Algae-derived polysaccharides and polysaccharide-based nanoparticles: A natural frontier in breast cancer therapy.

Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women worldwide, with its progression closely tied to the tumor microenvironment. To address the limitations and adverse effects of conventional therapies, algal polysaccharides and their nanoparticle derivatives have emerged as promising and effective anti-breast cancer agents. These bioactive compounds, derived from algae, are distinguished by their natural origin, non-toxicity, and significant medical relevance.

Enrichment of rice endosperm with anthocyanins by endosperm-specific expression of rice endogenous genes.

A diet rich in anthocyanins can benefit human health against a broad spectrum of human diseases due to the high antioxidant activities of anthocyanins. Enrichment of anthocyanins in the starchy endosperm of rice is an effective solution to provide nutritional food in human diets. However, previous attempts failed to engineer anthocyanin biosynthesis in the rice endosperm by transgenic expression of rice endogenous genes.

Association of ambient temperature and diurnal temperature range with the outcome of in vitro fertilization in women from Hubei, China: A retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: To examine the relationship between ambient temperature and DTR and pregnancy outcomes in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic monosperm injection and embryo transfer (IVF/ICSI-ET) women.

Methods: The study included 5264 women who were treated with IVF/ICSI-ET at two centers in Hubei province from 2017 to 2022. The daily mean, daily maximum, and daily minimum temperatures at the subjects' home addresses were extracted, and DTR values were calculated based on latter two.

The mechanisms in the gut microbiota regulation and type 2 diabetes therapeutic activity of resistant starches.

Resistant starch (RS) can potentially prevent type 2 diabetes through the modulation of intestinal microbiota and microbial metabolites. Currently, it has been wildly noted that altering the intestinal microbial composition and short-chain fatty acids levels can achieve therapeutic effects, although the specific mechanisms were rarely elucidated. This review systematically explores the structural characteristics of different RS, analyzes the cross-feeding mechanism utilized by intestinal microbiota, and outlines the pathways and targets of butyrate, a primary microbial metabolite, for treating diabetes.

Reliability analysis using Limit equilibrium and Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics-based method for homogeneous soil slopes.

This paper develops a combined method to predict the volume of sliding mass for homogeneous slopes in an efficient manner. Firstly, the failure surface with minimum factor of safety (FS) in Limit Equilibrium Method is equated to that one determined by Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics algorithm to obtain the threshold displacement value for unstable and stable particles. Secondly, the threshold displacement value is used to identify the volume of sliding mass using SPH.

The effectiveness of self: A meta-analysis of using self-referential encoding techniques in education.

Background: Self-related information is difficult to ignore and forget, which brings valuable implications for educational practice. Self-referential encoding techniques involve integrating self-referencing cues during the processing of learning material. However, the evidence base and effective implementation boundaries for these techniques in teaching and learning remain uncertain due to research variability.

A structural similarity networking assisted collision cross-section prediction interval filtering strategy for multi-compound identification of complex matrix by ion-mobility mass spectrometry.

Ion mobility coupled with mass spectrometry (IM-MS), an emerging technology for analysis of complex matrix, has been facing challenges due to the complexities of chemical structures and original data, as well as low-efficiency and error-proneness of manual operations. In this study, we developed a structural similarity networking assisted collision cross-section prediction interval filtering (SSN-CCSPIF) strategy. We first carried out a structural similarity networking (SSN) based on Tanimoto similarities among Morgan fingerprints to classify the authentic compounds potentially existing in complex matrix.

Halogen-regulating induced reversible high-temperature dielectric and thermal transitions in novel layered organic-inorganic hybrid semiconducting crystals.

Organic-inorganic hybrid metal halides for high-temperature phase transition have become increasingly popular owing to their wide operating temperature range in practical applications, , energy storage, permittivity switches and opto-electronic devices. This paper describes the subtle assembly of two new hybrid perovskite crystals, [Cl-CH-(CH)NH]CdX (X = Br 1; Cl 2), undergoing high- reversible phase transformations around 335 K/356 K. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and VT PXRD tests uncover their reversible first-order phase transition behaviors.

A hierarchical multi-leadership sine cosine algorithm to dissolving global optimization and data classification: The COVID-19 case study.

The Sine Cosine Algorithm (SCA) is an outstanding optimizer that is appreciably used to dissolve complicated real-world problems. Nevertheless, this algorithm lacks sufficient population diversification and a sufficient balance between exploration and exploitation. So, effective techniques are required to tackle the SCA's fundamental shortcomings.

Mutual-DTI: A mutual interaction feature-based neural network for drug-target protein interaction prediction.

The prediction of drug-target protein interaction (DTI) is a crucial task in the development of new drugs in modern medicine. Accurately identifying DTI through computer simulations can significantly reduce development time and costs. In recent years, many sequence-based DTI prediction methods have been proposed, and introducing attention mechanisms has improved their forecasting performance.

Suppression of hepatocellular carcinoma by Ulva lactuca ulvan via gut microbiota and metabolite interactions.

Introduction: Ulva lactuca polysaccharide (ULP) is green algae extract with numerous biological activities, including anticoagulant, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral effects. However, the inhibitory ability of ULP in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma warrants further studies.

Objectives: To elucidate the anti-tumor mechanism of ULP action and evaluate its regulatory effect on gut microbiota and metabolism in H22 hepatocellular carcinoma tumor-bearing mice.

Modulation of gut microbiota and lipid metabolism in rats fed high-fat diets by triterpenoids.

triterpenoids (GP) have been reported to help prevent and improve hyperlipidemia. Modulation of the gut microbiota was proposed as underlying factor as well as a novel measure to prevent and treat hyperlipidemia. The effects of GP on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced hyperlipidemia and gut microbiota modulation were determined in rats.

Regulatory mechanisms of the edible alga Ulva lactuca polysaccharide via modulation of gut microbiota in diabetic mice.

In this study, Ulva lactuca polysaccharide (ULP) antihyperglycemic effect was assessed by monitoring changes in the gut microbiota of aging diabetic mice. The results showed that ULP alleviated type 2 diabetes by improving insulin tolerance, increasing SOD and CAT activities, and thus lowering blood glucose level. Moreover, ULP regulated the expressions of INSR and AMPK concurrent with inhibition the expression of JNK, JAK, STAT3, p16 and p38 to improve glucose metabolism dysfunction.

Colorimetric detection of biothiols and Hg based on the peroxidase-like activity of GTP.

Guanosine-5'-triphosphate (GTP) not only plays a key role in a majority of cellular processes but also be proposed as a peroxidase-like mimic. Compared with nanozymes, GTP shows good tolerance under harsh conditions, which can be used to construct an easy colorimetric analysis for the detection of biomolecules. Here, on the basis of the peroxidase-like activity of GTP which can catalyze the oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethyl benzidine dihydrochloride (TMB), colorimetric sensing was established for biothiols and Hg.

The flavors of edible mushrooms: A comprehensive review of volatile organic compounds and their analytical methods.

Due to their distinctive flavors, edible mushrooms have gained attention in flavor-related research, and the quality of their flavors determines their consumption. The odor is a vital element of food flavor that significantly impacts consumers' perceptions and purchase decisions. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of the odorant ingredient is the primary factors affecting scent characteristics.

Ru(bpy) as a photoinduced oxidase mimic for colorimetric detection of biothiols.

We have found that tris (2,2'-bipyridyl) ruthenium (II) (Ru(bpy)) possesses a high photo-induced oxidase-like activity and is capable of catalyzing the color reaction of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) with dissolved oxygen. Ru(bpy) has a catalytic constant (K) that is twice as high as that of fluorescein, 170 and 275-fold higher than that of 9-mesityl-10-methyl acridine and Eosin Y, respectively. Electron spin resonance spectroscopy (ESR) and radical scavenging experiments have verified the major active radicals involved in the color reaction are •OH.

Money priming enhances sensitivity to the outcome feedback of decision-making under uncertainty: Evidence from an ERP study.

Money is the most common medium of exchange and plays an important role in our daily life. However, current literature has not yet specifically touched on the influence of money priming on decision-making behaviour under uncertainty and related neural mechanisms. In this study, we used event-related potentials with an adapted version of the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) paradigm to examine brain activity related to the effects of money priming on outcome evaluation in decision-making under uncertainty.

Colorimetric detection of ATP by inhibiting the Peroxidase-like activity of carbon dots.

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is the main energy currency for cells and an important biomolecule involved in cellular reactions, whose abnormal levels are closely related to physical disease, thus it is extremely important to establish a convenient, fast and simple ATP monitoring method. Toward this end, we developed a facile method for colorimetric detection of ATP on the basis of the inhibiting effect of ATP on the peroxidase-like activity of carbon dots (CDs). The detection principle of this method was utilizing the peroxidase-like activity of CDs, which catalyze the oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) by HO to generate blue products.

Target profiling of flavonol glycosides in the extract of Ginkgo biloba leaf and their pharmacokinetics in rat plasma by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry.

The extract of Ginkgo biloba leaf is a popular herbal product or dietary supplement in the world to treat various diseases, and flavonol glycosides are considered as the main bioactive constituents. In this study, 37 flavonol glycosides were rapidly screened out by precursor ion scanning in positive ion mode with production ions at m/z 287.05, 303.

Metal-free colorimetric detection of pyrophosphate ions by the peroxidase-like activity of ATP.

Pyrophosphate (PO, PPi) plays a vital role in ecological environment. Its elevated levels in water bodies can lead to eutrophication. Hence, its detection is extremely significant.

Biphasic ceramic biomaterials with tunable spatiotemporal evolution for highly efficient alveolar bone repair.

Alveolar bone defects, which are characterized by a relatively narrow space and location adjacent to the cementum, require promising substitute biomaterials for their regeneration. In this study, we introduced novel yolk-shell biphasic bio-ceramic granules with/without a customized porous shell and evaluated their biological effect together with structural transformation. Firstly, a self-made coaxial bilayer capillary system was applied for the fabrication of granules.

[Functions of non-coding RNAs in the osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament-derived cells].

Human periodontal ligament-derived cells serve as an important source of seeding cells in periodontal regenerative medicine, and their osteogenic potential is closely related to alveolar bone repair and periodontal regeneration. Non-coding RNA (ncRNA), such as microRNA, long non-coding RNA, and circular RNA, play important roles in the regu-lation of osteogenic genes in human periodontal ligament-derived cells. In this review, we summarize the target genes, path-ways, and functions of the ncRNA network during osteogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament-derived cells.

A label-free protamine-assisted colorimetric sensor for highly sensitive detection of S1 nuclease activity.

A label-free, sensitive, simple and general colorimetric method was reported to monitor S1 nuclease activity based on protamine-assisted aggregation of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Here, protamine, a linear polycation, was used as a medium for causing the aggregation of negatively charged AuNPs by electrostatic interactions, resulting in changes in the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) absorption bands as well as the color of AuNPs. Here, the AuNPs were employed as an indicator to detect the level of S1 nuclease in the solution.

Highly sensitive detection of prostate cancer specific PCA3 mimic DNA using SERS-based competitive lateral flow assay.

Accurate analysis of prostate cancer specific biomarkers plays an important role in the early diagnosis of prostate cancer. Traditional colorimetric lateral flow assay (LFA) has the limitations of low detection sensitivity and qualitative or semiquantitative detection. In this study, we developed a novel surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based competitive LFA for the rapid and highly sensitive quantitative evaluation of prostate cancer antigen 3 (PCA3) mimic DNA.