Cation reactivity inhibits perovskite degradation in efficient and stable solar modules.

Perovskite solar modules (PSMs) show outstanding power conversion efficiencies (PCEs), but long-term operational stability remains problematic. We show that incorporating -dimethylmethyleneiminium chloride into the perovskite precursor solution formed dimethylammonium cation and that previously unobserved methyl tetrahydrotriazinium ([MTTZ]) cation effectively improved perovskite film. The in situ formation of [MTTZ] cation increased the formation energy of iodine vacancies and enhanced the migration energy barrier of iodide and cesium ions, which suppressed nonradiative recombination, thermal decomposition, and phase segregation processes.

Enhancing the photodegradation of tetracycline in aquaculture wastewater via iron(III)-alginate: Degradation pathway transformation and toxicity reduction.

Tetracycline's (TC) incomplete self-photolysis by light irradiation generally produces toxic intermediate products, which posing serious harm to the aqueous environment. In order to diminish the environmental risks of TC self-photolysis, an iron(III)-alginate (Fe-SA) hydrogel assisted photocatalytic method was developed and the underlying mechanisms was also analyzed in this work. Under simulated sunlight, the photo-degradation efficiency of TC was 61.

Abnormal cGMP-dependent protein kinase I-mediated decidualization in preeclampsia.

Defective decidual function contributes to the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. However, the precise mechanism of defective decidua during preeclampsia has not been characterized. During decidualization, endometrial stromal cells undergo phenotypic changes that are consistent with mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET).

A photoelectrochemical aptasensor for thrombin based on the use of carbon quantum dot-sensitized TiO and visible-light photoelectrochemical activity.

A photoelectrochemical (PEC) aptasensor for the highly sensitive and specific detection of thrombin is described. This aptasensor is based on an indium tin oxide (ITO) support that is covered with carbon quantum dot (CQD)-sensitized TiO and acts as a photoactive matrix. The ITO/TiO/CQD electrode was prepared by impregnation assembly.

A novel and sensitive fluorescence sensor for glutathione detection by controlling the surface passivation degree of carbon quantum dots.

A novel fluorescence sensor based on controlling the surface passivation degree of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) was developed for glutathione (GSH) detection. First, we found that the fluorescence intensity of the CQDs which was obtained by directly pyrolyzing citric acid would increased largely after the surface passivation treatment by 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide (EDC). In the light of this phenomenon, we designed a simple, rapid and selective fluorescence sensor based on the surface passivated CQDs.

Vitamin E deficiency depressed fish growth, disease resistance, and the immunity and structural integrity of immune organs in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella): Referring to NF-κB, TOR and Nrf2 signaling.

This study investigated the effects of dietary vitamin E on growth, disease resistance and the immunity and structural integrity of head kidney, spleen and skin in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). The fish were fed six diets containing graded levels of vitamin E (0, 45, 90, 135, 180 and 225 mg/kg diet) for 10 weeks. Subsequently, a challenge test was conducted by injection of Aeromonas hydrophila.

Superior Light-Harvesting Heteroleptic Ruthenium(II) Complexes with Electron-Donating Antennas for High Performance Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells.

Three heteroleptic polypyridyl ruthenium complexes, RC-41, RC-42, and RC-43, with efficient electron-donating antennas in the ancillary ligands were designed, synthesized, and characterized as sensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cell. All the RC dye sensitizers showed remarkable light-harvesting capacity and broadened absorption range. Significantly, RC-43 obtained the lower energy metal-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) band peaked at 557 nm with a high molar extinction coefficient of 27 400 M(-1) cm(-1).

A benzothiadiazole-cyclopentadithiophene [corrected] bridged D-A-π-A sensitizer with enhanced light absorption for high efficiency dye-sensitized solar cells.

We demonstrate an efficient D-A-π-A sensitizer with a benzothiadiazole-cyclopentadithiophene [corrected] moiety as the spacer in a triphenylamine organic dye for dye-sensitized solar cells. The dye has a broad visible light absorption range up to 800 nm. A power conversion efficiency >9% has been achieved using a [Co(bpy)3](2+/3+)-based electrolyte.