Charge Transfer at the Interface of Iridium and Atomically Dispersed Mn-O Clusters Induced Full-Potential Hydrogen Oxidation.

Hydrogen has long been an important energy source for sustainable development, and platinum group metals (PGMs) are the prominent anode catalysts for anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs). However, among the PGM catalysts used in alkaline hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) for the AEMFC anode, the activity of iridium decreases sharply when the reaction potential exceeds 0.2 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) due to the reduction of hydrogen adsorption (H), which is caused by the overadsorption of OH.

Hydrogen sulfide inhibits skeletal muscle ageing by up-regulating autophagy through promoting deubiquitination of adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase α1 via ubiquitin specific peptidase 5.

Background: Hydrogen sulfide (HS), the third gasotransmitter discovered, regulates a variety of physiological functions. Whether HS alleviates skeletal muscle ageing by regulating autophagy has not been reported.

Methods: Mice were administered 150 mg/kg/day of D-galactose (D-gal), and C2C12 myotubes were cultured in 20 g/L D-gal to induce ageing.

The impact of tumor size on the prognosis and chemotherapy efficacy in stage I/II colon cancer patients.

The impact of tumor size on the survival and chemotherapy reponse of early-stage colon cancer remains unclear. Our study explored the effect of tumor size on overall survival (OS) and postoperative chemotherapy efficacy in patients with stage I/II colon cancer. Stage I/II colon cancer patients from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) database and a China center were extracted as two cohorts respectively.

Tertiary lymphoid structures: new immunotherapy biomarker.

Immunotherapy shows substantial advancement in cancer and is becoming widely used in clinical practice. A variety of biomarkers have been proposed to predict the efficacy of immunotherapy, but most of them have low predictive ability. Tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs), the aggregation of multiple lymphocytes, have been found to exist in various tumor tissues.

Local Charge Transfer Unveils Antideactivation of Ru at High Potentials for the Alkaline Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction.

The activity of Ru-based alkaline hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) electrocatalysts usually decreases rapidly at potentials higher than 0.1 V ( a reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE)), which significantly limits the lifetime of fuel cells. It is found that this phenomenon is caused by the overadsorption of the O species due to the overcharging of Ru nanoparticles at high potentials.

Ultralow-Loading Ruthenium-Iridium Fuel Cell Catalysts Dispersed on Zn-N Species-Doped Carbon.

Developing low-loading platinum-group-metal (PGM) catalysts is one of the key challenges in commercializing anion-exchange-membrane-fuel-cells (AEMFCs), especially for hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR). Here, ruthenium-iridium nanoparticles being deposited on a Zn-N species-doped carbon carrier (RuIr/Zn-N-C) are synthesized and used as an anodic catalyst for AEMFCs. RuIr/Zn-N-C shows extremely high mass activity (5.

Association between polymorphisms and expression and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder risk in the Northern Chinese Han population.

Background: Forkhead box P3 () plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disorders. In the present study, we genotyped three single-nucleotide polymorphisms, namely, rs2232365, rs3761548, and rs3761549, to determine the relationship between polymorphisms and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) susceptibility among the Northern Chinese Han population.

Materials And Methods: We genotyped single nucleotide polymorphisms at loci of the gene (rs2232365, rs3761548, and rs3761549136) in 136 NMOSD patients and 224 healthy subjects using the multiplex SNaPshot technique.

Optimizing Hydrogen and Hydroxyl Adsorption over Ru/WO Metal/Metalloid Heterostructure Electrocatalysts for Highly Efficient and Stable Hydrogen Oxidation Reactions in Alkaline Media.

The development of high-performance, stable and platinum-free electrocatalysts for the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) in alkaline media is crucial for the commercial application of anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs). Ruthenium, as an emerging HOR electrocatalyst with a price advantage over platinum, still needs to solve the problems of low intrinsic activity and easy oxidation. Herein, Ru nanoparticles are anchored on the oxygen-vacancy-rich metalloid WO by interfacial engineering to create abundant and efficient Ru and WO interfacial active sites for accelerated HOR in alkaline media.

V-O Species-Doped Carbon Frameworks Loaded with Ru Nanoparticles as Highly Efficient and CO-Tolerant Catalysts for Alkaline Hydrogen Oxidation.

Efficient and CO-tolerant catalysts for alkaline hydrogen oxidation (HOR) are vital to the commercial application of anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs). Herein, a robust Ru-based catalyst (Ru/VOC) with ultrasmall Ru nanoparticles supported on carbon frameworks with atomically dispersed V-O species is prepared elaborately. The catalyst exhibits a remarkable mass activity of 3.

Exogenous HS alleviates senescence of glomerular mesangial cells through up-regulating mitophagy by activation of AMPK-ULK1-PINK1-parkin pathway in mice.

Hydrogen sulfide (HS) is the third gas signaling molecule that has been shown to be involved in the regulating vital activities in the body, including inhibition of aging. However, it is unknown whether HS alleviates aging in the kidney and glomerular mesangial cells (GMCs) by modulating their mitophagy. Here, results of experiments in vivo and in vitro showed that compared with control group, the renal function of mice and GMCs viability were decreased in D-gal (D-galactose) group, while the activity of SA-β-gal and p21 expression were increased, Cyclin D1 and Klotho expressions were decreased; HS content and CSE expression were lower; ROS and MDA contents and mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening were risedose; ATP production and mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm) were reduced; Apoptotic rate, the expression of Cleaved caspase-9 and -3, Cyt c, p62 and Drp1 were enhanced and the expression of Bcl-2, Mfn2, Beclin-1, LC3 II/I, PINK1 and parkin were decreased.

Unilateral Orbitopathy Caused by Skull Base Chordoid Meningioma.

Chordoid meningioma (CM) makes up only 1% of all meningiomas. Most cases of this variant are locally aggressive, have high growth potential, and are likely to recur. Although CMs are known to be invasive, they rarely extend into the retro-orbital space.

Dengue virus co-opts innate type 2 pathways to escape early control of viral replication.

Mast cell products and high levels of type 2 cytokines are associated with severe dengue disease. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) are type-2 cytokine-producing cells that are activated by epithelial cytokines and mast cell-derived lipid mediators. Through ex vivo RNAseq analysis, we observed that ILC2 are activated during acute dengue viral infection, and show an impaired type I-IFN signature in severe disease.

PHF5A promotes colorectal cancerprogression by alternative splicing of TEAD2.

Dysregulated alternative splicing (AS) plays critical roles in driving cancer progression, and the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, we demonstrated that PHF5A, a component of U2 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins, was frequently upregulated in colorectal cancer (CRC) samples and associated with poor prognosis. PHF5A promoted proliferation and metastasis of CRC cells and .

Delivery of Anti-miRNA-221 for Colorectal Carcinoma Therapy Using Modified Cord Blood Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Exosomes.

Exosomes, as natural intercellular information carriers, have great potential in the field of drug delivery. Many studies have focused on modifying exosome surface proteins to allow drugs to specifically target cancer cells. In this study, human cord blood mesenchymal stromal cell-derived exosomes were used in the delivery of anti-miRNA oligonucleotides so as to be specifically ingested by tumor cells to perform anti-tumor functions.

TMEM106C contributes to the malignant characteristics and poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Transmembrane protein (TMEM) is a kind of integral membrane protein that spans biological membranes. The functions of most members of the TMEM family are unknown. Here, we conducted bioinformatic analysis and biological validation to investigate the role of TMEM106C in HCC.

Hierarchical highly ordered SnO nanobowl branched ZnO nanowires for ultrasensitive and selective hydrogen sulfide gas sensing.

Highly sensitive and selective hydrogen sulfide (HS) sensors based on hierarchical highly ordered SnO nanobowl branched ZnO nanowires (NWs) were synthesized via a sequential process combining hard template processing, atomic-layer deposition, and hydrothermal processing. The hierarchical sensing materials were prepared in situ on microelectromechanical systems, which are expected to achieve high-performance gas sensors with superior sensitivity, long-term stability and repeatability, as well as low power consumption. Specifically, the hierarchical nanobowl SnO@ZnO NW sensor displayed a high sensitivity of 6.

Fabrication of a Micro-Electromechanical System-Based Acetone Gas Sensor Using CeO Nanodot-Decorated WO Nanowires.

Preparation of reliable, stable, and highly responsive gas-sensing devices for the detection of acetone has been considered to be a key issue for the development of accurate disease diagnosis systems via exhaled breath. In this paper, novel CeO nanodot-decorated WO nanowires are successfully synthesized through a sequential hydrothermal and thermolysis process. Such CeO nanodot-decorated WO nanowires exhibited a remarkable enhancement in acetone-sensing performance based on a miniaturized micro-electromechanical system device, which affords high response ( = 1.

Precise preparation of WO@SnO core shell nanosheets for efficient NH gas sensing.

Development of high-performance ammonia (NH) sensor is imperative for monitoring NH in the living environment. In this work, to obtain a high performance NH gas sensor, structurally well-defined WO@SnO core shell nanosheets with a controllable thickness of SnO shell layer have been employed as sensing materials. The prepared core shell nanosheets were used to obtain a miniaturized gas sensor based on micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS).

High-throughput screening identified miR-7-2-3p and miR-29c-3p as metastasis suppressors in gallbladder carcinoma.

Background: Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) is one of the most aggressive and lethal tumors, with extremely high metastatic activity and poor prognosis. Previously we have studied miRNAs that promote metastasis and progression of GBC, the aim of present study was to systematically elucidate the metastasis suppressor miRNAs in GBC.

Methods: A novel designed high-throughput screening method that combined high content screening (HCS) and miRNA microarray analysis was conducted to filter out anti-metastatic miRNAs of GBC.

Publisher Correction: Precancer antiviral treatment reduces microvascular invasion of early-stage Hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma.

A correction to this article has been published and is linked from the HTML and PDF versions of this paper. The error has been fixed in the paper.

Precancer antiviral treatment reduces microvascular invasion of early-stage Hepatitis B-related hepatocellular carcinoma.

The impact of antiviral therapy before tumorigenesis on microvascular invasion (MVI) of Chronic hepatitis B (CHB)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is still unknown. In this retrospective cohort study 3,276 HCC patients with early-stage who underwent curative resection were included. We investigated the effect of precancer antiviral therapy on the pathology, especially MVI, of CHB-related HCC.

Systematic Study of the SiO Film with Different Stoichiometry by Plasma-Enhanced Atomic Layer Deposition and Its Application in SiO/SiO₂ Super-Lattice.

Atomic scale control of the thickness of thin film makes atomic layer deposition highly advantageous in the preparation of high quality super-lattices. However, precisely controlling the film chemical stoichiometry is very challenging. In this study, we deposited SiO film with different stoichiometry by plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition.

Measurements of Microstructural, Chemical, Optical, and Electrical Properties of Silicon-Oxygen-Nitrogen Films Prepared by Plasma-Enhanced Atomic Layer Deposition.

In this study, silicon nitride (SiN) thin films with different oxygen concentration (i.e., SiON film) were precisely deposited by plasma enhanced atomic layer deposition on Si (100) substrates.