutyrate and Citrate Synthase as Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers in Aging-Related Atrial Fibrillation.

The incidence of atrial fibrillation (AF) increases with age; however, the precise mechanisms by which aging elevates AF risk and the effective biomarkers for managing AF in elderly patients remain unclear. We analyzed plasma samples from 100 elderly AF patients, 100 young and 100 elderly patients without atrial fibrillation (NAF), along with left atrial tissues obtained from both AF and NAF patients following valve replacement. Our findings indicate reduced levels of β-OHB and citrate synthase (CS) activity in elderly AF patients compared to their NAF counterparts.

Rosmarinic Acid Attenuates -Induced Inflammation via Regulating TLR9/NF-κB Signaling Pathway and Intestinal Microbiota.

() infection disrupts the homeostasis of the intestinal microbiota, causing an intestinal inflammatory response and posing a great threat to human and animal health. The unreasonable use of antibiotics has led to an increase in the prevalence of drug-resistant , increasing the difficulty of controlling . Therefore, new drug strategies and research are urgently needed to control .

Bovine Neutrophil β-Defensin-5 Provides Protection against Multidrug-Resistant via Regulating Pulmonary Inflammatory Response and Metabolic Response.

(), a kind of zoonotic bacteria, is among the most common antibiotic-resistant pathogens, and it causes nosocomial infections that pose a threat to public health. In this study, the roles of synthetic bovine neutrophil β-defensin-5 (B5) in regulating inflammatory response and metabolic response against multidrug-resistant infection in a mouse model were investigated. Mice were administrated intranasally with 20 μg of B5 twice and challenged with three days after B5 pretreatment.

Compound Extract Inhibits -Induced Intestinal Inflammatory Response and Injury in Broiler Chickens by Modulating NLRP3 Inflammasome Signaling.

() is a critical disease affecting broiler health, with as its primary pathogen. compound extract (PHCE), formulated based on traditional Chinese veterinary principles, contains primarily flavonoids with antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. However, PHCE's efficacy against -induced and its underlying mechanism remain unclear.

Gene Regulatory Mechanism of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis during Dormancy.

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by (Mtb) complex, is a zoonotic disease that remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Latent tuberculosis infection reactivation is a challenging obstacle to eradicating TB globally. Understanding the gene regulatory network of Mtb during dormancy is important.

Tris stabilized AuNPs based lateral flow immunochromatography for the simultaneous detection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus and rotavirus on-site.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and rotavirus has posed a significant threat to the pig industry annually across different nations, resulting in huge economic losses. The frequent co-infection of these two viruses in clinical settings complicates the process of differential diagnoses. Rapid and accurate detection of PEDV and rotavirus is in great demand for timely diarrhea disease prevention and control.

Characterization and pharmacokinetics of cinnamon and star anise compound essential oil pellets prepared via centrifugal granulation technology.

Cinnamon and star anise essential oils are extracted from natural plants and provide a theoretical basis for the development and clinical application of compound essential oil pellets. However, cinnamon oil and star anise oil have the characteristics of a pungent taste, extreme volatility, poor palatability, and unstable physical and chemical properties, which limit their clinical use in veterinary medicine. In this study, the inhibitory effects of cinnamon oil and star anise oil on Escherichia coli and Salmonella were measured.

Intranasal B5 promotes mucosal defence against Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae via ameliorating early immunosuppression.

(APP) is an important pathogen of the porcine respiratory disease complex, which leads to huge economic losses worldwide. We previously demonstrated that -producing bovine neutrophil β-defensin-5 (B5) could resist the infection by the bovine intracellular pathogen . In this study, the roles of synthetic B5 in regulating mucosal innate immune response and protecting against extracellular APP infection were further investigated using a mouse model.

Mogroside-rich extract from fruits protects against heat stress-induced intestinal damage by ameliorating oxidative stress and inflammation in mice.

Global warming makes humans and animals more vulnerable to heat stress. Heat stress can cause multiorgan dysfunction, especially in the intestine, primarily oxidative stress and inflammation. Mogroside-rich extract (MGE) is the active ingredient of and has significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.

Rosmarinic Acid Prevents Cisplatin-Induced Liver and Kidney Injury by Inhibiting Inflammatory Responses and Enhancing Total Antioxidant Capacity, Thereby Activating the Nrf2 Signaling Pathway.

Drug-induced liver and kidney damage is an emergent clinical issue that should be addressed. Rosmarinic acid (RA) has obvious anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, so we evaluated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of RA pretreatment on serum and liver and kidney tissues of cisplatin (CP)-treated mice and explored the possible mechanisms. The results showed that RA pretreatment effectively downregulated the serum, liver, and kidney levels of ALT, AST, BUN, and CRE and the inflammatory factors IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α, and simultaneously enhanced the total antioxidant capacity of the liver and kidney.

Preparation, Characterization and Pharmacokinetics of Tolfenamic Acid-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles.

The clinical use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is limited by their poor water solubility, unstable absorption, and low bioavailability. Solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) exhibit high biocompatibility and the ability to improve the bioavailability of drugs with low water solubility. Therefore, in this study, a tolfenamic acid solid lipid nanoparticle (TA-SLN) suspension was prepared by a hot melt-emulsification ultrasonication method to improve the sustained release and bioavailability of TA.

Evaluation of Essential Oil and Its Active Ingredients as Potential Drugs for the Treatment of Toxoplasmosis.

is a serious hazard to public health and animal husbandry. Due to the current dilemma of treatment of toxoplasmosis, it is urgent to find new anti- drugs to treat toxoplasmosis. In this study, the anti- activity of Origanum vulgare essential oil ( EO) was firstly studied, and then, carvanol (Ca), the main ingredient of EO was evaluated using the MTT assay on human foreskin fibroblast (HFF) cells .

Preparation and In Vitro/In Vivo Evaluation of Orally Disintegrating/Modified-Release Praziquantel Tablets.

This study was designed to develop orally disintegrating/sustained-release praziquantel (PZQ) tablets using the hot-melt extrusion (HME) technique and direct compression, and subsequently evaluate their release in in vitro and in vivo pharmacokinetics. For the extrusion process, hypromellose acetate succinate (HPMCAS)-LG was the carrier of pure PZQ, with a standard screw configuration used at an extrusion temperature of 140 °C and a screw rotation speed of 100 rpm. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were performed to characterize the extrudate.

Evaluation of Essential Oil on Anti- Activity.

The current methods of treating toxoplasmosis have a number of side effects, and these therapies are only effective against the acute stage of the disease. Thus, development of new low toxicity and efficient anti- drugs is extremely important. Natural products are important sources for screening new drugs; among them, essential oils (EOs) have efficacy in anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-insect, and other aspects.

Preparation, evaluation, and pharmacokinetics in beagle dogs of a taste-masked flunixin meglumine orally disintegrating tablet prepared using hot-melt extrusion technology and D-optimal mixture design.

Flunixin meglumine (FM) is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug limited by irritation of the respiratory tract and mucosa in veterinary tissue. This study aimed to develop a taste-masked FM solid dispersion (SD) by hot-melt extrusion (HME) and formulate an orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) with selected excipients by direct compression. Eudragit® E PO was chosen as the matrix, and HME parameters were optimized: extrusion temperature, 135℃; screw speed, 100 rpm; and drug loading, 20%.

Anti-parasitic Activity of Essential Oil Against .

Toxoplasmosis is a global zoonotic disease, and one-third of the human population is chronically infected by . Due to the limited effectiveness and prominent side effects of the existing drugs, there is a dire need for the discovery of new therapeutic options in the treatment of toxoplasmosis. In this study, five essential oils (EO) were screened for their anti-parasitic activity against .

Preparation, characterization, and pharmacokinetics of tilmicosin taste-masked formulation via hot-melt extrusion technology.

Tilmicosin (TMS) is a macrocyclic antibiotic specially used in veterinary clinics, but its extreme bitterness limits its use. This study aimed to obtain a taste-masked formulation of TMS by hot melt extrusion (HME) technology and to investigate the formulation's characterization, stability, and effects in vitro/in vivo. Eudragit® E PO was selected as the carrier, and TMS dissolution in artificial saliva was used as a reference.

Verbascoside Protects Mice From Clostridial Gas Gangrene by Inhibiting the Activity of Alpha Toxin and Perfringolysin O.

Gas gangrene, caused mainly by the anaerobic bacterium (), causes death within 48 h of onset. Limited therapeutic strategies are available, and it is associated with extremely high mortality. Both alpha toxin (CPA) and perfringolysin O (PFO) are important virulence factors in the development of gas gangrene, suggesting that they are therapeutic targets.