The relationship between interpersonal security and social media dependence: a moderated mediation model.

Background: Interpersonal security is an important psychological factor influencing social media use. However, little is known about the mediating and moderating mechanisms linking Interpersonal security and social media dependence.

Objective: The present study explored the mediating role of negative rumination between interpersonal safety and social media dependence, as well as cohort differences in sibling conditions as moderators.

Efficient and accurate identification of maize rust disease using deep learning model.

Common corn rust and southern corn rust, two typical maize diseases during growth stages, require accurate differentiation to understand their occurrence patterns and pathogenic risks. To address this, a specialized Maize-Rust model integrating a SimAM module in the YOLOv8s backbone and a BiFPN for scale fusion, along with a DWConv for streamlined detection, was developed. The model achieved an accuracy of 94.

Ultrasound-Enhanced Spleen-Targeted mRNA Delivery via Fluorinated PEGylated Lipid Nanoparticles for Immunotherapy.

Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) based messenger RNA (mRNA) therapeutics hold immense promise for treating a wide array of diseases, while their nonhepatic organs targeting and insufficient endosomal escape efficiency remain challenges. For LNPs, polyethylene glycol (PEG) lipids have a crucial role in stabilizing them in aqueous medium, but they severely hinder cellular uptake and reduce transfection efficiency. In this study, we designed ultrasound (US)-assisted fluorinated PEGylated LNPs (F-LNPs) to enhance spleen-targeted mRNA delivery and transfection.

Optimizing Surface Maleimide/cRGD Ratios Enhances Targeting Efficiency of cRGD-Functionalized Nanomedicines.

Thiol-maleimide (MI) chemistry is a cornerstone of bioconjugation strategies, particularly in the development of drug delivery systems. The cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (cRGD) peptide, recognized for its ability to target the integrin αβ, is commonly employed to functionalize maleimide-bearing nanoparticles (NPs) for fabricating cRGD-functionalized nanomedicines. However, the impact of cRGD density on tumor targeting efficiency remains poorly understood.

Entropy-Mediated Crystallization Manipulation in Glass.

The entropy mediated temperature-structure evolution has attracted significant interest, which is used for the development of functional alloys and ceramics. But such strategy has not yet been demonstrated for development of non-metallic glasses. Herein, the successful application of the entropy engineering concept to non-metallic glass to manipulate its in situ crystallization process is demonstrated.

S-Fe/Co@GC reduction-oxidation sequential reaction system for the high-efficiency mineralization of tetrabromobisphenol a in water.

The lipophilic, bioaccumulative, persistent nature of Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) contributes to its widespread detection in various environmental media, posing significant negative implications for the living environment and human health. In this study, a reduction system and a reduction-oxidation sequential reaction system were developed using a magnetic core-shell bimetallic amendment (S-Fe/Co@GC) to investigate the degradation and mineralization properties of TBBPA. Additionally, the degradation mechanism and degradation pathway of TBBPA in various systems were analyzed.

Controlled Fabrication of Distinct Nanostructures from Discrete Oligourethanes via Thermal Annealing.

The self-assembly of sequence-defined polymers (SDPs) enables the formation of a diverse array of nanostructures; however, the construction of complex hierarchical structures via thermal annealing from SDPs remains relatively unexplored. In this study, two series of oligourethanes, 2Cit-B-OH and 2Cit-B-OH, were synthesized to investigate their thermal annealing behaviors. Nanorod clusters were generated from 2Cit-B-OH in a mixture of 1,4-dioxane and toluene, whereas 2Cit-B-OH formed nanosheets after thermal annealing.

Spatial differences of dissolved organic matter composition and humification in an artificial lake.

The depth-dependent dynamics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) structure and humification in an artificial lake limits the understanding of lake eutrophication and carbon cycling. Using fluorescence regional integration (FRI) and parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) models to analyze the 3D fluorescence spectroscopy dataset, we revealed the depth-dependent structure and vertical distribution of DOM in the estuarine and center regions of Lake Hongfeng. The percentage fluorescence response () showed humic acid is an important part of DOM in Lake Hongfeng.

Controlled switching thiocarbonylthio end-groups enables interconvertible radical and cationic single-unit monomer insertions and RAFT polymerizations.

To emulate the ordered arrangement of monomer units found in natural macromolecules, single-unit monomer insertion (SUMI) have emerged as a potent technique for synthesizing sequence-controlled vinyl polymers. Specifically, numerous applications necessitate vinyl polymers encompassing both radically and cationically polymerizable monomers, posing a formidable challenge due to the distinct thiocarbonylthio end-groups required for efficient control over radical and cationic SUMIs. Herein, we present a breakthrough in the form of interconvertible radical and cationic SUMIs achieved through the manipulation of thiocarbonylthio end-groups.

Water-Ice Microstructures and Hydration States of Acridinium Iodide Studied by Phosphorescence Spectroscopy.

Ice has been suggested to have played a significant role in the origin of life partly owing to its ability to concentrate organic molecules and promote reaction efficiency. However, the techniques for studying organic molecules in ice are absorption-based, which limits the sensitivity of measurements. Here we introduce an emission-based method to study organic molecules in water ice: the phosphorescence displays high sensitivity depending on the hydration state of an organic salt probe, acridinium iodide (ADI).

CXCL4/CXCR3 axis regulates cardiac fibrosis by activating TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling in mouse viral myocarditis.

Background: Severe myocarditis is often accompanied by cardiac fibrosis, but the underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. CXCL4 is a chemokine that has been reported to have pro-inflammatory and profibrotic functions. The exact role of CXCL4 in cardiac fibrosis remains unclear.

Label-Free Quantification of Digital Nanorods Assembled from Discrete Oligourethane Amphiphiles.

Polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) have been extensively designed for theranostic agent delivery. Previous methods for tracking their biological behavior and assessing theranostic efficacy heavily rely on fluorescence or isotope labeling. However, these labeling techniques may alter the physicochemical properties of the labeled NPs, leading to inaccurate biodistribution information.

Self-Amplified Cascade Degradation and Oxidative Stress Via Rational pH Regulation of Oxidation-Responsive Poly(ferrocene) Aggregates.

Precise activation of polymer nanoparticles at lesion sites is crucial to achieve favorable therapeutic efficacy. However, conventional endogenous stimuli-responsive polymer nanoparticles probably suffer from few triggers to stimulate the polymer degradation and subsequent functions. Here, we describe oxidation-responsive poly(ferrocene) amphiphiles containing phenylboronic acid ester and ferrocene as the repeating backbone units.

Process model of emotion regulation-based digital intervention for emotional problems.

Background: To address the lack of mental health practitioners in developing countries, the current study explored the feasibility of a newly developed self-guided digital intervention program TEA (training for emotional adaptation) in alleviating depressive and anxiety symptoms, as one of a few studies which adapted from theoretical models with effective intervention techniques.

Methods: The first part of this study involved 11 professional mental health practitioners giving feedback on the feasibility of the TEA; while the second part involved a mixed-method single-arm study with 32 participants recruited online, who went through the seven intervention sessions within 14 days. The questionnaires were collected before, after, 14 days after, and 30 days after intervention.

Self-Immolative Amphiphilic Poly(ferrocenes) for Synergistic Amplification of Oxidative Stress in Tumor Therapy.

Amphiphilic self-immolative polymers (SIPs) can achieve complete degradation solely through one triggerable event, which potentially optimize the blood clearance and uncontrollable/inert degradability for therapeutic nanoparticles. Herein, we report self-immolative amphiphilic poly(ferrocenes), BP -Fc, composed by self-immolative backbone and aminoferrocene (AFc) side chains as well as end-capping poly(ethylene glycol) monomethyl ether. Upon triggering by tumor acidic milieu, the BP -Fc nanoparticles readily degrade to release azaquinone methide (AQM) moieties, which can rapidly deplete intracellular glutathione (GSH) to cascade release AFc.

sST2: A Bridge Between Sirt1/p53/p21 Signal-Induced Senescence and TGF-β1/Smad2/3 Regulation of Cardiac Fibrosis in Mouse Viral Myocarditis.

Soluble interleukin 1 receptor-like 1 (sST2) is a novel predictor of poor outcomes, which is involved in inflammatory response and fibrosis of myocarditis. Cellular senescence is a state of irreversible cell cycle arrest. Studies have shown that senescence of myofibroblasts can limit or reduce cardiac fibrosis.

Cationic Single-Unit Monomer Insertion (cSUMI): From Discrete Oligomers to the α-/ω-End and In-Chain Sequence-Regulated Polymers.

Single-unit monomer insertion (SUMI) has become an important strategy for the synthesis of sequence-controlled vinyl polymers due to its strong versatility and high efficiency. However, all reported SUMI processes are based on a free-radical mechanism, resulting in a limited number of monomer types being applicable to SUMI or a limited number of sequences of structural units that SUMI can synthesize. Herein, we developed a novel SUMI based on a cationic mechanism (cSUMI), which operates through a degenerative (similar to radical SUMI) but cationic chain transfer process.

Digital micelles of encoded polymeric amphiphiles for direct sequence reading and ex vivo label-free quantification.

Identification and quantification of synthetic polymers in complex biological milieu are crucial for delivery, sensing and scaffolding functions, but conventional techniques based on imaging probe labellings only afford qualitative results. Here we report modular construction of precise sequence-defined amphiphilic polymers that self-assemble into digital micelles with contour lengths strictly regulated by oligourethane sequences. Direct sequence reading is accomplished with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) tandem mass spectrometry, facilitated by high-affinity binding of alkali metal ions with poly(ethylene glycol) dendrons and selective cleavage of benzyl-carbamate linkages.

Up-and-coming anti-epileptic effect of aloesone in : Evidenced by integrating network pharmacological analysis, , and models.

is a medically valuable plant with anti-epileptic activity; however, its mechanism of action remains unknown. In this study, network pharmacological, , and experiments were carried out to explore the potential anti-epileptic components and targets of . The main active components of were identified by searching the Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology database.

Arsenic Trioxide Triggers Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Oxidative Stress, and Apoptosis via Nrf 2/Caspase 3 Signaling Pathway in Heart of Ducks.

Arsenic is a common environmental pollutant and poses a serious threat to human and animal health. In this study, we used the ducks to mimic arsenic trioxide (ATO) exposure and investigated the mechanism of cardiac toxicity. The results indicated that ATO inhibited the body and organ growth of ducks, led to an increase in LDH content, and caused obvious deformity, ischemia infarction.

Oscillating the local milieu of polymersome interiors via single input-regulated bilayer crosslinking and permeability tuning.

The unique permselectivity of cellular membranes is of crucial importance to maintain intracellular homeostasis while adapting to microenvironmental changes. Although liposomes and polymersomes have been widely engineered to mimic microstructures and functions of cells, it still remains a considerable challenge to synergize the stability and permeability of artificial cells and to imitate local milieu fluctuations. Herein, we report concurrent crosslinking and permeabilizing of pH-responsive polymersomes containing Schiff base moieties within bilayer membranes via enzyme-catalyzed acid production.

Transient analysis of power loss density with time-harmonic electromagnetic waves in Debye media.

Due to the complex permittivity, it is difficult to directly clarify the transient mechanism between electromagnetic waves and Debye media. To overcome the above problem, the temporal relationship between the electromagnetic waves and permittivity is explicitly derived by applying the Fourier inversion and introducing the remnant displacement. With the help of the Poynting theorem and energy conservation equation, the transient power loss density is derived to describe the transient dissipation of electromagnetic field and the mechanism on phase displacement has been explicitly revealed.

Coordinating External and Built-In Triggers for Tunable Degradation of Polymeric Nanoparticles via Cycle Amplification.

The selective activation of nanovectors in pathological tissues is of crucial importance to achieve optimized therapeutic outcomes. However, conventional stimuli-responsive nanovectors lack sufficient sensitivity because of the slight difference between pathological and normal tissues. To this end, the development of nanovectors capable of responding to weak pathological stimuli is of increasing interest.