The association of parental age at delivery with childhood allergic disease and the modified effect of breastfeeding.

Background: Childhood allergic diseases are a global concern; quite limited studies have examined the impacts of parental age at delivery. This study aimed to explore the association between separate and combined parental age at delivery and childhood allergic diseases and whether adequate breastfeeding could modify this association.

Methods: This cross-sectional study sampled 15,976 children from Shanghai, China.

Call for Decision Support for Electrocardiographic Alarm Administration Among Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Staff: Multicenter, Cross-Sectional Survey.

Background: Previous studies have shown that electrocardiographic (ECG) alarms have high sensitivity and low specificity, have underreported adverse events, and may cause neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) staff fatigue or alarm ignoring. Moreover, prolonged noise stimuli in hospitalized neonates can disrupt neonatal development.

Objective: The aim of the study is to conduct a nationwide, multicenter, large-sample cross-sectional survey to identify current practices and investigate the decision-making requirements of health care providers regarding ECG alarms.

Deep learning model for low-dose CT late iodine enhancement imaging and extracellular volume quantification.

Objectives: To develop and validate deep learning (DL)-models that denoise late iodine enhancement (LIE) images and enable accurate extracellular volume (ECV) quantification.

Methods: This study retrospectively included patients with chest discomfort who underwent CT myocardial perfusion + CT angiography + LIE from two hospitals. Two DL models, residual dense network (RDN) and conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN), were developed and validated.

Mangrove Extraction Algorithm Based on Orthogonal Matching Filter-Weighted Least Squares.

High-precision extraction of mangrove areas is a crucial prerequisite for estimating mangrove area as well as for regional planning and ecological protection. However, mangroves typically grow in coastal and near-shore areas with complex water colors, where traditional mangrove extraction algorithms face challenges such as unclear region segmentation and insufficient accuracy. To address this issue, in this paper we propose a new algorithm for mangrove identification and extraction based on Orthogonal Matching Filter-Weighted Least Squares (OMF-WLS) target spectral information.

Association of Di(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate Exposure with Reproductive Hormones in the General Population and the Susceptible Population: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), an environmental endocrine disruptor, has hormone-like activity and endocrine-disrupting effects. However, the types of reproductive hormones associated with DEHP vary across the studies. Thus, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to pool existing epidemiological evidence.

Effects of PM and Its Components on Disease Severity in Patients with Schizophrenia and the Mediating Role of Thyroid Hormones.

Studies have indicated the different effects of PM components on human health. However, specific components that influence the severity of disease in schizophrenia patients and their underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Therefore, a repeated measures study for schizophrenia was constructed based on Anhui Mental Health Center.

Exploring the prevalence and chest CT predictors of Long COVID in children: a comprehensive study from Shanghai and Linyi.

Introduction: COVID-19 constitutes a pandemic of significant detriment to human health. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Long COVID following SARS-CoV-2 infection, analyze the potential predictors of chest CT for the development of Long COVID in children.

Methods: A cohort of children who visited the respiratory outpatient clinics at Shanghai Children's Medical Center or Linyi Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from December 2022 to February 2023 and underwent chest CT scans within 1 week was followed up.

Association of obesity with osteoporotic fracture risk in individuals with bone metabolism-related conditions: a cross sectional analysis.

Introduction: This study aimed to investigate the individual and composite associations of different indices of obesity on osteoporotic fractures at three different sites among individuals affected by conditions influencing bone metabolism.

Methods: Participants were included from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a national cross-sectional survey. BMI and WC were used separately and in combination to evaluate the presence of obesity.

The impact of lipoprotein(a) level on cardiac pathologies in diabetes: a cardiac CT study.

Objectives: We aimed to explore the imaging profile of coronary atherosclerosis, perivascular inflammation, myocardial perfusion, and interstitial fibrosis in diabetes stratified by lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] levels.

Methods: In this prospective study, we enrolled diabetic patients who had undergone computed tomography (CT) angiography, stress CT-myocardial perfusion imaging, and late iodine enhancement in 20 months. Then, we categorized them into elevated and normal groups based on an Lp(a) cutoff level of 30 mg/dL.

Impaired thyroid hormone sensitivity exacerbates the effect of PM and its components on dyslipidemia in schizophrenia.

Background: Dyslipidemia in schizophrenia causes a serious loss of healthy life expectancy, making it imperative to explore key environmental risk factors. We aimed to assess the effect of PM and its constituents on dyslipidemia in schizophrenia, identify the critical hazardous components, and investigate the role of impaired thyroid hormones (THs) sensitivity in this association.

Methods: We collected disease data on schizophrenia from the Anhui Mental Health Center from 2019 to 2022.

The correlation between selenium intake and lung function in asthmatic people: a cross-sectional study.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the correlation between selenium intake and lung function in asthmatic people.

Methods: A total of 4,541 individuals in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were included in this study. Multivariate linear regression, variance inflation factor, restricted cubic splines and quantile regression were used to analyze the relationship between Se intake and lung function.

Interventional therapy combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors with or without immune checkpoint inhibitors as initial treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Interventional therapy, in conjunction with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), has shown promising outcomes for treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with portal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT). With the advent of immunotherapy, the combined use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has attracted great attention due to their potential effectiveness in advanced HCC. This study aims to compare the efficacy and safety of a triple therapy regimen (Interventional therapy, TKIs and ICIs, IT-TKI-ICI) with a dual therapy regimen (Interventional therapy and TKIs, IT-TKI) in the treatment of HCC and PVTT (HCC-PVTT).

Feasibility and Diagnostic Performance of Functional SYNTAX Score Derived From Dynamic CT Myocardial Perfusion Imaging.

Background: Computed tomography (CT) fractional flow reserve (FFR)-derived functional SYNTAX score (FSS) is a valuable method for guiding treatment strategy in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease. Dynamic CT myocardial perfusion imaging (CT-MPI) demonstrates higher diagnostic accuracy than CT-FFR in identifying hemodynamically significant coronary artery disease. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility of CT-MPI-derived FSS (FSS) with reference to invasive FSS.

Atrial Septal Defect Detection in Children Based on Ultrasound Video Using Multiple Instances Learning.

Thoracic echocardiography (TTE) can provide sufficient cardiac structure information, evaluate hemodynamics and cardiac function, and is an effective method for atrial septal defect (ASD) examination. This paper aims to study a deep learning method based on cardiac ultrasound video to assist in ASD diagnosis. We chose four standard views in pediatric cardiac ultrasound to identify atrial septal defects; the four standard views were as follows: subcostal sagittal view of the atrium septum (subSAS), apical four-chamber view (A4C), the low parasternal four-chamber view (LPS4C), and parasternal short-axis view of large artery (PSAX).

Heatwave characteristics complicate the association between PM components and schizophrenia hospitalizations in a changing climate: Leveraging of the individual residential environment.

Background: In the era characterized by global environmental and climatic changes, understanding the effects of PM components and heatwaves on schizophrenia (SCZ) is essential for implementing environmental interventions at the population level. However, research in this area remains limited, which highlights the need for further research and effort. We aim to assess the association between exposure to PM components and hospitalizations for SCZ under different heatwave characteristics.

Green space and its types can attenuate the associations of PM and its components with prediabetes and diabetes-- a multicenter cross-sectional study from eastern China.

Background: The effect of fine particulate matter (PM) components on prediabetes and diabetes is of concern, but the evidence is limited and the specific role of different green space types remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the relationship of PM and its components with prediabetes and diabetes as well as the potential health benefits of different types and combinations of green spaces.

Methods: A multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted in eastern China by using a multi-stage random sampling method.

Association between gut microbiota and NAFLD/NASH: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Recent studies have suggested a relationship between gut microbiota and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)/nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, the nature and direction of this potential causal relationship are still unclear. This study used two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to clarify the potential causal links.

Cross-subject EMG hand gesture recognition based on dynamic domain generalization.

Electromyography (EMG) signal based cross-subject gesture recognition methods reduce the influence of individual differences using transfer learning technology. These methods generally require calibration data collected from new subjects to adapt the pre-trained model to existing subjects. However, collecting calibration data is usually trivial and inconvenient for new subjects.

Association of outdoor artificial light at night with metabolic syndrome and the modifying effect of tree and grass cover.

Background: Epidemiological studies show that outdoor artificial light at night (ALAN) is linked to metabolic hazards, but its association with metabolic syndrome (MetS) remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the association of outdoor ALAN with MetS in middle-aged and elderly Chinese.

Methods: From 2017-2020, we conducted a cross-sectional study in a total of 109,452 participants living in ten cities of eastern China.

Clinical outcomes of robotic-assisted and manual total hip arthroplasty in the same patient: A case report.

Background: Total hip arthroplasty (THA) is an effective treatment for advanced osteonecrosis of the femoral head, which can significantly relieve pain and improve patients' quality of life. Robotic-assisted THA enhances the accuracy and stability of THA surgery and achieves better clinical outcomes than manual THA.

Case Summary: We report the clinical outcomes of robotic-assisted THA and manual THA in the same patient with osteonecrosis of the femoral head.